Dukaamada qaxwaha^(Coffee) , garoommada dayuuradaha, qolka nasashada ee huteelka - waxaad ku xidhi kartaa internetka^(Internet) meel kasta oo ku siinaysa meel kulul. In ka badan in lagu caawiyo, meelaha Wi-Fi-ga ah ee noocan oo kale ah ayaa ka caawiya dadka wax iska indha-tiraya helitaanka xogtaada.

Khatarta isticmaalka barta Wi-Fi-ga guud^{(dangers of using a public Wi-Fi hotspot)} waa badan tahay. Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah talooyin ku saabsan ammaanka Wi-Fi si aad u sii wadato ku raaxaysiga internetka^(Internet) adigoon wax badan ka baqin. Maqaalku wuxuu u malaynayaa inaad isticmaalayso nidaamka hawlgalka Windows ee ugu dambeeyay iyo software ammaan oo wanaagsan oo lagu rakibay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hababka laga hadlay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay khuseeyaan nidaam kasta oo qalliin oo leh tas-hiilaad la mid ah.

Talooyin Amniga WiFi

Qaar ka mid ah talooyinka ay tahay inaad raacdo si aad u ilaaliso oo aad u ilaaliso markaad isticmaalayso goob dadweyne:

1. U Beddel Shabakadda Dadweynaha
2. ^(Connect)Ku Xidhnow Shabakad Sugan Haddii ^{(Secure Network)}La Heli Karo
3. Demi adabtarada Wi-Fi-gaaga marka aanad isticmaalin Kumbuyuutarka^(Computer)
4. Isticmaal bogag sugan (HTTPS)
5. Isticmaal VPN
6. Tixgeli sirta
7. Dab-damiskaaga ha shaqeeyo
8. Isha Ku Hay Goobaha Galitaanka
9. Dami daabacaha & Wadaagista faylka
10. Caadooyinka baarista badbaadada leh
11. Isticmaal Ammaanno Dheeraad ah^{(Use Additional Security)} haddii la heli karo^(Available) .

1] U Beddel Shabakadda Dadweynaha

Markaad ka beddesho goobta shabakada hadda ee Guriga^(Home) ama Shaqada^(Work) una beddelo Dadweynaha^(Public) , wadaaga faylka waa la damiyay sida wadaagga daabacaha. Tani waxay ka ilaalinaysaa xogtaada inay ka muuqato kombiyuutarada kale ee laga yaabo inay raadinayaan disk adag oo furan.

Si aad shabkada u dejiso mid guud^(Public) , dhagsii astaanta shabkada ee saxanka nidaamka. Markaas dhagsii Xarunta Furan ee Shabakadda iyo Wadaagga^{(Open Network and Sharing Center)} . Sanduuqa wada-hadalka ee soo muuqda, calaamadee Shabakadda^(Network) hoosteeda si aad u aragto haddii shabakadu ay horeba dad u tahay. Astaanta Dadweynuhu^(Public) waa kursiga baarkinka halka shabakadda Guriga^(Home) , ay tahay astaanta guriga. Haddii ay tahay guri^{(home )} ama shaqo^{( work)} , ku dhufo oo ka soo baxa sanduuqa wada-hadalka natiijada, dooro shabakada dadweynaha^{(public network)} .

2] Ku Xidhnow Shabakad Sugan Haddii ^{(Secure Network)}La^(Connect) Heli Karo

Iyadoo kororka uu jiro shaki laga qabo isticmaalka goobaha Wi-Fi-ga, shirkado badan oo badan - oo ay ku jiraan hoteelada iyo dukaamada qaxwada - ayaa bixiya shabakado sugan. Ka hubi shabakadaha sugan ee liiska shabakadaha jira. Haddii aad ku jirto hudheel, maamulka ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku siiyaan furaha sirta ah si aad u isticmaasho shabakad sugan.

