Iyadoo kombuyuutarradu ay fududeeyaan shaqadayada, waxay dadka kale wax badan uga sheegi karaan isticmaalkooda. Waxa ku jiri kara asxaabta, saaxiibada wadaaga kombayutarka, iyo xataa haakariska. Ha ahaato^(Whether) khadka tooska ah ama khadka tooska ah, kombuyuutarku waxay siin karaan macluumaadka kuwa kale. Maqaalkani waxa uu damacsan yahay inuu bixiyo qaar ka mid ah talooyinka xisaabinta badbaadada ee dhammaan - gaar ahaan waayeelka iyo dadka cusub ee xisaabinta.

Talooyin Xisaabinta Badbaadada ah

1 Isticmaal anti-virus waxtar leh

Aad bay u fududahay inaad qaaddo haddii aadan haysan antivirus wanaagsan ama Internet Security Suite kombayutarka^{(Internet Security Suite)} Windows ,^(Windows) gaar ahaan haddii aad booqato internetka^(Internet) . Si aad badbaado u ahaato, isticmaal antivirus ka kaa ilaalinaya koodka xaasidnimada leh. Waxaa jira ka hortagyo badan oo agagaarka ah. Qaarkood waa bilaash, qaarna waa lacag. Wax kasta oo aad doorato, hubi inay si sax ah u shaqeeyaan.

Antivirus-ku waa inuu bixiyaa ka-hortagga fayraska oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale noocyada kale ee malware sida adware, spyware, iwm.

Inta badan barnaamijyada antivirus waxay^{(antivirus programs)} sheeganayaan inay bixiyaan ilaalin dhan walba ah. Laakin xasuusnoow in aysan jirin wax la yiraahdo ilaalinta 100% marka ay timaado internetka^(Internet) . Taasi waa sababta aad ugu baahan tahay safka labaad ee difaaca sidoo kale. Marka lagu daro antivirus-ka-waqtiga dhabta ah, sii wad baaritaanada la qorsheeyay ee anti-malware-kaaga, oo isticmaal iskaanka fayraska onlaynka ah^{(online antivirus scanners)} ama sawir -qaade ra'yi labaad ah^{(second-opinion scanner)} marmar.

2. Isticmaal Firewall wanaagsan

Sidoo kale Antivirus-ku wuxuu ka ilaaliyaa kombiyuutarkaaga fayraska, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka ilaaliso tuugada. Waa inaad u isticmaashaa dab-damis habboon ujeedadan. Dab-damiska waa hardware ama software ka dhigaya kombayutarkaga inuu ka waayo internetka^(Internet) . Waxay la mid tahay ka shaqaynta gidaarka gadaashiisa oo aan la arki karin oo ilaalinaya kombayutarkaga.

Haddii aad isticmaalayso Windows 7 ama 8, firewall-ka ku jira nidaamka hawlgalka ayaa ku filan. Fadlan akhri maqaalkeena ku saabsan sida loo habeeyo Windows Firewall gudaha Windows^{(how to configure the Windows Firewall in Windows)} . Haddii aad rabto, waxaad isticmaali kartaa firewall-ka dhinac saddexaad. Qof kastaa kuma qanacsana Windows -ka ku dhex jira dab-damiska. Intarneetka^(Internet) waxaa laga heli karaa dab-damis bilaash ah iyo mid lacag ah labadaba . Fiiri liiskayada dab- damiska bilaashka ah ee ugu fiican^{(list of best free firewalls)} Naadiga Windows.

Haddii aad isticmaasho router caadi ah, waxaan kugula talin lahaa in aad shido firewall-ka gudaha router sidoo kale. Ku dhawaad^(Almost) dhammaan router-yada waxay wataan hardware ama firmware firewall. Waxaad shidi kartaa adiga oo galaya bogga qaabeynta ee router-ka. Ciwaanka bogga gelitaanka ee router-yada badankood waa 192.168.1.1. Kahor intaadan isbedel samayn, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad kaydiso goobaha jira haddii aad rabto inaad beddesho goobaha kale, sida DNS , iwm.

DNS wanaagsan ayaa kaa ilaalin doona shabakadaha xaasidnimada leh. Waxaa jira DNS badan oo labaduba aad u dheereeya oo bixiya ilaalin sidoo kale. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa Comodo DNS ama DNS kasta oo kale oo aad doorbidayso.

