Habka ugu wanaagsan ee aad naftaada uga badbaadin karto fayrasyada, malware-ka iyo spyware waa in aad isticmaasho mishiinka farsamada si aad uga baadho internetka halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd ^(Internet)Windows PC -gaaga caadiga ah . Haddaba waa maxay mashiinka farsamada? Asal ahaan waa nuqul buuxa oo Windows ah kaas oo ku dhex shaqeeya nuqul kale oo Windows ah oo loo yaqaan 'host'.

Nooca casriga ah ee Windows waa kaliya fayl weyn iyo software gaar ah oo ku shaqeeya kombayutarka Windows^(Windows) -gaaga (software ka-faa'iidaysiga) wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii kumbiyuutar been abuur ah si uu Windows u shaqeeyo. Wax kasta oo aad ku sameyso mashiinka farsamada ma saameyn doonto nidaamka hawlgalka martidaada. Markaa waxaad ku soo dejisan kartaa 10 fayraska mashiinka farsamada, nidaamkaaga hawlgalka ugu weyna wuu badbaadi doonaa.

Waxa fiican ee ku saabsan mishiinada farsamada waa inaad dib u dajin kartaa. Markaa haddii aad hesho fayras marka aad dhex baadhayso mishiinka farsamada, waxa aad si fudud dib ugu dajin kartaa mishiinkii dalwaddii sida caadiga ahayd marka ugu horraysa ee aad rakibto oo aad dib u bilowdo. Sidoo kale waa hab wanaagsan oo lagu kordhiyo sirtaada sababtoo ah waxaad si fudud u tirtiri kartaa wax kasta oo aad ku samaysay mashiinka farsamada.

Inta aynaan bilaabin, aynu ka hadalno shuruudaha. Waxaa jira qalabyo badan oo software-ka-macneynta ah oo halkaas ka jira sida VMWare , Parallels , VirtualBox , iwm, laakiin waxaan ku sii socon doonaa kaliya software Microsoft  . Si ay tani u shaqeyso, waxaad u baahan tahay laba shay:

1. Disk2VHD – Qalab bilaash ah oo ka yimid Microsoft kaas oo loo isticmaali doono in lagu beddelonidaamka hawlgalka Windows kasta ee ^(Windows)Windows XP iyo wixii ka dambeeya faylka mashiinka farsamada.
2. Windows 8.1 Pro ama Windows 10 Pro^{(Windows 8.1 Pro or Windows 10 Pro)} – Waxaad u baahan doontaa noocyada Pro ee labada Windows 8.1 ama Windows 10 si aad u dhamaystirto hawshan. Labada nidaamyada hawlgalka waxay leeyihiin qalab loo yaqaan Hyper-V oo loo isticmaali karo gelitaanka faylka farsamada ee uu abuuray Disk2VHD .

Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in inkasta oo aad isticmaali karto Windows XP , Vista iyo 7 sida mishiinka farsamada, waxa fiican haddii aad u rogi karto Windows 8.1 ama Windows 10 mashiinka sababtoo ah xalka ugu sarreeya ee Hyper-V uu ku taageerayo nidaamyada hawlgalka hore waa 1600. ×1200. Runtii waa wax laga xumaado mana garanayo sababta Microsoft aysan weli isku dhibin inay arrintan xaliso. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa kaliya oo ay dhib ku tahay kuwa leh kormeerayaasha xallinta sare leh.

U beddelo OS Windows VHD

Aan ku bilowno qaybta fudud: u beddelka noocaada hadda ee Windows -ka oo u beddelo mashiinka farsamada ( VHD ama VHDX file). Si tan loo sameeyo, soo deji qalabka Disk2VHD ee kor ku xusan oo socodsii faylka EXE .

Markaad socodsiiso, waxaad arki doontaa shaashad la mid ah kan sare. Runtii ma jiraan wax badan oo ay tahay inaad halkan ku sameyso oo aan ka ahayn inaad doorato meesha aad rabto inaad ku kaydiso faylka VHDX iyo mugga aad rabto inaad ku darto.

