Faylka martida loo yahay Windows^{(Windows Hosts)} waa fayl ay Windows isticmaasho si ay u maamusho oo u khariidayso cinwaannada IP. Marka la tafatiro faylka Hosts -ka, ^(Hosts)Windows waxa loo habayn karaa in la xannibo ama dib loo hagayo mareegaha gaarka ah iyo xataa borotokoollada ay adeegsadaan barnaamijyada iyo codsiyada.

Maqaalkan, waxaan kugu socon doonaa tillaabooyinka si sax ah loogu saxo faylka HOSTS . Sidoo kale, haddii aad doorbidi lahayd inaad daawato fiidiyowga habka, waxaad xor u tahay inaad hubiso fiidyowgayada YouTube^{(YouTube video)} .

Wax ka beddel faylka martida loo yahay ee Windows

Si aad u bilowdo tafatirka faylka martida loo yahay Windows^{(Windows Hosts)} , waxaad marka hore u baahan tahay inaad heshid. Furo Windows Explorer oo dhagsii PC-gan^{( This PC)} ama Kumbuyuutarkayga^{(My Computer)} . Laba jeer dhagsii C:, ka dib galka  Windows oo hoos u rog bogga ilaa aad ka gaarto galka  System32 . Gudaha galkaas, fur darawallada^(drivers) ka dibna fur iwm^(etc) . Waxaad hadda arki doontaa dhawr fayl, oo mid ka mid ahi yahay martigeliyaha^(hosts) .

Hadda, ogow in nooca faylka ee faylka martida^(hosts) loo yahay uu u taxan yahay Fayl^(File) . Sababtoo ah ma jiro barnaamij u dejisan si loo furo nooca faylka sidan oo kale ah, laba jeer gujinta faylka martida loo yahay waxay si fudud ku siin doontaa degdegga Windows , oo ku weydiinaya barnaamijka aad jeceshahay inaad isticmaasho si aad u furto faylka.

Isla markiiba, waxaad dooran kartaa inaad ku daabacdo faylka martida loo yahay Notepad . Markaa, si fudud guji si aad u doorato Notepad oo guji badhanka OK . Laga soo bilaabo halkaas, Notepad ayaa la bilaabi doona macluumaadka faylka martida loo yahay.

Habkan loo furayo faylka martida loo yahay ayaa la muujiyay si loo muujiyo halka faylka martida loo yahay uu dhab ahaan ku yaal Windows gudaheeda , laakiin ma awoodi doontid inaad wax ka beddesho sababtoo ah waa faylka nidaamka. Si aad u tafatirto faylka, waa inaad marka hore furto Notepad , oo u shaqaynaysa sidii maamule^{(Administrator)} .

Guji Start oo ku qor Notepad , laakiin ha gujin Notepad si aad u furto. Halkii^(Rather) , midig-guji^{(right-click)} liiska Notepad si aad u soo qaadato liiska macnaha guud. Dooro ikhtiyaarka Orod sida Maamule^{(Run as Administrator)} .

Marka Notepad furan yahay, dooro File > Open . U gudub  C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc . Waxaad heli doontaa shaashad banaan oo soo bandhigaysa degdega wax shay ah oo ku habboon raadintaada ma jiraan^{(No items match your search)} . U beddel Text Documents (*.txt) to All Files adiga oo isticmaalaya liiska hoos u dhaca. Hadda, waxaad dooran kartaa faylka martida loo yahay oo guji ^(hosts)Open .

Ku darista faylasha faylka martida loo yahay waa mid aad u fudud. Faylka martida loo yahay wuxuu isticmaalaa qaabka:

IP Address   exampledomain.com

Xiro shabakadaha addoo isticmaalaya Faylka HOSTS

Joojinta mareegaha Windows waa mid fudud sida ku qorista kuwan soo socda xagga hoose ee faylka martida loo yahay:

127.0.0.1    www.exampledomain.com

Markaa, haddii aan rabo inaan xannibo degel sida www.nytimes.com, waxaan ku dari karaa khadkan soo socda:

127.0.0.1    www.nytimes.com

Waxa aan run ahaantii u sheegayno Windows waa in website-ka www.nytimes.com uu u jiheeyo ciwaanka IP-ga 127.0.0.1, kaas oo ah ciwaanka loopback ee nidaamka deegaankayaga. Haddi aanad kombayutarkaaga ku haynin degel maxalli ah, waxa kaliya oo aad heli doontaa bog khalad ah browser kaaga.