Inta suurtogalka ah, ku xidh shabakadaha sugan. Maskaxda ku hay in aanay qayb kastaa ku siin doonin doorashada amniga. Si aad u ogaato in shabakadu ay badbaado tahay, dhagsii astaanta shabakada ee ku dhex jirta saxanka nidaamka. Ku dul wareeji curcurka^(Hover) mouse-ka xiriir kasta si aad u ogaato haddii shabakadu ammaan tahay iyo haddii ay haa tahay, nooca amniga la isticmaalay.

Xusuusnow WPA2 ayaa ka fiican WPA . Sidoo kale, WPA ayaa ka fiican WEP.^{(Remember WPA2 is better than WPA. Similarly, WPA is better than WEP.)}

Shabakadaha aan la hubin waa in laga fogaadaa ilaa inta suurtogalka ah. Dabcan, haddii aysan jirin shabakad aamin ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad isticmaasho midka aan sugnayn laakiin markaa, ka shaqee isticmaalka daalacashada maadaama ay yarayn doonto khataraha ilaa xad.

Akhri^(Read) : Sida ay tuugadu u xadin karaan furaha sirta ah ee WiFi.

3] Demi adabtarada Wi-Fi-gaaga marka aanad isticmaalin Kumbuyuutarka^(Computer)

Aalado badan ayaa maanta wata qalab lagu shido ama damiyo adabtarada wireless-ka. Maadaama aadan isticmaalin hotspot-ka, ma jirto wax dareen ah oo ku saabsan in kumbiyuutarka lagu xiro shabakada. Dadka waxaa laga yaabaa inay jabsadaan kombiyuutarka oo ay xadaan xogtaada. Waxaa lagugula talinayaa in marka aad dhameysato shaqadaada, dami adabtarada haddii uusan kumbuyuutarka ahayn.

Haddii aadan arki karin adabtarada Wi-Fi^{(Wi-Fi Adaptor)} , waxaad raaci kartaa tallaabooyinkan:

1. Riix furaha Windows + Furaha Break
2. Daaqada soo muuqata, dhagsii Maareeyaha Aaladda^{(Device Manager)}
3. Daaqadda Maareeyaha Qalabka ee^{(Device Manager)} soo muuqata, dhagsii Network Adapters si aad u ballaadhiso liiska adapters-ka kombiyuutarkaaga
4. Midig ku dhufo^{(Right-click)} adabtarada Wireless^{(Wireless Adaptor)} -ka oo dooro Disable .
5. Guji [x] badhanka xagga sare ee daaqadda si aad u xidho daaqada Maareeyaha Aaladda^{(Device Manager)}

 

4] Isticmaal bogag sugan (HTTPS)

Markaad isticmaalayso boggaga shabakadda, isku day inaad geliso https^(https) halkii aad HTTP ka gali lahayd . Tani waxay hubin doontaa in macluumaadka gelitaankaagu ay tahay mid sir ah oo aan loo soo bandhigin shabakadda wireless-ka. Shabakadaha bulshadu^(Social) waxa kale oo ay haystaan ​​ikhtiyaarka ah in ay ku siiyaan bogag https si aad u isticmaali karto bogag sir ah oo sugan halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd kuwa caadiga ah ee aan qarsoodi ahayn. Tusaale ahaan, marka aad isticmaalayso Twitter , isticmaal https://twitter.com/compose.aspx halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd http://twitter.com/compose.aspx . Xogtaadu sidan ayay u ammaan ahaan lahayd.

Xaaladda webmail, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay bixiyaan https kaliya bogga gelitaanka ee maaha boggaga kale ee kuu ogolaanaya inaad sameysid iimaylo oo aad aragto emails. Waxaad arki kartaa haddii ikhtiyaarka la heli karo adiga oo horgaliya https horgalaha^(https) URL -^(URL) ka ku yaal barta ciwaanka. Haddii aad hesho qalad 404, bogga siraysan ma jiro. Xaaladahan oo kale, waxaa lagugula talinayaa inaad isticmaasho nooc ka mid ah shabakad sir ah oo ku taal hotspot.

Akhri^(Read) : Ammaanka Wi-Fi marka aad safraysid .