Haddii aad haysato darawal adag oo weyn, waxaad u ogolaan kartaa inuu kaydiyo faylka isla qaybta Windows . Haddaysan ahayn, dooro meel kale sida darawalka labaad ee adag ama USB-ga^(USB) adag ee dibadda. Sida caadiga ah, waxay dooran doontaa dhammaan mugga uu ka helo kombuyuutarkaaga, kuwaas oo laga yaabo inaadan rabin inaad dhab ahaantii rabto.

Xaaladeyda, waxaan haystaa dhowr qalab oo adag oo ku xiran kombiyuutarka, markaa waxaan rabaa oo kaliya in aan doorto mugga C:, oo cabbirkiisu yahay 37.26 GB. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaad dooneysaa inaad hubiso inaad doorato mugga kale ee la sameeyay markii aad rakibtay Windows , oo ay u badan tahay mugga Boot iyo mugga Kaydinta Nidaamka^{( System Reserved)} . Kuwani badanaa runtii waa yar yihiin: xaaladdeyda, mugga Kaydinta Nidaamka^{(System Reserved)} waa 34 MB oo keliya iyo mugga kale, oo aan lahayn calaamad, waa 322.08 MB oo keliya.

Aad bay muhiim u tahay inaad doorato kuwan kale marka lagu daro mugga weyn ee Windows sababtoo ah haddii aadan samayn, nidaamka hawlgalka ma kici doono marka aad ku shubto Hyper-V . Taa baddalkeeda, waxaad heli doontaa fariinta Ku guul dareysiga Bootka^{(Boot Failure)} ! Tani waa sababta oo ah labada qaybood ee dheeraadka ah waxay sheegaan nidaamka halka uu Windows ku yaal iyo sida loo furo.

Waxay u badan tahay inay qaadato wakhti si loo abuuro faylka VHDX iyadoo ku xidhan inta ay la egtahay qaybtaada Windows. Marka la dhammeeyo, waxaad heli doontaa hal fayl oo runtii weyn iyo laba fayl oo yaryar.

Ku rakib Hyper-V gudaha Windows 8.1/10

Marka xigta, waa inaan ku rakibnaa qalabka Hyper-V ee Windows 8.1 ama Windows 10 Pro . Haddii aad haysato daabacaadyada Guriga^(Home) , waa inaad u cusboonaysiisaa Pro ka hor intaadan rakibin Hyper-V. Guji ^{(Hyper-V. Click)}Start oo ku qor sifooyinka daaqadaha^{(windows features)} .

Xagga sare, dhagsii Daar ama dami astaamaha Windows^{( Turn Windows features on or off)} . Daaqad ayaa kuu soo baxaysa meesha aad ka hubin karto alaabta dheeraadka ah ee aad rabto inaad ku rakibto. Horey u soco oo calaamadee sanduuqa Hyper-V . Waa inay si toos ah u hubisaa sanduuqyada Qalabka Maareynta^{(Hyper-V Management Tools)} Hyper-V iyo Hyper-V Platform sidoo kale.

Guji OK^{(Click OK)} oo u ogolow Windows inay rakibto sifooyinka. Waxa kale oo aad u baahan doontaa in aad dib u bilowdo kombiyuutarkaaga. Markaad dib u soo celiso, dhagsii Start , All Apps ka dibna hoos ugu dhaadhac Tools Maamulka Windows^{(Windows Administrative Tools)} . Waa inaad aragto Maareeyaha Hyper-V oo^{(Hyper-V Manager)} halkaas ku taxan. Waxaad sidoo kale riix kartaa Start oo ku qor Hyper-V si aad u raadiso.

