Haddii aad suuqa ugu jirto TV HD cusub, waxaad u badan tahay inaad dareentay in qaar ka mid ah moodooyinka 4K ay sidoo kale leeyihiin muuqaal la yiraahdo HDR (High Dynamic Range).

HDR waa tignoolajiyada si weyn u wanaajisa dhalaalka iyo isbarbardhigga bandhigga. HDR ayaa si ula kac ah uga sarreeya tignoolajiyada hore ee TV-ga, laakiin dhammaan qaybaha looma wada siman yahay, HDR -na ma aha halbeeg keli keli ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee^{(Nonetheless)} , HDR waxay bixisaa khibradda TV-ga ugu fiican, waana sharxi doonaa sababta.

Qaybta Fudud: 4K

Qaybta ugu fudud ee tignoolajiyada in la fahmo waa xoogaa "4K". Tani waxay si fudud u tilmaamaysaa xallinta telefishanka. " Go'aanka^(Resolution) " macnaha guud macnaheedu waa tirada pixels ee TV-gu leeyahay. Inta badan TV-yada "4K" waa UHD ama " Qeexitaan^(Definition) aad u sarreeya ," kaas oo xalin yar ka hooseeya heerka saxda ah ee ^{(proper 4)}4K ^(K)ee^{( standard)} loo isticmaalo soo saarista filimada Hollywood -ka ee xirfadlayaasha ah.

TV- ga UHD waxa uu leeyahay xabo pixel 3840×2160 pixels. Tani waa afar jeer oo cajiib ah tirada pixels ee bandhigga FHD ( Full HD ). Xalka UHD kuma ^(UHD)xidhna HDR^(HDR) gabi ahaanba. Bandhigyadu waxay bixin karaan HDR iyadoon loo eegin xallinta ay haystaan. Tusaale ahaan, kormeerayaasha kumbuyuutarka ee 1440p iyo muraayadaha taleefanka gacanta ayaa bixiya HDR , inkastoo ay leeyihiin xallin ka hooseeya 4K UHD .

HDR waa shay aad ka heli doonto ku dhawaad ​​si gaar ah loogu lammaan yahay 4K ama qaraaro sare marka ay timaado taleefishinada. Markaa la yaab ma leh in labadan muuqaal ee TV-ga laga wada hadlo isku neef.

Waa maxay Range Dynamic?

Kala duwanaanshaha firfircoon ee telefishanku asal ahaan waa fogaanta u dhaxaysa sida mugdiga iyo sida ay shaashadda u dhalaalayso. Haddii ay taasi u yara ekaato saamiga isbarbardhigga, gabi ahaanba ma khaldanid.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kala duwanaansho firfircooni waxay ku saabsan tahay inta tafaasiisha lagu hayn karo sawirka qaybihiisa ugu mugdiga iyo iftiinka badan ka hor inta aanad helin madow "la jajabiyey" iyo "caddaan" caddaan ah.

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad dib u xasuusato dhacdadii caanka ahayd ee Game of Thrones^{(infamous episode of Game of Thrones)} halkaas oo muuqaaladu ay ahaayeen kuwo mugdi ah oo daawadayaal badani aanay arki karin wax aan ahayn sawir madow. Hal-abuurayaashii bandhigga ayaa ilaa hadda hoos u dhigay heerka firfircoonida taas oo TV-yada^(TVs) -dhamaadka hoose (kuwaasi oo dadka intiisa badani haystaan) aanay si fudud u awoodin inay dib u soo saaraan faahfaahinta.

Heerka Dhaqdhaqaaqa Caadiga ah vs. Range ^{(Dynamic Range)}Dynamic High^{(High Dynamic Range)}

Kala duwanaanshaha firfircoon ee nuxurka iyo bandhigyadu waa la jaangooyey si dadka aqoonta u leh nuxurka fiidyaha ay ogaadaan xadka ay ku shaqayn karaan. SDR ama Heerka Qeexida Heerka^{(Standard Definition Range )} Natiijooyinka ka kooban xaddidnaanta tignoolajiyada ee kamaradda iyo tignoolajiyada bandhigga.