5] Hel VPN

VPN ma aha doorashada ugu badbaadsan laakiin waxay xogtaada ka ilaalinaysaa indhuhu si wax ku ool ah u qabtaan. Waxa kale oo ay ku xidhan tahay nooca software VPN ee^{(VPN software)}  aad isticmaalayso. Waxaa jira VPN-yada caadiga ah iyo kuwa daruuriga ku salaysan labadaba kuwaas oo kaa caawinaya inaad ku xidhidhdo^(VPNs) adoon ka welwelin isticmaalka macmiilka iimaylka ee goobaha Wi-Fi .

Mid ka mid ah VPN- yada^(Hotspot) daruuriga ku saleysan ee ugu wanaagsan waa Hotspot ^(VPNs)VPN . Markaad la saxiixato iyaga, waxay abuuraan tunnel-ka-masuul ah inta u dhaxaysa kumbuyuutarkaaga iyo adeegayaashooda sugan. Waxa kaliya ee laga yaabo inaadan jeclayn markaad u socoto VPN^(VPNs) -yada waa kharashkooda. Horumarinta qaybta daruuraha, waxaan filayaa dabacsanaan dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan adeegyada VPN oo kharashyada qaraabada ahi hoos u dhacaan. SpotFlux waxay kuu ogolaaneysaa inaad abuurto tunnel u dhexeeya server-yada SpotFlux iyo kumbuyuutarka si ay xogta ugu wareejiso si ammaan ah. Waxaad akhrin kartaa dhammaan dib u eegista SpotFlux .

Akhri^(Read) : Sida loo soo saaro Taariikhda WiFi ama Warbixinta WLAN^{(How to generate a WiFi History or WLAN Report)} .

6] Tixgeli sirta

Waxaa jira dhowr software oo furan oo sirin kara faylashaada iyo sidoo kale dhammaan diskyada adag. Waxaan soo jeedinayaa TrueCrypt , software ah oo bilaash ah oo sir ah dhammaan qalabkaaga adag si uusan midna u helin adigoon jebin eraygaaga sirta ah. Markaa haddii aad isticmaalayso encryption, isticmaal mid wanaagsan, samee furaha sirta ah oo wanaagsan hana iloobin^(NOT) erayga sirta ah haddii kale waxay dhib ku noqon doontaa furdaynta. BitLocker waxay la socotaa Windows 7/8/10 waxayna siisaa sir mid kasta oo ka mid ah darawalladaada adag iyo qaybaha. Waxaad dejin kartaa BitLocker si aad si toos ah u dejiso darawallada ama adigoo isticmaalaya fure. Halkan waxaa ah maqaal sharaxaya Bitlocker gudaha Windows .

Akhri^(Read) : Waa maxay FragAttacks^{(What are FragAttacks)} ? Sida loo ilaaliyo WiFi -gaaga ka dhanka ah FragAttacks ?

7] Dab-damiskaaga ka dhig mid firfircoon

Waxa aad helaysaa dab-damis bilaash ah marka aad rakibto Windows OS. Sida caadiga ah, firewall-ka Windows waa mid shaqaynaya oo ilaalinaya xogtaada. Haddii aad isticmaalayso Windows 10/8/7 , firewall-kani waa inuu ku filan yahay abuurista lakabka ilaalinta xogtaada. Haddii aad isticmaalayso nidaamka hawlgalka kale ama nooca Windows Vista ka hor , waxaad soo dejisan kartaa oo aad rakibi kartaa ZoneAlarm ama Comodo firewalls midkood. Labaduba waa fiican yihiin waana bilaash in la isticmaalo. Waxaan kugula talinayaa ZoneAlarm haddii aadan wax badan ka baran ereybixinta kumbuyuutarka iyo haddii aad ku kalsoon tahay inaad ogtahay waxa digniinaha kala duwan ay la macno yihiin, waxaad aadi kartaa Comodo firewall.

Akhri^(Read) : Sida loo helo WiFi lacag la'aan meel kasta^{(How to get free WiFi anywhere)} oo ku saabsan laptop ama telefoonka.

