Ma maqashay exFAT ? Waa ilmaha ku cusub magaalada marka ay timaado nidaamyada faylalka ee loo isticmaalo flash-ka iyo aaladaha mobilada. Haddii aad tahay isticmaale Windows iyo Mac OS labadaba , waxay u badan tahay inaad taqaan exFAT, laakiin haddii aadan ahayn, fursada inaadan waligaa isticmaalin nidaamka faylkan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aad rabto inaad ogaato waxa uu yahay, goorta iyo sababta loo alifay, sii akhri. Waxaan kaga jawaabi doonaa su'aalahan oo dhan iyo kuwo kale, maqaalkan:

Waa maxay exFAT?

exFAT waa nidaam faylal ah oo loo sameeyay in lagu isticmaalo flash drives sida xusuusta USB iyo kaararka SD. Magaca exFAT waa erey la soo gaabiyay oo loogu talagalay Shaxda Qoondaynta Faylka Dheeraadka ah^{(Extended File Allocation Table)} , kaas oo siinaya tilmaam horudhacyadeeda: FAT32 iyo FAT16 . exFAT waa nooc ka cusub nidaamkii hore ee FAT32 , waana dhul dhexe oo u dhexeeya FAT32 iyo nidaamka faylka NTFS ee casriga ah oo aad u casrisan (New Technology File System) .

Goorma ayaa la ikhtiraacay exFAT yaase ikhtiraacay?

exFAT waxaa nashqadeeyay Microsoft sanadkii 2006 wuxuuna ahaa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka Windows CE 6.0^{(Windows CE 6.0)} ee shirkadda. Windows CE wuxuu ahaa nidaamka hawlgalka Microsoft ee ku dhex-jira oo loo isticmaali jiray dhammaan noocyada aaladaha aan maanta u naqaanno Internet of Things^{(Internet of Things)} . Xitaa in ka badan toban sano ka hor, nidaamyada hawlgalka ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu xoojiyo qalabka sida kamaradaha dhijitaalka ah, kombiyuutarada gacanta ( Pocket PCs ), sanduuqyada TV-ga cable, TV-yada flat panel ,^(TVs) xarumaha warbaahinta, ciyaartoyda warbaahinta la qaadi karo, raadiyaha baabuurta horumarsan iyo wixii la mid ah.

Sababtoo ah Windows CE wuxuu ahaa nidaamka hawlgalka ee ku shaqeeya aaladaha mobilada oo leh qalab xaddidan iyo xusuusta, waxay ahayd inay adeegsato nidaamka faylka oo ka baahi yar NTFS , kaas oo loo adeegsan jiray aaladaha ka awood badan sida kumbuyuutarrada desktop-ka iyo laptop-yada.

Xalka Microsoft^(Microsoft) ee dhibaatadan ayaa ahaa in ay ikhtiraacdo nidaamka faylalka cusub, kaas oo ka fudud NTFS balse ka casrisan kuwii hore ee FAT16 iyo FAT32 . Nidaamkan cusub ee faylka waxaa loo yaqaan exFAT . Maanta, marka aad qaabayso USB drive ama kaarka MicroSD^{(format a USB drive or a MicroSD card)} , gudaha Windows, waxaad isticmaali kartaa exFAT sida nidaamka faylka, oo ay weheliyaan FAT32 iyo NTFS . Ha qaadan ereygayaga oo isku day naftaada.