Kamaradaha casriga ah iyo bandhigyadu waxay qaadi karaan oo soo saari karaan noocyo kala duwan oo iftiin iyo mugdi ah. Ma aha oo kaliya, waxay qabsan karaan oo soo saari karaan faahfaahinta gudaha qaybaha mugdiga iyo dhalaalaya ee sawirka ee hore u lumin lahaa.

Dhammaan HDR waxay sameeyaan waxay balaadhiyaan xadkaas waxayna kordhiyaan macluumaadka la heli karo kamaradaha qabashada iyo shaashaduhu waxay muujin karaan. Haddii aad wax ku samayso kamarada SDR , ma arki doontid wax horumar ah oo ku saabsan shaashadda HDR . Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , haddii aad geliso nuxurka HDR shaashadda ^(HDR)SDR , waxay u ekaan doontaa nuxurka SDR .

Heerarka HDR

Waxaa jira shan heerar HDR wakhtiga qorista: ^(HDR)HDR10 , HDR10+ , HLG , Dolby Vision , iyo HDR Advanced^{(Advanced HDR)} by Technicolor .

HDR10

Heerka HDR^(HDR) aadka loo taageero waa HDR10 . Ku dhawaad^(Virtually) ​​​​dhammaan bandhigyada HDR waxay taageeraan HDR10 , iyo inta badan waxyaabaha HDR waxaa laga heli karaa HDR10 . Heerarka kale waxay horumariyaan hirgelinta asalka ah ee HDR , badanaana waa jaangooyooyin ka jaban oo kaliya oo taageera HDR .

HDR waa halbeeg furan oo fudud oo ay abuurtay UHD Alliance , daladda mas'uulka ka ah qeexida heerka xallinta UHD . Si uu TV-gu u hoggaansamo HDR10 , waa inuu buuxiyaa dhalaalka ugu sarreeya ee farsamada gaarka ah iyo heerarka saamiga isbarbardhigga.

Xogta badan ee^(metadata) HDR , taas oo ah macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan heerarka iftiinka ee ku jira nuxurka HDR , waa mid taagan marka la eego HDR10 . Taasi waxay la macno tahay dhalaalka la cayimay iyo heerarka isbarbardhiga waa isku mid iyadoon loo eegin bandhigga ama goobta gaarka ah ee aad daawaneyso. Taasi waxay liddi ku tahay heerarka HDR ee adeegsada xogta badan ee firfircoon, taas oo beddeleysa dhalaalkaas iyo qiimayaasha isbarbardhigga muuqaal kasta.

HDR10+

Isbahaysiga^(Alliance) UHD ma qeexayo HDR10+ . Taa beddelkeeda, waxaa lagu qeexay Samsung , mid ka mid ah soosaarayaasha TV-ga ugu weyn adduunka.

Sida magacu soo jeedinayo, HDR10+ waxay ku dhistaa aasaaska HDR10 . Tani waxay ku samaynaysaa iyada oo ku daraysa metadata firfircoon, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in bartilmaameedyada HDR ay ku saleysan yihiin goobta hadda jirta. Samsung waxay HDR10+ ka dhigtay halbeeg furan oo la mid ah kii asalka ahaa ee HDR . Markaa qof kastaa wuxuu shahaadadan gelin karaa TV-giisa haddii ay u hoggaansanto shuruudaha warqadda.

Dolby Vision HDR

Dolby Vision waa mid ka mid ah heerarka HDR ee muhiimka ah, waxaadna heli doontaa tiro cadaalad ah oo TV-yo^(TVs) -dhamaadka sare ah iyo aaladaha warbaahinta si ay u taageeraan. Jiilkii ugu dambeeyay ee Xbox consoles wuxuu taageeraa Dolby Vision , tusaale ahaan.

Shahaadada Dolby Vision^{(Dolby Vision)} ayaa xoogaa ka dhib badan HDR10 ama HDR10+ maadaama ay tahay heerka shatiga. TV-yada iyo aaladaha kale ee HDR waa in ay ka gudbaan shahaadadooda si ay u muujiyaan istiikarada Dolby Vision .

Heerarkani waxa uu isticmaalaa xog badan oo firfircoon. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in sawirka lagu hagaajiyay awooddaada gaarka ah ee Dolby-certified HDR TV, kaas oo leh jaangooyooyin wax soo saar leh oo lagu dhex dhisay kuwaas oo ka caawiya tarjumaadda sida loo muujiyo nuxurka lagu habeeyay Dolby Vision^{(Dolby Vision)} .

Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG)

Hybrid Log-Gamma wuxuu u shaqeeyaa si ka duwan HDR10 ama Dolby Vision . Halbeeggani malaha xogta badan Waxay taa beddelkeeda adeegsataa xisaabin si ay uga shaqeyso waxa heerka dhalaalku ku noqon karo bandhigga HDR oo uu weheliyo qalooca gamma SDR .

Heerarka waxaa loo sameeyay baahinta si loogu oggolaado hal calaamad inay ka shaqeyso labada qaybood ee SDR iyo HDR . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, TV-yo aad u tiro yar oo 4K ah ayaa hadda taageera HLG markaa ilaa ay jirto heer sare oo korsasho ah, HLG waxay leedahay mustaqbal aan la hubin.

HDR horumarsan by Technicolor

Technicolor waa magac loo yaqaan qof kasta oo xiiseeya shineemo. Shirkadani waxa ay hormood u noqotay wax badan oo ka mid ah tignoolajiyada soo bandhigida warshadaha filimada.

HDR Advanced^{(Advanced HDR)} by Technicolor waa isku day lagu doonayo in lagu keeno qaar ka mid ah aqoontaas HDR , laakiin waa tan ugu yar marka la barbardhigo Dolby Vision iyo HDR 10 , sidaas darteed waxay ku xiran tahay inay noqoto dagaal sare.

Si ay wax uga sii daraan, waxaa jira saddex heer oo qoyska Technicolor HDR ah: SL-HDR1 , SL-HDR2 , iyo SL-HDR3 . SL-HDR1 waa dib-u-dhac ku habboon SDR , taas oo ka dhigaysa doorasho macquul ah oo loogu talagalay baahinta sida HLG . SL-HDR2 waxay leedahay xog badan oo firfircoon waana heerka u tartamaya HDR10+ iyo Dolby Vision . SL-HDR3 ayaa weli ku jira horumarka.

LG, oo ah xafiiltan weyn oo la leh Samsung , waxay u egtahay inay ku jiraan tiro balaadhan oo ah heerarka HDR ee la taageerayo ^(HDR)TV-yada^(TVs) , waxay taageertaa Technicolor , waxaad sidoo kale arki doontaa qalabyo taageero u ah heerkan oo lagu iibiyo astaanta Philips .

HDR Waxay Saamaysaa Taranka Midabka

Halka HDR ay inta badan ku saabsan tahay dhalaalka ugu sarreeya iyo mugdiga, midabka sidoo kale wuu saameeyaa. Iyadoo xogta iftiinka dheeraadka ah ee ku dhex jira fiidiyowga HDR , waxay noqonaysaa suurtogal in la qabto oo la soo saaro habab badan oo midab ah. 

Sidaa darteed, bandhigyada HDR ee wanaagsan ayaa ka dhalaalaya oo ka midab badan shaashadaha SDR ee caadiga ah. ^(SDR)Bandhiga HDR wuxuu yeelan karaa dhalmo midab liita sababo kale oo aan ka ahayn kala duwanaanshaheeda HDR , laakiin ficil ahaan, midabka ka fiican wuxuu caadi ahaan la socdaa gacanta-gacanta HDR ka fiican .

Midabka HDR Gamut

Kuwa aqoonta u leh nuxurka HDR si ay ugu hoggaansamaan heerarka HDR ee gaarka ah waxay leeyihiin gamut midab qeexan. Dolby Vision waxay isticmaashaa gamut midabka ballaaran ee REC.2020 . HDR10 waxay isticmaashaa gamutka DCI-P3 ee cidhiidhi ah , laakiin ka balaadhan heerka HD gamut, REC.709 .

Sababtoo ah heerka HDR ee la bixiyay wuxuu bixiyaa midabyo kala duwan, taas macnaheedu maahan mid kasta oo HDR TV ah ayaa soo saari kara dhamaantood ama si sax ah u samayn kara. Shaashadaha waxaa badanaa lagu qiimeeyaa inay daboolayaan boqolkiiba gamut midab gaar ah, iyadoo tirooyinka sare ay ka wanaagsan yihiin.