8] Isha Ku Hay Goobaha Galitaanka

Meelaha laga galo waa meelaha uu kombuyuutarku u isticmaalo in lagu xidho internetka^(Internet) . Xaaladaha ay shabakadaha kala duwani is dulsaaran yihiin, waxaad arki kartaa meelo kala duwan oo laga galo. Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato haddii aad ku xidhayso midka saxda ah - si aanay xogtaadu ugu socon shabakad aan la garanayn. Haddii aad isticmaalayso Windows 10/8/7 , nidaamka qalliinka ayaa ku ogeysiinaya isla marka uu helo shabakad cusub - isagoo ku weydiinaya haddii aad rabto inaad isticmaasho oo magacow. Haddii aad taqaanid shabakadda, waad magacaabi kartaa oo u dejin kartaa qayb ka hor intaadan isticmaalin. Haddii aadan aqoon shabakada, waad iska indha tiri kartaa. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inaadan ka welwelin haddii aad isticmaalayso Windows 7 ama noocyada ka sarreeya ee Windows. Haddii ay dhacdo in aad isticmaalayso qaar ka mid ah nidaamka qalliinka, fadlan tixraac dukumentiyada si aad u ogaato waxa ku saabsan meelaha gelitaanka.

9] Dami daabacaha & Wadaagista faylka

Kooxda - Home^(Homegroups) ee Daaqadaha^(Windows) , Daabacaha^(Printer) iyo Wadaagista Faylka^{(File Sharing)} ayaa si caadi ah u daaran. Haddii aad joogto meel dadweyne ah, waa in aad joojisaa daabacaha^(Printer) iyo wadaagga faylka^{(File Sharing)} . Tani waxaad samayn kartaa adiga oo dooranaya Shabakadda Dadweynaha^{(Public Network)} marka laguu sheego inaad ku darto barta Wi-Fi ee liiska shabakadaha wirelesska. Haddii aadan helin sanduuqa wada-hadalka oo ku weydiinaya inaad xaqiijiso inaad rabto inaad geliso shabakada cusub ee guriga^(Home) ama kooxda dadweynaha^(Public) , waxaad gacanta ku hubin kartaa oo aad dami kartaa Wadaagista ^{(Printer Sharing)}Faylka^(File) iyo daabacaha .

1. Gudaha Windows 10/8/7 , Furo Control Panel^{(Open Control Panel)}
2. Guji Shabakadda iyo Internetka
3. Guji Xarunta Shabakadda iyo Wadaagga
4. Shaxda bidix, dhagsii Beddel Xulashada Wadaagista Sare^{(Change Advanced Sharing)}
5. Haddii aad aragto Faylka iyo Wadaagista Daabacaadda^{(Printer Sharing)} waa daaran tahay, dhagsii si aad u damiso

10] Caadooyinka baarista badbaadada leh

Sidii hore loo sheegay, isticmaal browser-yada si aad u hubiso iimaylkaga iyo hawlaha kale. Browser-yadu waxay yareeyaan khatarta xatooyada xogta iyagoo siinaya xiriir qarsoodi ah oo ka dhexeeya kumbuyuutarkaaga iyo adeegayaasha adeeg bixiyayaasha. Inta badan mareegaha waxay la yimaadaan ikhtiyaar HTTPS , waana inaad ka dhigtaa caado inaad isticmaasho noocyada mareegaha ee sugan.

11] Isticmaal Nabadgelyo Dheeraad ah^{(Use Additional Security)} haddii la heli karo^(Available)

Waa inaadan helin adeegyada bangiyada iyo hay'adaha kale ee maaliyadeed inta aad joogto goob dadweyne. Haddii ay degdeg tahay, tixgeli tillaabooyinka amniga ee bangiyadaagu bixiyaan. Bangiyada qaarkood ayaa kuu soo dira PIN -ka talefannada gacanta ee aad u baahan tahay inaad geliso ka hor inta aanad internetka ka gelin akoonnadaada. Fiiri dhammaan xulashooyinka ammaan ee la heli karo ka hor si aadan ammaan la'aan hadhow kuugu xayiran.