Faa'iidooyinka isticmaalka exFAT

exFAT waa nidaam faylal ah oo loo habeeyay flash-ka. Ujeedadaas awgeed, exFAT waxay leedahay dhowr astaamood oo waaweyn oo ka sooca nidaamyada kale ee faylka:

• exFAT waa faylal fudud oo aan u baahnayn qalab badan oo qalab ah si loo ilaaliyo.
• Waxay bixisaa taageero loogu talagalay qaybo waaweyn, oo ah ilaa 128 pebibytes , taas oo ah 144115 terabytes!
• Waxay kaydin kartaa faylal aad u waaweyn, oo aad uga sarreeya xadka 4GB ee ay soo rogtay tusaale ahaan FAT32 . Haddii aad xiiseyneyso, xadka cabbirka faylka waa 16 exbibytes, laakiin taasi way ka badan tahay cabbirada qaybta ugu badan, sidaas darteed xadka cabbirka dhabta ah ee faylka lagu kaydiyo exFAT wuxuu la mid yahay xajmiga xadka ee qaybta: 128 pebibytes.
• exFAT waxay ku habboon tahay qalabyo badan oo kala duwan iyo nidaamyada hawlgalka. Sida laga soo xigtay Wikipedia , exFAT waxaa lagu taageeraa Windows XP iyo Windows Server 2003 iyadoo la cusbooneysiiyay KB955704 , Windows Embedded CE 6.0 , Windows Vista oo leh Xidhmada Adeegga 1^{(Service Pack 1)} , Windows Server 2008 , Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2008 R2 (marka laga reebo Windows Server 2008 Server ). Core ), Windows 10, iyo Mac OS X oo ka bilaabmaya 10.6.5. exFAT sidoo kale waxaa taageera kamaradaha intooda badan, casriga ah iyo consoles-yada cusub ee ciyaaraha sidaPlaystation 4 iyo Xbox One . exFAT waxa kale oo taageera Android noocyadii^(Android) ugu dambeeyay: Android 6 Marshmallow iyo Android 7 Nougat . Sida laga soo xigtay degelkan^(this) , exFAT waxaa taageera Android ilaa nooca 4 uu soo dhawaaday. Sida laga soo xigtay dooddan^{(this discussion)} , exFAT waxaa sidoo kale taageera iOS 7 iyo kuwa cusub.

Dhibaatooyinka isticmaalka exFAT

Fikradeena, waxaa jira hal shay oo dhab ah oo "aan fiicneyn" oo ku saabsan exFAT, taasina waa taageero la'aanta joornaalka. Qorista^(Journaling) waa muuqaal u oggolaanaya nidaamka faylalka inuu hayo diiwaannada isbeddellada lagu sameeyo faylalka ku kaydsan. Taasi waa faa'iido leh marka xogta musuqmaasuqa dhacdo sababtoo ah joornaalada waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo celiyo xogta jaban. exFAT ma laha sifadan, taasina waxay la macno tahay in xogta si fudud loo kharribi karo marka xidhidh lama filaan ahi dhacaan ama marka darawalka meesha ka saari kara habkan loo qaabeeyay aanu si badbaado leh u saarin.

Sidee loo isticmaalaa exFAT?

exFAT waa nidaam faylal ah oo inta badan loo isticmaalo qaabaynta flash drives sida ulaha xusuusta USB iyo kaararka SD. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale si ballaaran loo isticmaalo dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee qalabka elektarooniga ah ee kale ee macaamiisha sida kamaradaha dhijitaalka ah, TV-yada^(TVs) , xarumaha warbaahinta, sanduuqyada TV-ga ee cable-ka iyo wixii la mid ah.

exFAT ma ka dhakhso badan yahay ama ma ka gaabiyaa FAT32 iyo NTFS ?

In kasta oo tafaasiisha farsamooyinku nagu hoggaamiyaan in aan rumaysanno in exFAT uu yahay nidaam faylal fudud oo ka dhakhso badan NTFS , waxaan rabnay in aan iska hubinno. Habka ugu fiican ee lagu arki karo sida exFAT u barbar dhigo NTFS ama FAT32 waxay ahayd in la qaabeeyo isla xusuusta USB-ga^(USB) ee laga saari karo ee aan ku haynay, adoo isticmaalaya dhammaan nidaamyadan faylasha ka dibna ku calaamadee CrystalDiskMark . Flash Drive-yada aan tijaabinay waa kuwan soo socda: Kingston DataTraveler microDuo 3C (oo ay matalaan xaraf A), IronKey D300 (oo ay matalaan xarafka B) iyo SanDisk Ultra Fit(waxaa matalaya xarafka C). Hoos waxaad ka arki kartaa xawaaraha aan ku cabbirnay dhammaan seddexda aalad markii aan isticmaalnay exFAT .