3. Nadiifi Taariikhda Si joogto ah

Barowsarku waxa uu ku siin karaa macluumaadka ku saabsan boggaga aad booqanayso waxana ay khatar weyn ku noqon karaan sirtaada. Si looga hortago in lagugu qabto ama aad uga fogaato dadka kale inay ogaadaan waxaad ka samaynaysay browserka ama interneedka^(Internet) , xasuusnoow inaad nadiifiso taariikhda ka dib markaad dhammayso baadhista. Waxaa jira dookhyo lagu nadiifiyo taariikhda, kaydka, iyo cookies browser kasta oo aad isticmaasho. Qaar ka mid ah daalacashada sida TOR iwm wax macluumaad ah kuma kaydiyaan gudaha. Waad isticmaali kartaa haddii aad dhab ka tahay arrimahaaga gaarka ah. Browser-yada sida TOR^{(Browsers like TOR )} ma ogola xitaa shabakadaha in ay qiyaasaan halka aad ku taal.

Haddii kale, waxaad isticmaali kartaa nadiifiyaha qashinka ah ee qolo saddexaad^{(third-party computer junk cleaner)} si aad u nadiifiso taariikhda, cookies, cache, faylasha ku meel gaadhka ah, iyo diiwaanka. Isticmaalka nadiifiyaha qolo saddexaad waxay xaqiijinaysaa in taariikhda laga tirtiray dhammaan daalacashada aad ku leedahay mishiinka aad isticmaashay.

4. Ha cusboonaysiiyo nidaamka qalliinka ee Windows & rakibay software

Nidaamka hawlgalka waa inuu had iyo jeer la socdaa dhejisyo iyo cusbooneysiin si gebi ahaanba loo ilaaliyo. Horumarinta Windows -ku waxay aqoonsadaan arrimaha waqti ka waqti waxayna soo saaraan dhejisyo Talaadada^(Tuesday) labaad ee bisha kasta. Waa inaad rakibtaa cusbooneysiintaas. Si aad u hubiso inaadan ka maqnaan wararka cusub, waxa fiican inaad shid Windows Updates^{(Turn on Windows Updates)} oo aad doorato ikhtiyaarka aad si toos ah u cusbooneysiinayso. Waxaad dejin kartaa guryahan adigoo isticmaalaya ikhtiyaarka Cusbooneysiinta ^(Updates)Windows ee ku jira ^(Windows) Control Panel ee nidaamka hawlgalka Windows . Waxa kale oo jira dhawr qof oo saddexaad oo casriyeyn software^{(software update checker )}Barnaamijyada diyaarka ah ee sii wada hubinta noocyada la cusboonaysiiyay ee software-ka lagu rakibay kombiyuutarkaaga.

5. Badbaadada markaad wax baadhayso

Si aad badbaado ugu ahaato markaad wax baadhayso, had iyo jeer way fiican tahay inaad isticmaasho Shabakadda Gaarka ah ee Virtual^{(Virtual Private Network)} . Tani waxay abuureysaa tunnel sir ah oo u dhexeeya kombiyuutarkaaga iyo barta dhexe ee VPN-ka oo aad ka baadho internetka^(Internet) . Waxaa jira VPN-yo lacag-la'aan ah iyo kuwo la bixiyo labadaba^(VPNs) . Waxaad isticmaali kartaa Spotflux , tusaale ahaan. Waxaa jira VPN-yo^(VPNs) badan oo la heli karo. Fiiri qaar ka mid ah barnaamijyada VPN ee bilaashka ah ee ugu fiican ee laga heli karo internetka^(Internet) . Baro sida Looga Joogo Badbaadada onlaynka & ilaalinta macluumaadka gaarka ah markaad baadhayso

6. Ha ku dhicin isku dayga phishing

Had iyo jeer ogow waxaad samaynayso markaad kombayutarka saaran tahay. Waxaa jira kuwo badan oo doonaya inay adiga ama macluumaadkaaga u adeegsadaan dano gaar ah. Waxay isku dayi doonaan inay kula soo xiriiraan iimaylo, foomamka mareegaha, iyo hababka kale ee isgaarsiinta. Waxay ku weydiin doonaan macluumaadkaaga beddelka wax faa'iido leh. Ha ku dhicin khayaanada. Haddii aad hesho iimaylo sheegaya inaad ku guulaysatay bakhtiyaanasiib, oo aad ogtahay inaadan iibsan wax bakhtiyaanasiib ah, waxa fiican inaad iska indhatirto iimaylada noocaas ah. Iimeyllada phishingka iyo weerarada ayaa ah ilaha ugu muhiimsan ee lagu xado macluumaadka hadhow loo isticmaalo xatooyada aqoonsiga. Baro sida loo aqoonsado phishingka^{(how to identify phishing)} .