Waxaad u baahan tahay Waxyaabaha HDR

Haddii aysan ilaa hadda dooda ka caddayn, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku quudiso 4K HDR TV oo wata nuxurka HDR si aad faa'iido kasta uga hesho. Taas oo keliya ma aha, laakiin bandhigyada TV-ga ama filimada waa in lagu horumariyo heerka HDR ee TV-gaagu uu taageero.

Tusaale ahaan, Netflix durdurrada isticmaalaya laba qaab HDR : HDR10 iyo Dolby Vision . App - ka Netflix wuxuu si toos ah u ogaanayaa nooca HDR ee TV-gaagu iyo aaladaha daadigu taageerayo ka dibna waxay sii daayaan nooca saxda ah ee nuxurka. Adeegyada qulqulka kala duwan^(Different) waxay badanaa taageeraan ugu yaraan HDR10 . Fiidiyowga Amazon Prime Video^{(Amazon Prime Video)} wuxuu taageeraa HDR10+ , cinwaannada qaarna sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa Dolby Vision .

Marka ay timaado aruurinta warbaahinta jireed ee lagu bartay HDR , doorashadaada kaliya waa 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray . Tani way ka duwan tahay tignoolajiyada caadiga ah ee Blu-ray , taas oo kaliya taageerta xallinta 1080p oo aan haysan qol ku filan macluumaadka HDR . Waxaad sidoo kale u baahan doontaa ciyaaryahan UHD Blu-ray , kaas oo sidoo kale ay tahay inuu taageero HDR .

U beddelashada SDR ee HDR

Waa suurtogal in wax badan laga helo macluumaadka SDR adiga oo "u beddelaya" HDR . Telefishino badan ayaa leh ikhtiyaar ay ku dhaqaajiyaan nooc ka mid ah HDR been-abuurka ah halkaas oo waxyaabaha SDR lagu falanqeeyo iyo software-ka TV-gu “uu qiyaasayo” siduu u ekaan lahaa haddii ay ahaan lahayd HDR .

Natiijooyinku waxay noqon karaan kuwo si qurux badan isku qasan, iyadoo ku xidhan algorithm-ka gaarka ah ee TV-gu isticmaalo. Laakiin marar badan, waxay bixisaa sawir la xoojiyay. 

Koonsollada ugu dambeeyay ee Xbox, waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa muuqaal la yiraahdo " Auto-HDR ," kaas oo ku duraya macluumaadka HDR ciyaaraha aan lagu abuurin taageerada HDR . Sida wanaagsan ee ay tani mar kale u shaqeyso way ku kala duwan tahay kiis-kiis.

Waxa la Raadiyo Markaad iibsanayso 4K HDR TV^{(HDR TVs)}

Sababtoo ah TV cusub ayaa lagu calaamadiyay HDR 4K TV macnaheedu maaha inaad helayso faa'iidooyinka tayada sawirka ee aad u malaynayso. Waxaa jira dhinacyo dhowr ah oo TV kasta oo cusub oo leh HDR waa inaad fiiro gaar ah u yeelataa.

Taageerada Heerka Horumarsan ee HDR

Dhab ahaantii dhammaan TV-yada HDR^{(HDR TVs)} waxay taageeraan HDR10 , laakiin waa inaad ka fogaataa TV-yada^(TVs) taageera HDR10 kaliya^{(only )} . Isku day inaad raacdo set taageeraya ugu yaraan HDR10+ , Dolby Vision , ama labadaba. Hadda, kuwani waa labada heer ee ugu caansan, waxayna bixiyaan tallaabo muhiim ah oo ka sarreeya heerka HDR10 .

U Hogaansanaanta Dhabta ah ee HDR

Maxay ka dhigan tahay summada HDR^(HDR) ee 4K TV dhab ahaantii? Mid ka mid ah tixgalinta muhiimka ah waa dhalaalka ugu sarreeya. Iftiinka^(Brightness) waxaa lagu qiyaasaa " Nits ," iyo TV-yada HDR^{(HDR TVs)} ee wanaagsan waxay badanaa soo saaraan ugu yaraan 600 Nits ee dhalaalka ugu sarreeya, oo leh TV-yada HDR^{(HDR TVs)} -dhamaadka sare ee sameeya 1000 Nits ama ka badan. Ficil ahaan, TV-yo badan oo hooseeya ayaa soo saara 100-300 Nits , markaa ma soo saari karaan sawir sax ah HDR .