Oo waa kuwan xawaarihii aan ku duubnay dhammaan saddexda stick ee xusuusta marka la isticmaalayo FAT32 .

Ugu dambeyntii, waa kuwan waxa xawaarahooda ay ahaayeen markii aan qaabeynay iyaga oo isticmaalaya nidaamka faylka NTFS .

Markaad eegto natiijooyinkan, waxaad arki kartaa in Kingston DataTraveler microDuo 3C (oo ay matalaan xarafka A) uu lahaa xawaaraha ugu dhaqsiyaha badan marka lagu qaabeeyey exFAT , IronKey D300 (oo ay matalaan xarafka B) ayaa ugu dhaqsaha badnaa akhrinta xogta markii ay ahayd iyadoo la adeegsanayo nidaamka faylka NTFS , iyo SanDisk Ultra Fit (oo ay matalaan xarafka C) ayaa lahaa xawaaraha ugu dhaqsaha badan ee akhrinta xogta marka la isticmaalayo NTFS , laakiin wuxuu ahaa midka ugu dhaqsaha badan qoraalka xogta marka la isticmaalayo exFAT .

Gabagabadii, inkasta oo xawaaruhu aanu wax badan kala duwanayn, haddana waa ammaan in la yidhaahdo NTFS waa doorashada ugu dhaqsiyaha badan haddii xogta la akhriyo xawaaraha waa waxa aad rabto, iyo exFAT waa doorashada haddii xawaaraha qorista uu yahay welwelkaaga koowaad.

Ma isticmaashaa exFAT?

Haddaba su'aashu waxay tahay: ma isticmaashaa exFAT ? Mise waxaad doorbidaysaa NTFS , ama laga yaabee xitaa FAT32 hore ? Si daacad ah, waxaan isticmaalnaa kaliya NTFS, laakiin taasi waa sababta oo ah waxaan isticmaalnaa aalado badan oo Microsoft ah oo ku shaqeeya Windows . Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aan isticmaaleyno Macs , waxaan u isticmaali karnaa exFAT dhammaan darawalladayada la rari karo, maadaama Macs aysan siineynin taageero wanaagsan NTFS laakiin ay u sameeyaan exFAT . Waxaan aad u xiisayneynaa inaan helno fikradahaaga - isticmaal faallooyinka hoose si aad ula wadaagto fikradahaaga.

Simple questions: What is exFAT and why is it useful?

Dіd yoυ hear abоut exFAT? It is the new kid in town when it comes to file systems that are used on flash drives and mobile devices. If you are both a Windows and a Mac OS user, you are probably familiar with exFAT, but if you are not, chances are you have never used this file system. Either way, if you want to know what it is, when and why it was invented, read on. We will answer all these questions and more, in this article:

What is exFAT?

exFAT is a file system that was created to be used on flash drives like USB memory sticks and SD cards. The name of exFAT is an acronym for Extended File Allocation Table, which gives a hint for its precursors: FAT32 and FAT16. exFAT is a newer version of the old FAT32 file system, and it is a middle ground between FAT32 and the more modern and more sophisticated NTFS file system (New Technology File System).

When was exFAT invented and by who?

exFAT was designed by Microsoft back in 2006 and was a part of the company's Windows CE 6.0 operating system. Windows CE was Microsoft's embedded operating system that was used for all sorts of devices that we call today Internet of Things. Even more than a decade ago, operating systems were used to power devices such as digital cameras, handheld computers (Pocket PCs), cable TV boxes, flat panel TVs, media centers, portable media players, advanced car radios and so on.

Because Windows CE was an operating system that had to run on mobile devices with limited hardware and memory, it had to use a file system that was less demanding than NTFS, which was used on more powerful devices like desktop computers and laptops.