7. Wax ka ogow injineernimada bulshada

Mararka qaarkood dadka saaxiibada iska dhigaya waxay isku dayaan inay ka kalluumaystaan macluumaadka adiga kugu saabsan ama ururkaaga. Haddii qof uu aad u saaxiibo oo uu xiisaynayo macluumaadka waa inaadan wadaagin, ka digtoonow. Waxay noqon kartaa weerar injineer bulsho^{(social engineering attack)} . Dadku waxay kuula saaxiibaan si ay u helaan macluumaadka ay dadka kale ka iibiyaan ama ay iskood u isticmaalaan. Inta badan, waa xog urureed oo ay xiisaynayaan. Waxa laga yaabaa inay ku weydiiyaan fadli aad u fiirsato kaydadka xogta oo aad siiso macluumaad. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku jiraan shabakadaha bulshada ama xitaa qof ahaan. Ka fogow dadka noocaas ah.

8. Quful kumbuyuutarka marka aanad isticmaalin

Mid ka mid ah caadooyinka xisaabinta badbaadada leh ee ugu wanaagsan ee lagu kobciyo waa in shaashadda kumbuyuutarka lagu xiro erayga sirta ah marka aadan joogin. Si dhib yar ayay qaadanaysaa. Kaliya waa inaad riixdaa WinKey+L si aad u xirto kombiyuutarka. Tani waxay dadka kale ka ilaalinaysaa inay ku dhex dhuuntaan kombayutaradaada marka aanad ag joogin.

9. Ka digtoonow markaad gujinayso xiriiriyeyaasha la gaabiyay

Baraha bulshadu^(Social) waxay kor u qaadeen xidhiidhyo gaagaaban. Xiriirintan gaagaaban inta badan ma ahan kuwo ammaan ah. Haddii uu qof kuu soo diro xiriir la'aan ama haddii xiriirka ay soo diraan ilo aan la aamini karin, ha gujin. Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa adeegyada dhinac saddexaad si aad u ogaato halka xidhiidhku u socdo - ka hor intaadan gujin. Mid ka mid ah adeegga fidinta URL gaaban^{(Short URL Expander)} ee noocaas ah waa wheredoesthislinkgo.com .

10. Isticmaal baraha bulshada si badbaado leh

^(Social)Goobaha bulshadu waa madadaalo… waana khatar. In kastoo loogu talagalay in ay wadaagaan macluumaadka, la wadaag kaliya inta loo baahan yahay. Wadaagista xad dhaafka ah waxay u horseedi kartaa tuugo, xatooyo aqoonsiga, dalacsiin taban, iwm. Maskaxdaada xakameyso markaad ku raaxaysato boggagaas. Isticmaal^(Use) luqad hufan. Isku day in aad ka fogaato baraha bulshada marka aad dareento si aadan u soo dhigin wax hadhow kaa shalaayn kara. Xasuusnoow in dadku ay kaa raadiyaan baraha bulshada marka ay u baahan yihiin macluumaadka adiga kugu saabsan. Markaa waa in aad ka taxadirtaa sida aad halkaas ugu qorshayso.

Hadda akhri: ^{(Now read:)} 5 arrimood oo caafimaad, in ka badan 40 isticmaalayaasha kombuyuutarku waa inay ogaadaan^{(5 health issues, every over 40 computer users should be aware of)} .

Safe Computing Tips, Practices and Habits for Windows users

While computers make our work easiеr, they can tell others a lot about its users. They could include colleаgues, friеnds who share the computer, and evеn hackers. Whether onlіne or offlіne, cоmputers can give away infоrmation to others. This article intends to offer some safe computing tips for all – especially the seniors and the nеw-to-computing crowd.

Safe Computing Tips

1 Use an effective antivirus

It is very easy to get infected if you do not have a good antivirus or an Internet Security Suite on your Windows computer, especially if you visit the Internet. To stay safe, use an antivirus that provides you protection against malicious code. There are many antiviruses around. Some of them are free and some are paid. Whatever you choose, make sure it works properly.

An antivirus should offer protection not only against the virus but also from other forms of malware such as adware, spyware, etc.

Most antivirus programs claim to provide all-around protection. But remember that there is nothing called 100% protection when it comes to the Internet. That is why you need a second line of defense as well. In addition to a real-time antivirus, keep running scheduled scans of your anti-malware, and use online antivirus scanners or a second-opinion scanner occasionally.

2. Use a good Firewall

As well as an antivirus protects your computer from viruses, you need protection from hackers. You have to use a proper firewall for this purpose. A firewall is hardware or software that makes your computer disappear from the Internet. It would be like working from behind an invisible wall that secures your computer.

If you are using Windows 7 or 8, the firewall in the operating system is good enough. Please read our article on how to configure the Windows Firewall in Windows. If you want, you can use a third-party firewall. Not everyone is comfortable with Windows built-in firewall. There are both free and paid firewalls available on the Internet. Check out our list of best free firewalls on The Windows Club.