Aad^(Pretty) u fiican, huh!? Sida iska cad, waxaad arki kartaa sida tan loo isticmaali karo dhowr siyaabood oo kala duwan: jeesjees ah, kantaroolka waalidka, iwm. Haddii aadan rabin in aad xannibto website-ka habkaas, waxa kale oo aad u wareejin kartaa website kale. Si taas loo sameeyo, waa inaad marka hore heshaa cinwaanka IP-ga ee goobta kale.

Si taas loo sameeyo, kaliya fur amar degdeg ah (guji Start oo ku qor CMD ) oo ku qor amarka soo socda:

ping examplewebsite.com

Tusaalahayga, waxaan ku dhajiyay Adobe.com^(Adobe.com) . Ciwaanka IP-ga waa 192.150.16.117. Hadda waxaan si fudud ugu dhejin karaa lambarkaas faylka martigeliyayaashayda hortiisa www.nytimes.com.

Hadda marka aan booqdo www.nytimes.com, waxa aan u jiheeyaa Adobe.com^(Adobe.com) ! Wacan^(Nice) ! Ogsoonow haddii tani aysan u shaqeyn shabakadaha aad geleyso, waxay noqon kartaa sababtoo ah URL- ka aad isticmaalayso. Tusaale ahaan, waxa ay samaynaysaa farqi haddii aad isticmaasho www.nytimes.com lid ku ah nytimes.com iyada oo aan www . Booqo mareegaha oo arag sida saxda ah URL waxa loogu talagalay shabakada aad rabto inaad dib u jiho Waa inaad had iyo jeer isku daydaa la'aanteed www.

Haddii website-ku isticmaalo HTTPS sida Google.com ama shay, waa inay wali dib u hagaajisaa haddii aad isticmaasho magaca martida loo yahay. Ma jirto qaab lagu qeexo nooca HTTPS ee degelka ku jira faylka HOSTS , laakiin waa inay dib u habaysaa HTTPS^(HTTPS) iyo noocyada HTTPS ee mareegaha haddii aad isticmaasho magaca martida loo yahay (ie google.com).

Ugu dambeyntii, waxaad isticmaali kartaa faylka martida loo yahay si aad u abuurto jid-gaabyo fudud oo aad ku sameyso qalabkaaga shabakada. Tusaale ahaan, routerkeygu wuxuu joogaa 192.168.1.3 shabakada gurigayga, laakiin waxaan ku dari karaa xariiqan soo socota faylka martidadeyda oo si fudud ugu qor myrouter.com gudaha bar ciwaanka.

Wax macno ah ma leh haddii myrouter.com dhab ahaantii yahay degel ama maaha sababtoo ah faylka martida loo yahay marka hore ayaa la akhriyaa waxaana laguu wareejinayaa cinwaanka IP-ga ee lagu qeexay faylka. Waxaa xusid mudan in dhammaan daalacayaashu aysan isticmaali karin faylka martida loo yahay, markaa haddii aysan shaqeyneynin, taasi waxay noqon kartaa arrintu. Waxaan tijaabiyey anigoo isticmaalaya IE, Microsoft Edge , Chrome iyo Firefox waxayna ka shaqeysay dhammaan daalacashada.

Guud ahaan, faylka martida loo yahay ayaa wali faa'iido leh, xitaa gudaha Windows 10 . Waxa kale oo ay weli si fiican ugu shaqeysaa Windows 8 , 7, Vista , iwm. Haddii aad wax su'aalo ah qabtid, xor u noqo inaad faallo ka bixiso. Ku raaxayso!