Microsoft's solution to this problem was to invent a new file system, which would be lighter than NTFS but more modern than the old FAT16 and FAT32. This new file system was called exFAT. Today, when you format a USB drive or a MicroSD card, in Windows, you can use exFAT as the file system, alongside FAT32 and NTFS. Don't take our word for it and try it yourself.

The pros of using exFAT

exFAT is a file system that is optimized for flash drives. For that purpose, exFAT has a few major features that distinguish it from other file systems:

• exFAT is a lightweight filesystem that doesn't need a lot of hardware resources to be maintained.
• It offers support for huge partitions, of up to 128 pebibytes, which is 144115 terabytes!
• It can store files that are very large, a lot higher than the 4GB limit imposed by FAT32 for instance. If you're curious, the file size limit is 16 exbibytes, but that's more than the maximum partition dimensions, so the real size limit for a file stored on exFAT is the same as the limit size of the partition: 128 pebibytes.
• exFAT is compatible with a lot of different devices and operating systems. According to Wikipedia, exFAT is supported in Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 with update KB955704, Windows Embedded CE 6.0, Windows Vista with Service Pack 1, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2008 R2 (except Windows Server 2008 Server Core), Windows 10, and Mac OS X starting from 10.6.5. exFAT is also supported by most cameras, smartphones and newer gaming consoles such as Playstation 4 and Xbox One. exFAT is also supported by Android's latest versions: Android 6 Marshmallow and Android 7 Nougat. According to this website, exFAT is supported by Android since its version 4 came around. And according to this discussion, exFAT is also supported by iOS 7 and newer.

The cons of using exFAT

In our opinion, there's only one real "not so positive" thing about exFAT, and that's the lack of support for journaling. Journaling is a feature that allows the file system to keep records of changes made to files stored on it. That's useful when data corruption occurs because journals can be used to recover broken data. exFAT doesn't have this feature, and that means that data can be corrupted more easily when unexpected shutdowns occur or when the removable drive formatted this way is not safely ejected.

How is exFAT used?

exFAT is a file system used mainly for formatting flash drives such USB memory sticks and SD cards. However, it's also widely used on all sorts of other consumer electronic devices such as digital cameras, TVs, media centers, cable TV set-top boxes and so on.

Is exFAT faster or slower than FAT32 and NTFS?

Although technical specs lead us into believing that exFAT is a lighter and faster file system than NTFS, we wanted to check it on our own. The best way to see how exFAT compares to NTFS or FAT32 was to format the same removable USB memory sticks we had around, using all these file systems and then benchmark them with CrystalDiskMark. The flash drives that we tested are the following: Kingston DataTraveler microDuo 3C (represented by letter A), IronKey D300 (represented by letter B) and SanDisk Ultra Fit (represented by letter C). Below you can see the speeds that we measured on all three devices when using exFAT.

And here are the speeds we recorded on all three memory sticks when using FAT32.

Finally, here's what their speeds were when we formatted them using the NTFS filesystem.

When looking at these results, you can see that the Kingston DataTraveler microDuo 3C (represented by letter A) had the fastest writing speeds when it was formatted with exFAT, IronKey D300 (represented by letter B) was the fastest at reading data when it was using the NTFS filesystem, and the SanDisk Ultra Fit (represented by letter C) had the fastest speeds at reading data when using NTFS, but was the fastest at writing data when using exFAT.

The end conclusion is that although the speeds don't vary much, it's safe to say that NTFS is the fastest choice if data read speeds is what you want, and exFAT is the choice if writing speed is your primary concern.

Do you use exFAT?

So the question is: are you using exFAT? Or do you prefer NTFS, or maybe even the old FAT32? To be honest, we only use NTFS, but that's because we use a lot of Microsoft devices running Windows. However, if we were to use Macs, we'd probably use exFAT on all our removable drives, as Macs don't offer good support for NTFS but do for exFAT. We're eager to find what your opinions are - use the comments below to share your thoughts.

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