Habaynta Hyper-V

Hadda qaybta madadaalada ah! Aan ku bilowno Hyper-V. Hore u soco^{(Hyper-V. Go)} oo fur Maareeyaha Hyper-V^{(Hyper-V Manager)} oo waxaad arki doontaa goob shaqo oo banaan.

Dhanka bidix waxaa ku yaal server-ka, kaas oo noqon doona magaca kombiyuutarkaaga. Qeybta dhexe waxaa ku yaal liiska mashiinnada farsamada iyo isbaarooyinka. Dhanka midig, waxaad leedahay menu firfircoon oo isbedelaya iyadoo ku xiran waxa lagu doortay qaybaha gacanta bidix. Si aad u bilowdo, dooro magaca kombiyuutarka ee bidixda fog.

Hadda dhinaca midigta, dhagsii New ka dibna Mashiinka Farshaxanka^{(Virtual Machine)} . Tani waxay keeni doontaa saaxir mashiinka farsamada ee cusub. Talaabada ugu horeysa waa in aad magac u bixisid mashiinkaaga farsamada.

Marka xigta, waa inaad doorataa jiilka mashiinka farsamada. Haddii aad u beddelayso nooca 64-bit ee Windows mashiinka farsamada iyo qalabka kombuyuutarku taageerayo UEFI , sii wad oo dooro Generation 2 , maadaama ay taasi u oggolaanayso sifooyin horumarsan. U isticmaal Generation 1 noocyada 32-bit ee Windows ama haddii mashiinkaagu isticmaalayo BIOS dhaxalka ah . Jiilka 2^{(Generation 2)} sidoo kale wuxuu taageeraa bandhigyada shaashadaha ballaaran marka la tarjumo  Windows 8.1 ama Windows 10.

Haddii aadan wax fikrad ah ka haysan waxa ay taasi macnaheedu tahay, kaliya dooro Jiilka 1^{(Generation 1)} si aad u ahaato dhinaca nabdoon. Ogsoonow in haddii mashiinka dalwaddu uu ku guuldareysto inuu bootiyo, waxaad si fudud u tirtiri kartaa oo dib u bilaabi kartaa habkan mar kale. Dooro jiil kala duwan oo arag haddii ay si fiican u kabaha u korto. Tirtiridda mashiinka farsamada gudaha Hyper-V ma tirtirto feylashaagii asalka ahaa ee VHDX .

Shaashada xigta, waa inaad doorataa qaddarka xusuusta aad rabto inaad ku meelayso mashiinkaaga farsamada. Waxaan uga tagay qiimaha caadiga ah ee 1024 MB, laakiin waad kordhin kartaa haddii aad haysato RAM kugu filan mashiinkaaga martida loo yahay.

Horey u soco oo ka bood Shaashada Isku xidhka Isku xidhka^{( Configure Networking)} hadda sababtoo ah waa inaan taas samaynaa mar dambe. Hadda, kaliya kaga tag meesha aan ku xidhnayn^{(Not Connected)} . Shaashadda ku xidhidhiyaha Hard Disk^{(Connect Virtual Hard Disk)} -ga, waxa aad u baahantahay in aad dooratid Isticmaal disk adag oo jira^{(Use an existing virtual hard disk)} .

Guji badhanka Browse oo dooro sawirka ^(Browse)VHDX ee u taagan qaybtaada dhabta ah ee Windows . Tani waa inay noqotaa faylka VHDX ee ugu weyn . Waa inaan gacanta ku darnaa labada kale ee VHDX ka dib saaxiraha, kaas oo aan muujin doono hoos. Halkaa marka ay marayso, dib u eeg kooban oo guji dhame^(Finish) .

Hadda waa inaad aragto shay cusub oo ku hoos qoran Mashiinnada Virtual^{( Virtual Machines)} . Haddii aad tan gujiso, waxaad sidoo kale ku arki doontaa dhawr doorasho oo badan oo ku jira muraayadda gacanta midig sidoo kale.