Ugu dambeyntiina, xasuuso inaad damiso Wi-Fi-gaaga marka aadan isticmaalin.^{(And finally, remember to turn off your Wi-Fi when you do not use it.)}

Kuwani waxay ahaayeen qaar ka mid ah talooyinka isticmaalka Wi-Fi ee sugan. Hadda arag sida loo hagaajiyo dayacanka Shabakadda Wi-Fi Dadweynaha iyo Guriga . Haddii aad hayso wax dheeraad ah, fadlan ku dhaaf qaybta faallooyinka, waxaana laga yaabaa inaan ku darno maqaalka.

WiFi Security Tips: Precautions To Take At Public Hotspots

Coffee shops, airports, hotel lounge – you can connect to the Internet from any place that provides you a hotspot. More than helping you out, such Wi-Fi hоtspots help snoopers in accessіng your data.

The dangers of using a public Wi-Fi hotspot are many. Here are some tips for Wi-Fi security so that you can continue enjoying the Internet without having to fear much. The article assumes you are using the latest Windows operating system and a good security software installed. The methods discussed, however, apply to any operating system with similar facilities.

WiFi Security Tips

Some suggestions you should follow to stay protected and secure when using a public hotspot:

1. Change to Public Network
2. Connect To Secure Network If Available
3. Disable Your Wi-Fi Adaptor When Not Using The Computer
4. Use Secured Pages (HTTPS)
5. Use VPN
6. Consider Encryption
7. Keep Your Firewall Active
8. Keep An Eye On Access Points
9. Turn OFF Printer & File Sharing
10. Safe Browsing Habits
11. Use Additional Security If Available.

1] Change to Public Network

When you change the current network setting from Home or Work to Public, file sharing is disabled as is the printer sharing. This prevents your data from showing up on other computers that are probably searching for an open hard disk.

To set the network to Public, click on the network icon in the system tray. Then click on the Open Network and Sharing Center. In the dialog box that appears, check under Network to see if the network is already public. The icon for Public is a park bench while for a Home network, it is a home icon. If it is home or work, click on it and from the resultant dialog box, select public network.

2] Connect To Secure Network If Available

With the increase is skepticism in using Wi-Fi hotspots, more and more companies – including hotels and coffee shops – are offering secure networks. Check for secure networks in the list of available networks. If you are in a hotel, the management might provide you with a password so that you can use a secure network.

As far as possible, connect to secure networks. Keep in mind that not every entity will give you the security option. To know if a network is secure, click on the network icon in the system tray. Hover mouse cursor over each connection to know if a network is secure and if yes, the type of security used.

Remember WPA2 is better than WPA. Similarly, WPA is better than WEP.

Unsecured networks should be avoided to the extent possible. Of course, if there is not a secure network, you may want to use the insecure one but then, work using browsers as it will reduce the threats to some extent.

Read: How hackers can steal passwords over WiFi.

3] Disable Your Wi-Fi Adaptor When Not Using The Computer

Many devices today come with a hardware switch to turn on or off the wireless adaptor. Since you are not using the hotspot, there is no sense it keeping the computer connected to the network. People may hack into the computer and steal your data. It is advised that once you are finished with your work, turn off the adaptor if not the computer.

If you can’t see the Wi-Fi Adaptor, you can follow these steps:

1. Press Windows Key + Break Key
2. In the window that appears, click on Device Manager
3. In the Device Manager window that appears, click on Network Adapters to expand the list of adapters on your computer
4. Right-click on Wireless Adaptor and select Disable.
5. Click [x] button on the top of the window to close Device Manager window

 

4] Use Secured Pages (HTTPS)

While using webmail pages, try to enter https instead of HTTP. This will make sure that your login information is encrypted and not exposed to the wireless network. Social networks also have the option of providing you with https pages so that you can use secured-encrypted pages instead of normal ones that are not encrypted. For example, when using Twitter, use https://twitter.com/compose.aspx instead of http://twitter.com/compose.aspx. Your data would be safer this way.