If you use a normal router, I would recommend you to turn on the firewall inside the router also. Almost all routers come with a hardware or firmware firewall. You can turn it on by logging into the configuration page of the router. The address of the login page of most routers is 192.168.1.1. Before making changes, you may want to back up existing settings in case you wish to change other settings too, such as DNS, etc.

A good DNS will protect you against malicious websites. There are many DNS that are both fast and provide protection as well. You can use Comodo DNS or any other DNS that you prefer.

3. Clean History Regularly

A browser can give away information about what sites you are visiting and can be a serious threat to your privacy. To prevent getting caught or to avoid others from knowing what you were doing on the browser or the Internet, remember to clean history after you are done with the browsing. There are options to clean history, cache, and cookies in every browser you use. Some browsers like TOR etc do not store any information locally. You can use them if you are very serious about your privacy. Browsers like TOR would not let even the websites guess where you are located.

Alternatively, you can use a third-party computer junk cleaner to clear the history, cookies, cache, temporary files, and registry. Using a third-party cleaner would ensure that history is erased from all browsers you have on the machine you used.

4. Keep Windows operating system & installed software updated

An operating system should always be up to date with patches and updates so that it is completely protected. Developers of Windows identify issues from time to time and issue patches every second Tuesday of the month. You should install those updates. To make sure you do not miss out on updates, it is better to Turn on Windows Updates and choose the option to update automatically. You can set these properties using the Windows Updates option in Control Panel in Windows operating system. There are also several third-party software update checker programs available that keep on checking for updated versions of the software installed on your computer.

5. Stay safe while browsing

To stay safe while browsing, it is always better to use a Virtual Private Network. This creates an encrypted tunnel between your computer and the VPN’s central point from where you get to browse the Internet. There are both free and paid VPNs. You can use Spotflux, for example. There are many VPNs available. Check out some of the best free VPN software available on the Internet. Learn how to Stay Safe Online & protect personal information while browsing.

6. Do not fall for Phishing attempts

Always know what you are doing when on the computer. There are many out there who want to use you or your information for personal gains. They will try to contact you via emails, forms on websites, and other modes of communication. They will ask you for your information in lieu of something lucrative. Do not fall for scams. If you get an email saying you won a lottery, and you know that you do not buy any lottery, it is better to ignore such emails. Phishing emails and attacks are the main sources for stealing information that is later used for identity theft. Learn how to identify phishing.

7. Know about Social Engineering

Sometimes people posing as friends try to fish out information from you – regarding you or about your organization. If someone is becoming too friendly and interested in information you shouldn’t share, beware. It could be a social engineering attack. People befriend you to obtain information that they sell to others or use themselves. In most cases, it is organizational information that they are interested in. They may ask you favors to look into databases and provide them with information. They may be on social networks or even in person. Stay away from such people.

8. Lock the computer when not using it

One of the best safe computing habits to cultivate is to lock the screen of the computer with a password when you are not at it. It hardly takes a moment. You just have to press WinKey+L to lock the computer. This prevents others from snooping into your computers when you are not around.

9. Be aware while clicking on shortened links

Social sites have promoted short links. These short links are not often safe. If anyone sends you a link without any context or if the link is sent by untrusted sources, do not click on it. You may also use third-party services to know where a link leads to – before you click it. One such Short URL Expander service is wheredoesthislinkgo.com.

10. Use Social sites safely

Social sites are fun… and risky. Though they are meant to share information, share only as much as is necessary. Oversharing can lead to burglary, identity thefts, negative promotions, etc. Keep your mind in control while having fun on such sites. Use decent language. Try to avoid social sites when emotional so that you do not post anything that may make you regret it later. Remember that people look up for you on social sites when they need information about you. So you should be careful about how you project yourself there.

Now read: 5 health issues, every over 40 computer users should be aware of.

Mckenna Parson

About the author

Waxaan ahay horumariye yaqaan iOS ah oo leh waayo-aragnimo ka badan laba iyo toban sano. Waxaan ka shaqeeyay labada aaladaha iPhone iyo iPad-ka, waxaanan garanayaa sida loo abuuro oo loo habeeyo abka aniga oo isticmaalaya tignoolajiyada Apple ee ugu dambeeyay. Marka lagu daro xirfadahayga horumariyaha aiOS, waxaan sidoo kale khibrad adag u leeyahay adeegsiga Adobe Photoshop iyo Illustrator, iyo sidoo kale horumarinta shabakada qaab-dhismeedka sida WordPress iyo Laravel.

Tilmaamaha Xisaabinta Badbaadada ah, Dhaqanka iyo Caadooyinka isticmaalayaasha Windows