Si aad u bilowdo mashiinka farsamada, dooro ka dibna ku dhufo Start . Tiirka Gobolku^(State) wuxuu isu bedeli doonaa socodsiinta^(Running) . Marka xigta si aad u aragto mashiinka farsamada, dhagsii Connect . Haddii aad tan hadda samaysay, waxaad arki doontaa fariinta qaladka ah ee aan ku soo sheegay bilawga maqaalka: Boot failure . Waxaan weli u baahanahay inaan ku darno kuwa kale ee adag.

Dooro mashiinka farsamada oo guji Demi^{( Turn Off)} . Kadib dhagsii isku xirka Settings . Dhinaca bidixda, waa inaad ku aragtaa IDE Controller 0 iyo IDE Controller 1 . Guji Controller 0 marka hore. Haddii aad doorato Jiilka 2^{(Generation 2)} , waxaad arki doontaa SCSI Controller kaliya.

Waxaad arki doontaa in feylkii ugu horreeyay ee VHDX ee aan ku darnay saaxirku uu horeyba u taxay. Hadda waa inaan ku darnaa faylasha labaad iyo saddexaad. Hubi^(Make) in Hard Drive -ku la doortay kadibna dhagsii ku dar^(Add) .

Sanduuqa Goobta^(Location) waa inuu si toos ah u doortaa 1 mar haddii booska 0 uu qaatay faylkayaga VHDX^(VHDX) ee ugu horreeya . Xakamaynta IDE^{(IDE Controller)} kasta waxa uu leeyahay laba boos oo keliya oo diyaar u ah in lagu daro darawallada. Guji ^(Click) Hard Disk-ga Virtual^{(Virtual hard disk)} oo dooro faylkaaga labaad ee VHDX.

Hadda dhagsii IDE Controller 1 ka dibna dhagsii badhanka ku dar^(Add) mar labaad. Wax la mid ah ku samee halkan, laakiin dooro faylkaaga VHDX saddexaad .

Hadda oo aan haysano dhammaan saddexda faylal ee VHDX , waxaan gujin karnaa OK oo waxaan bilaabi karnaa mashiinka farsamada gacanta. Markan waa in aad rajaynaysaa in aad hesho shaashad leh Windows loading!

Habee isku xidhka

Ugu dambeyntiina, waxaan u baahanahay inaan dejino isku xirka mashiinka farsamada si aad ugu xirto shabakada deegaanka iyo internetka^(Internet) . Si tan loo sameeyo, dhagsii Maareeyaha Beddelka Virtual^{(Virtual Switch Manager)} ee xagga sare ee liiska gacanta midig.

Guji Shabakadda casriga ah ee cusub^{(New virtual network switch)} ka dibna ka dooro dibadda^(External) sanduuqa liiska. Ugu dambeyntii, dhagsii Create Virtual Switch .

Sii beddelkaaga casriga ah magac haddii aad rabto ka dibna ka dooro shabakadda saxda ah sanduuqa hoos u dhaca. Haddii aad haysato wax ka badan hal kaadh, dooro midka ku xidhan shabakada iyo internetka^(Internet) . Marka beddelkaaga la sameeyo, waxaan u baahanahay inaan u sheegno mashiinka farsamada inuu isticmaalo. Si taas loo sameeyo, dhagsii mashiinka farsamada ee ku jira maareeyaha Hyper-V ka dibna dhagsii isku xirka Settings ee shayga saxda ah.

Guji Adapter Network^{( Network Adapter)} ka dibna dooro beddelka cusub ee farsamada ee aad ku abuurtay talabadi hore. Waa kaas! Hadda marka aad bilowdo mashiinka farsamada gacanta, waa in ay helaan shabakad iyada oo loo marayo kombuyuutarka martida loo yahay.