Had iyo jeer waa fikrad wanaagsan inaad hubiso heerarka dhalaalaya ee ay tijaabiyeen daabacaadaha dhinac saddexaad sida RTings ama Warbixinta Macaamilka^{(Consumer Reports)} si loo arko haddii TV-ga aad ka fiirsaneyso uu ifayo oo ku filan yahay inuu noqdo bandhig HDR .

Iftiinka dambe iyo Farsamada Bandhigga

Waxaa jira dhowr teknooloojiyada TV-ga ah ee suuqa, waxayna leeyihiin habab kala duwan oo loo soo saaro sawirro iyo abuurista dhalaal.

OLED ( Organic Light-emitting Diodes ) guud ahaan waa bandhigyada HDR ee ugu fiican. ^(HDR)OLED waa tignoolajiyada wax siisa, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in pixels-ka shaashadda ay soo saaraan iftiinkooda. TV-yada OLED^(OLED) waxay yeelan karaan midabyo madow oo qumman maadaama pixels-yadu ay aad u iftiimin karaan ama xitaa gebi ahaanba damin karaan. In kasta oo OLED-yada^(OLEDs) intooda badani aanay helin dhammaan dhalaalayaas, saamiga isbarbardhigga ayaa ka caawiya inay soo saaraan muuqaal HDR fantastik ah ilaa inta aad ku daawanayso jawi mugdi ah.

TV-yada LCD-yada^{(LCD TVs)} LED - ku waa nooca ugu badan ee TV-ga aad ka heli doonto. LCD waa tignoolajiyada gudbisa, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in iftiinka uu bixiyo nalka dambe ee ka iftiimaya muraayadda LCD^(LCD) . Tani waxay xaddidaysaa sida uu mugdigu u heli karo muraayadda mar haddii nalka dambe uu weli iftiimayo marka pixels-ku maqan yahay.

Tignoolajiyada cusub ee LED^{(New LED)} -ka sida aagga dimming maxalliga ah, QLED ,  Mini LED , iyo Micro LED waxay LCD-yada^(LCDs) ku soo dhawaadaan bandhigyada OLED^{(OLED displays)} iyada oo aan dib-u- dhac ku imanayn shaashadaha OLED . Shaashadda LED^(LED) - ka oo leh aagag yar-yar oo maxalli ah ama tikniyoolajiyadda Mini LED^{(Mini LED)} waxay u badan tahay inay soo saarto sawir HDR aad uga wanaagsan marka loo eego ^(HDR)LED cidhif leh oo aan yarayn.

Soo gelinta HDR xaddidan

In kasta oo TV-gaagu uu taageeri karo HDR oo uu xitaa bixin karo muuqaal HDR hufan , waxaa laga yaabaa inuusan ku taageerin HDR dhammaan agabkiisa. Qaar ka mid ah TV-yada dhexdhexaadka ah ama kuwa hoose ee HDR^{(HDR TVs)} ayaa kaliya taageera HDR ku gelinta HDMI 1.

Markaa haddii aad haysato aalado badan oo HDR ku habboon, sida PlayStation 5 , Apple TV , Roku , ama aaladda Google TV , waa inaad isticmaashaa qaybiyaha HDMI^{(HDMI splitter)} ama u beddelo si aad ugu raaxaysato waxyaabaha HDR ee labada aaladood. Haddii aad leedahay TV smart, apps kasta oo ku shaqeeya TV-ga waxay lahaan doonaan HDR ilaa inta ay taageerayaan.

Aaladaha aan taageerin HDR , sida Nintendo Switch , waa in lagu xidhaa agabyada aan HDR ahayn . Akhbaarta wanaagsan ayaa ah inaadan u baahnayn fiilo gaar ah oo HDMI ah ^(HDMI)HDR . Fiilo kasta oo ^(Any)HDMI ah oo shahaadaysan ayaa shaqayn doona.