Edit the Windows Hosts File to Block or Redirect Websites

The Windows Hosts file is a file that Windows uses to control and map IP addresses. By edіtіng the Hosts file, Windows can be customized to block or redirect specific websites and evеn protocols that are used by programs and applications.

In this article, we’ll walk you through the steps to correctly edit the HOSTS file. Also, if you would rather watch a video of the process, feel free to check out our YouTube video.

Edit Hosts File in Windows

To get started editing the Windows Hosts file, you first need to locate it. Open Windows Explorer and click on This PC or My Computer. Double-click on C:\, then the Windows folder and scroll down the page until you reach the System32 folder. Inside of that folder, open drivers and then open etc. You’ll now see several files, one of which is hosts.

Now, notice that the file type for the hosts file is listed as File. Because there is no default program set to open a file type like this, double clicking the hosts file will simply give you a Windows prompt, asking you which program you would like to use to open the file.

From this prompt, you can choose to edit the hosts file with Notepad. So, simply click to select Notepad and click the OK button. From there, Notepad will launch with the hosts file information.

This way of opening the hosts file was demonstrated to show where the hosts file is actually located within Windows, but you won’t be able to edit it because it’s a system file. In order to edit the file, you have to open Notepad first, running as an Administrator.

Click on Start and type in Notepad, but don’t click on Notepad to open it. Rather, right-click the Notepad listing to bring up the context menu. Select the option Run as Administrator.

With Notepad open, select File > Open. Navigate to C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc. You will get a blank screen that displays the prompt No items match your search. Change Text Documents (*.txt) to All Files using the drop down menu. Now, you can select the hosts file and click Open.

Adding files to the hosts file is very simple. The hosts file uses the format:

IP Address   exampledomain.com

Block Websites using HOSTS File

Blocking a website in Windows is as simple as typing the following into the bottom of the hosts file:

127.0.0.1    www.exampledomain.com

So, if I wanted to block a website like www.nytimes.com, I could just add the following line:

127.0.0.1    www.nytimes.com

What we are actually telling Windows is that the website www.nytimes.com should redirect to the IP address 127.0.0.1, which is just the loopback address on our local system. If you don’t have a local website setup on your computer, you’ll just get an error page in your web browser.

Pretty cool, huh!? Obviously, you can see how this can be used in several different ways: a prank, parental control, etc. If you didn’t want to block the website in that way, you could also redirect it to another website. In order to do this, you have to find the IP address of the other site first.

To do that, just open a command prompt (click on Start and type in CMD) and type in the following command:

ping examplewebsite.com

In my example, I pinged Adobe.com. The IP address is 192.150.16.117. Now I can simply plug that number into my hosts file in front of www.nytimes.com.

Now when I visit www.nytimes.com, I get redirect to Adobe.com! Nice! Note that if this doesn’t work for the websites you are entering, it could be because of the URL you are using. For example, it makes a difference if you use www.nytimes.com as opposed to nytimes.com without the www. Visit the website and see exactly what the URL is for the website you want to redirect. You should always try without the www first to see if that works.

If the website uses HTTPS like Google.com or something, it should still redirect if you use the host name. There is no way to specify the HTTPS version of a website in the HOSTS file, but it should redirect the HTTPS and non-HTTPS versions of the website if you use just the host name (i.e. google.com).

Lastly, you can use the hosts file to create simple shortcuts to your own devices on the network. For example, my router is at 192.168.1.3 on my home network, but I could add the following line to my hosts file and simply type in myrouter.com into my address bar.

It doesn’t really matter if myrouter.com is actually a website or not because the hosts file is read first and you are redirected to the IP address specified in the file. It’s worth noting that not all browsers may use the hosts file, so if it’s not working, that could be the issue. I tested it using IE, Microsoft Edge, Chrome and Firefox and it worked on all of the browsers.

Overall, the hosts file is still useful, even in Windows 10. It also still works just fine in Windows 8, 7, Vista, etc. If you have any questions, feel free to comment. Enjoy!

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