Waxaan rajeyneynaa, maqaalkani wuxuu kaa caawinayaa inaad qaadato PC-gaaga hadda oo aad u beddesho mashiinka farsamada ee aad ku shaqeyn karto isla PC ama PC kale haddii aad rabto. Waxaa jira waxyaabo badan oo khaldami kara habkan, markaa xor u noqo inaad faallo ka bixiso haddii aad la kulanto dhibaatooyin. Ku raaxayso!

Convert a Windows PC into a Virtual Machine using Hyper-V

A great way to save yourself from viruses, malware and spyware is to use a virtual maсhine to browse thе Internet instead of your regular Windows PC. So what is a νirtual machine? It’s baѕically a full copу of Windows that runs inside anоther copу of Windows called the host.

The virtual version of Windows is just a large file and special software running on your Windows computer (virtualization software) acts as a fake computer so that Windows can run. Anything you do in the virtual machine will not affect your host operating system. So you could download 10 viruses onto the virtual machine and your main operating system would be safe.

What’s nice about virtual machines is that you can reset them. So if you get a virus while browsing in the virtual machine, you can simply reset the virtual machine to the default state when you first installed it and start over. It’s also a great way to increase your privacy because you can simply erase anything you’ve done in a virtual machine.

Before we get started, let’s talk about the requirements. There are many software virtualization tools out there like VMWare, Parallels, VirtualBox, etc., but I’m going to stick with only Microsoft software. In order for this to work, you need two things:

1. Disk2VHD – A free tool from Microsoft that will be used to convert any Windows operating system from Windows XP onwards into a virtual machine file.
2. Windows 8.1 Pro or Windows 10 Pro – You’ll need the Pro versions of either Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 in order to complete this process. Both operating systems have a tool called Hyper-V that can be used to access the virtual file created by Disk2VHD.

It’s also worth noting that even though you can use Windows XP, Vista and 7 as the virtual machine, it’s best if you can convert a Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 machine because the highest resolution that Hyper-V supports for those older operating systems is 1600×1200. It’s really annoying and I don’t know why Microsoft hasn’t bothered to fix this issue yet. Anyway, it’s only a problem for those with high resolution monitors.

Convert Windows OS to VHD

Let’s start with the easy part: converting your current version of Windows into a virtual machine (VHD or VHDX file). To do this, download the Disk2VHD tool mentioned above and run the EXE file.

When you run it, you’ll see a screen like the one above. There really isn’t much you have to do here other than choose the location where you want to save the VHDX file and which volumes you want to include.

If you have a large hard drive, you can just let it save the file to the same partition as Windows. If not, choose another location like a second hard drive or an external USB hard drive. By default, it’s going to select all of the volumes it finds on your computer, which may not be want you actually want.

In my case, I have several hard drives connected to the computer, so I only want to select volume C:\, which is 37.26 GB in size. In addition, you want to make sure to select any other volumes that were created when you installed Windows, most likely the Boot volume and System Reserved volume. These are usually really small: in my case, the System Reserved volume is only 34 MB and the other volume, which has no label, is only 322.08 MB.

It’s very important that you select these other volumes in addition to the main Windows volume because if you don’t, the operating system won’t boot when you load it into Hyper-V. Instead, you’ll get a Boot Failure message! This is because those two extra volumes tell the system where Windows is located and how to boot it.

It will probably take some time to create the VHDX file depending on how big your Windows partition is. Once finished, you’ll have one really large file and two smaller files.

Install Hyper-V in Windows 8.1/10

Next, we have to install the Hyper-V tools in Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 Pro. If you have the Home editions, you’ll have to upgrade to Pro before you can install Hyper-V. Click on Start and type in windows features.

At the top, click on Turn Windows features on or off. A window will appear where you can check off extra items you want to install. Go ahead and check the box for Hyper-V. It should automatically check the boxes for Hyper-V Management Tools and Hyper-V Platform also.

Click OK and let Windows install the features. You will also have to restart your computer. Once you boot back up, click on Start, All Apps and then scroll down to Windows Administrative Tools. You should see Hyper-V Manager listed there. You can also just click on Start and type in Hyper-V to search for it.