Falanqaynta Xirfadlayaasha Muhiimka ah

Waa muhiim in la akhriyo dib u eegista xirfadleyda ee daabacadaha isticmaala qalab gaar ah si loo hubiyo in waxqabadka la sheegay uu cabbirayo waxqabadka dhabta ah ee adduunka. Kaliya waxay qaadataa dhowr daqiiqo si aad u aragto haddii 4K HDR TV aad rabto inaad iibsato ay u wanaagsan tahay sida lambarrada warqaddu ay soo jeedinayaan.

Ka Eegista Dhinaca Ifka Leh

Sameeyayaasha TV-ga sida Sony , Samsung , iyo LG ayaa aad ugu adkeyd shaqada si ay HDR ugu riixaan alaabtooda una taageeraan heerar tartan ah oo dhowr ah. Inkasta oo ay weli tahay qof kastaa qiyaasaha heerarka HDR waxay noqon doonaan kuwa ugu caalamisan, waxaa jira ku dhawaad ​​ma jiro HDR TV oo aad iibsan karto oo aan taageeri doonin HDR10 ama Dolby Vision .

Uma maleyneyno in celceliska macaamilka uu aad uga walaacsan yahay dagaalka qaabka HDR . Way fiicantahay in aad fiiro gaar ah u yeelato sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee TV-ga aad ka fekereyso adigoo hubinaya in qalabkaaga kale, sida consoles-yada, sanduuqyada-sare, iyo ciyaartoyda UHD Blu-ray^{(UHD Blu-ray)} , ay la shaqeyn doonaan heerarka gaarka ah ee TV-gaagu taageerayo.

What Is a 4K High Dynamic Range (HDR) TV?

If you’re in the market for a nеw HD TV, you’νe probably noticed that some 4K mоdels also have a feature called HDR (High Dynamic Range).

HDR is a technology that dramatically improves the brightness and contrast of a display. HDR is objectively superior to older TV technology, but not all sets are created equal, and HDR isn’t a monolithic standard. Nonetheless, HDR provides the best TV experience, and we’ll explain why.

The Easy Part: 4K

The easiest part of the technology to understand is the “4K” bit. This simply refers to the resolution of the television. “Resolution” in this context means the number of pixels the TV has. Most “4K” TVs are UHD or “Ultra-high Definition,” which is slightly lower resolution than the proper 4K standard used in professional Hollywood cinematic film production.

A UHD TV has a pixel grid of 3840×2160 pixels. This is an incredible four times the number of pixels in an FHD (Full HD) display. UHD resolution isn’t related to HDR at all. Displays can offer HDR regardless of what resolution they have. For example, 1440p computer monitors and mobile phone panels offer HDR, despite having a lower resolution than 4K UHD.

HDR is something you’ll find almost exclusively paired with 4K or higher resolutions when it comes to television. So it’s no surprise that these two TV specs are spoken of in the same breath.

What Is Dynamic Range?

The dynamic range of a television is essentially the distance between how dark and how bright the screen can get. If that sounds a little like the contrast ratio, you aren’t entirely wrong.

However, dynamic range is more about how much detail can be retained in an image’s darkest and brightest parts before you get “crushed” blacks and “blown out” whites.

You might recall that infamous episode of Game of Thrones where scenes were so dark that many viewers could see nothing but a mushy black image. The show’s creators had pushed so far down the dynamic range that lower-end TVs (which most people have) simply weren’t capable of reproducing the details.

Standard Dynamic Range vs. High Dynamic Range

The dynamic range of content and displays is standardized so that the people who master video content know the limits within which they can work. SDR or Standard Definition Range content results from technological limitations in camera and display technology.

Modern cameras and displays can capture and reproduce a far wider range of brights and darks. Not only that, they can capture and reproduce details within those dark and bright parts of the image that would have been lost before.

All HDR does is widen that range and increase the available information cameras capture and screens can show. If you make content with an SDR camera, you won’t see any improvement on an HDR screen. Likewise, if you put HDR content on an SDR screen, it will look like SDR content.

HDR Standards

There are five HDR standards at the time of writing: HDR10, HDR10+, HLG, Dolby Vision, and Advanced HDR by Technicolor.

HDR10

The most widely-supported HDR standard is HDR10. Virtually all HDR displays support HDR10, and most HDR content is available in HDR10. Other standards improve on this original implementation of HDR, and it’s usually only cheaper sets that only support HDR.