In the case of webmail, however, they provide https only for the login page and not for the other pages that let you compose emails and view emails. You can see if the option is available by prefixing https to the URL in the address bar. If you get a 404 error, the encrypted page does not exist. In such cases, it is advised you use some sort of encrypted network over the hotspot.

Read: Wi-Fi security when Traveling.

5] Get a VPN

VPN is not the safest option but it does safeguard your data from prying eyes effectively. It also depends on the type of VPN software you are using. There are both regular and cloud-based VPNs available that help you connect without having to worry about using your email client at Wi-Fi hotspots.

One of the best cloud-based VPNs is Hotspot VPN. When you sign up with them, they create a virtual tunnel between your computer and their secure servers. The only thing you may not like while having to go for VPNs is their costs. With the improvements in the cloud sector, I am expecting further flexibility in VPN services with relative costs going down. SpotFlux allows you to create a tunnel between SpotFlux servers and your computer so that data can transfer securely. You can read the entire review of SpotFlux.

Read: How to generate a WiFi History or WLAN Report.

6] Consider Encryption

There are several open-source software that can encrypt your files as well as entire hard disks. I suggest TrueCrypt, a free software that encrypts your entire hard drive so that none can access it without breaking your password. So if you are using encryption, use a good one, create a good password and do NOT forget the password else it will be trouble decrypting. BitLocker comes with Windows 7/8/10 and provides encryption to each of your hard drives and partitions. You may set up BitLocker to decrypt the drives automatically or using a key. Here is an article explaining Bitlocker in Windows.

Read: What are FragAttacks? How to secure your WiFi against FragAttacks?

7] Keep Your Firewall Active

You get a free firewall when you install Windows OS. By default, the Windows firewall is active and protecting your data. If you are using Windows 10/8/7, this firewall should be sufficient to create a layer of protection for your data. If you are using any other operating system or a Windows version before Vista, you can download and install either ZoneAlarm or Comodo firewalls. Both are good and free to use. I recommend ZoneAlarm if you are not much into computer terminology and if you are confident of knowing what different alerts would mean, you can go for the Comodo firewall.

Read: How to get free WiFi anywhere on a laptop or phone.

8] Keep An Eye On Access Points

Access points are the points that your computer uses to connect to the Internet. In cases where different networks are overlapping, you may see different access points. You need to know if you are connecting to the correct one – so that your data does not travel on an unknown network. If you are using Windows 10/8/7, the operating system alerts you as soon as it finds a new network – asking you if you wish to use and name it. If you know the network, you can name it and set a category for it before using it. If you do not know the network, you can disregard it. This means that you do not have to worry if you are using Windows 7 or higher versions of Windows. In case you are using some other operating system, please refer to its documentation to know about detecting access points.

9] Turn OFF Printer & File Sharing

For Homegroups on Windows, Printer and File Sharing is turned ON by default. If you are at a public place, you should disable the Printer and File Sharing. This you can do by selecting Public Network when you are prompted to add the Wi-Fi hotspot to your list of wireless networks. If you did not get that dialog box asking you to confirm whether you wish to place the new network into Home or Public group, you could manually check and disable File and Printer Sharing.

1. In Windows 10/8/7, Open Control Panel
2. Click Network and Internet
3. Click Network and Sharing Center
4. In the left pane, click Change Advanced Sharing Options
5. If you see File and Printer Sharing is ON, click to turn it OFF

10] Safe Browsing Habits

As said earlier, use browsers to check your email and other tasks. Browsers reduce the data theft risk by providing an encrypted connection between your computer and service providers’ servers. Most of the websites come with HTTPS option, and you should make it a habit to use the secure versions of websites.

11] Use Additional Security If Available

You should not access banking services and other financial institutions while at a public spot. If it is urgent, consider the security measures offered by your banks. Some banks send the PIN to your cell phones that you need to enter before you can access your accounts online. See what all security options are available beforehand so that you are not stuck without security later.

And finally, remember to turn off your Wi-Fi when you do not use it.

These were some tips for secure Wi-Fi usage. Now see how to fix Public and Home Wi-Fi Network vulnerabilities. If you have any more, please leave it in the comments section, and we may add it to the article.

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