Configuring Hyper-V

Now for the fun part! Let’s get started with Hyper-V. Go ahead and open the Hyper-V Manager and you’ll see a blank workspace.

At the far left is the server, which should be the name of your computer. In the middle section are the list of virtual machines and checkpoints. On the right, you have a dynamic menu that changes depending on what item is selected in the left-hand sections. To get started, select the computer name at the far left.

Now at the far right, click on New and then Virtual Machine. This will bring up the new virtual machine wizard. The first step is to give your virtual machine a name.

Next, you have to choose the generation for the virtual machine. If you are converting a 64-bit version of Windows to a virtual machine and your computer hardware supports UEFI, go ahead and choose Generation 2, since that allows for more advanced features. Use Generation 1 for 32-bit versions of Windows or if your machine is using legacy BIOS. Generation 2 also supports wide-screen displays when virtualizing Windows 8.1 or Windows 10.

If you have no idea what all that means, just choose Generation 1 to be on the safe side. Note that if the virtual machine fails to boot, you can easily just delete it and start this process again. Select a different generation and see if it boots up properly. Deleting the virtual machine inside Hyper-V does not delete your original VHDX files.

On the next screen, you have to choose the amount of memory you want to assign to your virtual machine. I left it at the default value of 1024 MB, but you can increase it if you have enough RAM available on your host machine.

Go ahead and skip the Configure Networking screen for now because we will have to do that later. For now, just leave it at Not Connected. On the Connect Virtual Hard Disk screen, you need to select Use an existing virtual hard disk.

Click the Browse button and select the VHDX image that represents your actual Windows partition. This should be the really big VHDX file. We will have to manually add the other two VHDX drives after the wizard, which I will show further down. At this point, review the summary and click Finish.

Now you should see a new item listed under Virtual Machines. If you click on this, you’ll see a bunch more options in the right-hand pane also.

To start the virtual machine, select it and then click on Start. The State column will change to Running. Next to view the virtual machine, click on Connect. If you did this now, you’ll see that error message that I mentioned at the beginning of the article: Boot failure. We still need to add the other hard drives.

Select the virtual machine and click Turn Off. Then click on the Settings link. On the left hand side, you should see IDE Controller 0 and IDE Controller 1. Click on the Controller 0 first. If you chose Generation 2, you will see SCSI Controller only.

You will see that the first VHDX file we added in the wizard is already listed. Now we have to add the second and third files. Make sure Hard Drive is selected and then click Add.

The Location box should automatically choose 1 since the 0 slot is taken by our first VHDX file. Each IDE Controller only has two slots available for adding drives. Click Virtual hard disk and choose your second VHDX file.

Now click on IDE Controller 1 and then click the Add button again. Do the same thing here, but choose your third VHDX file.

Now that we have all three VHDX files attached, we can click OK and start up our virtual machine. This time you should hopefully get a screen with Windows loading!

Configure Networking

Lastly, we need to setup networking for the virtual machine so that you can connect to the local network and to the Internet. To do this, click on Virtual Switch Manager at the top of the right hand menu.

Click on New virtual network switch and then select External from the list box. Finally, click on Create Virtual Switch.

Give your virtual switch a name if you like and then choose the correct network from the dropdown box. If you have more than one network card, choose the one that is connected to the network and Internet. Once your switch has been created, we need to tell the virtual machine to use it. To do that, click on the virtual machine in Hyper-V manager and then click on the Settings link in the right pane.

Click on Network Adapter and then choose the new virtual switch that you created in the previous step. That’s it! Now when you start up your virtual machine, it should get network access via the host computer.

Hopefully, this article helps you take your current PC and convert it into a virtual machine that you can run on the same PC or another PC if you like. There are lots of things that can go wrong in this process, so feel free to comment if you run into problems. Enjoy!

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