HDR is a relatively simple open standard created by the UHD Alliance, the consortium responsible for defining the UHD resolution standard. For a TV to be HDR10 compliant, it must meet specific technical peak brightness and contrast ratio standards.

The HDR metadata, which is additional information about light levels encoded in HDR content, is static in the case of HDR10. That means the specified brightness and contrast levels are the same regardless of the display or specific scene you’re watching. That’s as opposed to HDR standards that use dynamic metadata, which changes those brightness and contrast values on a per-scene basis.

HDR10+

The UHD Alliance does not define HDR10+. Instead, it’s defined by Samsung, one of the largest TV manufacturers in the world.

As the name suggests, HDR10+ builds on the foundation of HDR10. It does this by adding dynamic metadata, which means that HDR targets are based on the current scene. Samsung has made HDR10+ an open standard just like the original HDR. So anyone can put this certification on their TV if it complies with the on-paper requirements.

Dolby Vision HDR

Dolby Vision is one of the significant HDR standards, and you’ll find a fair number of higher-end TVs and media devices to support it. The latest generation of Xbox consoles supports Dolby Vision, for example.

Dolby Vision certification is somewhat more challenging than HDR10 or HDR10+ since it’s a licensed standard. TVs and other HDR devices must pass their certification to display the Dolby Vision sticker.

This standard uses dynamic metadata. This means the image is adjusted to the capabilities of your particular Dolby-certified HDR TV, which has manufacturer settings built into it that help interpret how to display content mastered in Dolby Vision.

Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG)

Hybrid Log-Gamma works differently from either HDR10 or Dolby Vision. This standard doesn’t have metadata. It instead uses a calculation to work out what the brightness level should be on an HDR display along an SDR gamma curve.

The standard was developed for broadcasters to allow a single signal to work on both SDR and HDR sets. However, very few 4K TVs currently support HLG so unless there’s a greater level of adoption, HLG has an uncertain future.

Advanced HDR by Technicolor

Technicolor is a name known to anyone who has an interest in cinema. This company pioneered much of the film industry’s display technology.

Advanced HDR by Technicolor is an attempt to bring some of that know-how into HDR, but it’s by far the smallest compared to Dolby Vision and HDR 10, so it’s bound to be an uphill battle.

To make things worse, there are three standards within the Technicolor HDR family: SL-HDR1, SL-HDR2, and SL-HDR3. SL-HDR1 is backward compatible with SDR, making it a viable choice for broadcasts like HLG. SL-HDR2 has dynamic metadata and is the competing standard to HDR10+ and Dolby Vision. SL-HDR3 is still in development.

LG, a major rival to Samsung, tends to include a broader range of supported HDR standards with its TVs, supports Technicolor, and you’ll also see sets with support for this standard sold under the Philips brand.

HDR Affects Color Reproduction

While HDR is mostly about peak brightness and darkness, color is also affected. With the extra luminosity data embedded in HDR video, it becomes possible to capture and reproduce more shades of color. 

Therefore, good HDR displays are brighter and more colorful than typical SDR screens. An HDR display can have poor color reproduction for other reasons than its HDR range, but in practice, better color usually goes hand-in-hand with better HDR.

HDR Color Gamut

Those mastering HDR content to comply with specific HDR standards have a defined color gamut. Dolby Vision uses the REC.2020 wide color gamut. HDR10 uses the narrower DCI-P3 gamut, but wider than the standard HD gamut, REC.709.

Just because a given HDR standard offers a wide range of colors, that doesn’t mean every HDR TV can reproduce all of them or do so accurately. Screens are often rated as covering a percentage of a certain color gamut, with higher numbers being better.

You Need HDR Content

If it isn’t clear from the discussion so far, you need to feed your 4K HDR TV with HDR content to get any benefit from it. Not only that, but the TV shows or movies have to be mastered in the HDR standard that your TV supports.

For example, Netflix streams using two HDR formats: HDR10 and Dolby Vision. The Netflix app automatically detects what type of HDR your TV and streaming device supports and then streams the correct kind of content. Different streaming services usually support at least HDR10. Amazon Prime Video supports HDR10+, and some titles are also available in Dolby Vision.

When it comes to collecting physical media mastered in HDR, your only option is 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray. This is different from standard Blu-ray technology, which only supports a 1080p resolution and doesn’t have enough spare room for HDR information. You’ll also need a UHD Blu-ray player, which must also support HDR.

Turning SDR Into HDR

It’s possible to get more out of SDR content by “converting” it into HDR. Many televisions have an option to activate a sort of pseudo-HDR where SDR content is analyzed and the TV’s software “guesses” what it would look like if it were HDR.

The results can be pretty mixed, depending on the specific algorithm the TV uses. But in many cases, it does offer an enhanced picture. 

On the latest Xbox consoles, you’ll also find a feature called “Auto-HDR,” which injects HDR information into games that were not created with HDR support. How well this works once again varies on a case-by-case basis.

What to Look For When Buying 4K HDR TVs

Just because a new TV is labeled as an HDR 4K TV doesn’t mean you’re getting the picture quality benefits you think. There are several aspects of any new TV with HDR you should pay careful attention to.

Advanced HDR Standard Support

Virtually all HDR TVs support HDR10, but you should avoid TVs that only support HDR10. Try to go with a set that supports at least HDR10+, Dolby Vision, or both. For now, these are the two most common standards, and they offer a significant step up over standard HDR10.

True HDR Compliance

What does the HDR label on a 4K TV actually mean? One of the essential considerations is peak brightness. Brightness is measured in “Nits,” and good HDR TVs usually produce at least 600 Nits of peak brightness, with high-end HDR TVs making 1000 Nits or more. In practice, many low-end TVs only produce 100-300 Nits, so they can’t reproduce a proper HDR image.

It’s always a good idea to check the brightness levels tested by third-party publications such as RTings or Consumer Reports to see if the TV you’re considering is bright enough to be an HDR display.

Backlight and Display Technology

There are several TV technologies on the market, and they have different approaches to producing images and creating brightness.

OLED (Organic Light-emitting Diodes) are generally the best HDR displays. OLED is an emissive technology, which means that the pixels in the screen produce their light. OLED TVs can have perfect blacks since the pixels can be very dimly lit or even turned off completely. Although most OLEDs don’t get all that bright, the contrast ratio helps them produce fantastic HDR imagery as long as you’re watching in a darkened environment.

LED LCD TVs are the most common type of TV you’ll find. LCD is a transmissive technology, which means that the light is provided by a backlight that shines through the LCD panel. This limits how dark the screen can get since the backlight still shines through when the pixels are off.

New LED technologies such as local dimming zoned, QLED,  Mini LED, and Micro LED bring LCDs closer to OLED displays without the drawbacks of OLED screens. An LED screen with many local dimming zones or Mini LED technology will likely produce much better HDR imagery than an edge-lit LED with no dimming.

Limited HDR Inputs

While your TV may support HDR and even offer a decent HDR image, it may not support HDR on all its inputs. Some mid-range or lower-end HDR TVs only support HDR on HDMI input 1.

So if you have multiple HDR-compatible devices, such as a PlayStation 5, Apple TV, Roku, or Google TV device, you’d have to use an HDMI splitter or switch to enjoy HDR content on both devices. If you have a smart TV, any apps running on the TV will have HDR as long as they support it.

Devices that don’t support HDR, such as the Nintendo Switch, should be plugged into non-HDR inputs. The good news is that you don’t need a special HDMI cable for HDR. Any certified HDMI cable will work.

Professional Reviews Matter

It’s vital to read professional reviews by publications that use specialized equipment to check whether the claimed performance measures up to the real-world performance. It only takes a few minutes to see if the 4K HDR TV you want to buy is as good as the on-paper numbers suggest.

Looking On The Bright Side

TV makers such as Sony, Samsung, and LG have been hard at work to push HDR on their products and support several competing standards. While it’s still anyone’s guess which HDR standards will become the most universal, there’s almost no HDR TV you can buy that won’t support HDR10 or Dolby Vision.

We don’t think the average consumer should be too concerned about the HDR format wars. It’s better to pay attention to the core specifications of the TV you’re considering while making sure that your other devices, such as consoles, set-top boxes, and UHD Blu-ray players, will work with the specific standards your TV supports.

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