Inkasta oo aanad ahayn khabiir ku takhasusay isku xidhka, waxa laga yaabaa inaad la kulantay ereyga PING , markaad isticmaalayso kombiyuutarada, qalabka shabakadaha sida router wireless, apps online ama markaad ciyaaraha internetka ku ciyaareyso. Haddii aad rabto inaad ogaato waxa ping-ku yahay marka ay timaado kombuyuutarrada, sida amarka ping-ku u shaqeeyo, sida loo fahmo xogta uu muujinayo, iyo sida loogu isticmaalo Windows , akhri casharkan:

Waa maxay ping?

Ping waa aaladda khadka taliska, oo laga heli karo habab badan oo ka hawlgala, oo aad isticmaali karto si aad u tijaabiso in kombayutarkaagu ama aaladdaadu gaadhi karaan kombuyuutar aad u socoto iyada oo loo marayo shabakadda iyo/ama internetka.

Waa maxay ping ee imtixaannada isku xidhka ( SpeedTest ) ama ciyaaraha?

Markaad aragto ping-ka oo laga soo sheegay dhammaan noocyada apps-ka, imtixaannada isku-xidhka sida SpeedTest , ama ciyaaraha online-ka ah, waxay tilmaamaysaa wakhtiga ay ku qaadanayso PC-gaaga inuu ka jawaabo amarka ping. Waqtigan waxa lagu soo warramey millise seconds (ms), waana tusaha xawaaraha wakhtiga falcelinta ee xidhiidhkaaga internet-ka ama isku xidhka shabakadaada. Marka uu ping-ku hoos u dhaco, ayaa wakhtiga falcelinta ka sii fiicnaanaysaa.

Waa maxay sababta ping-ku faa'iido u leeyahay?

Amarka ping ayaa faa'iido u leh inta badan cilad-saarka gelitaanka aaladaha shabakada iyo internetka. Amarkani waxa uu isticmaalayaa fariimaha Echo oo taxane ah (iyadoo la isticmaalayo hab ^(Echo)-maamuuska Farriinta Xakamaynta Internetka^{(Internet Control Message Protocol)} ) si loo go'aamiyo waxyaabaha ay ka mid yihiin:

• Haddi bartilmaameedka taliska ping uu yahay mid firfircoon ama aan shaqaynayn.

• Intee in le'eg ayay qaadanaysaa in lala xidhiidho aaladda la beegsanayo, in la diro oo la helo codsiga Echo iyo jawaabta.

• Immisa baakidh ayaa lumaya marka lala xidhiidhinayo aaladda la beegsaday.

Si aad si fiican wax u fahamto, u fiirso shaashadda hoose, halkaasoo aan ku wadnay amarka ping, gudaha Windows: ping www.microsoft.com .

Amarkan, waxaan ka baranay kuwa soo socda:

• In shabakada www.microsoft.com la heli karo lagana heli karo kombayutaradayada Windows sababtoo ah waxaan helnay jawaab.

• Ciwaanka IPv6^{(IPv6 address)} ee mareegaha Microsoft.com Waa ciwaanka yaabka leh ee soo muuqda ka dib qoraalka "ka jawaab."^{("Reply from.")}

• In aanay jirin wax xog ah oo lumiyay xidhiidhkayada shabakada microsoft.com.
• Waqtiga ay ku qaadatay, millise seconds, microsoft.com si ay ugu jawaabto amarka ping-ka: mid kasta oo ka mid ah afarta codsi ee dhawaaqa shaqsi ahaan, ugu yaraan, ugu badnaan iyo celceliska wakhtiga ay qaadatay si looga jawaabo amarka ping-ka.

Sida aad arki karto, utility ping wuxuu soo diraa afar codsi oo echo ah si caadi ah, waxayna wadaagaan tirakoobyada iyo xogta ku saleysan jawaabaha ay tahay inay ka helaan bartilmaameedka.

Yaa alifay ping?

Utility ping waxa sameeyay nin Maraykan ah^(American) oo la odhan jiray Mike Muuss , December 1983 , isagoo ka shaqaynayay Shaybaadhka Cilmi Baadhista Ballistic^{(Ballistic Research Laboratory)} ee Aberdeen Proving Ground , ee Maryland . Magacu wuxuu ka yimid tignoolajiyada sonar-ka ee loo isticmaalo maraakiibta quusta, maraakiibta dusha sare, iyo dayuuradaha, taasoo direysa garaaca garaaca oo dhegaysata dhawaaqa si loo ogaado walxaha biyaha hoostooda ku jira. Waxa uu u helay tusaale ku habboon sida uu u shaqeeyo ping-ka.

Nidaamkee hawlgalka iyo aaladaha laga heli karo ping?

Waxaad ku isticmaali kartaa qalabka ping-ka ee Windows , Linux , MAC OS X , Unix , FreeBSD iyo qaar badan oo ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka ee kombiyuutarada miiska, server-yada, iyo qalabyada kale. Xataa qalabka isku xirka sida router-yada ayaa hirgeliyay aaladda ping-ka ee cilad-saarka dhibaatooyinka shabakadda.

Sida loo isticmaalo ping gudaha Windows?

Haddii aad rabto inaad ku isticmaasho qalabka ping ee Windows , fur Command Prompt^{(open the Command Prompt)} ama PowerShell . Kadibna, geli ping oo ay ku xigto ciwaanka IP-ga (ama magaca martida loo yahay) ee kombiyuutarka ama aaladda bartilmaameedka ah. Tusaale ahaan, ku qor wax sida: "ping 192.168.1.1" ama "ping www.bing.com" iyada oo aan lahayn calaamadaha xigashada.

Sida ay diiwaangelisay Microsoft, halkan^(here) , amarka ping ee Windows wuxuu isticmaali karaa cabbirro badan. Si aad naftaada u aragto, qor ping /?ama ping-? oo taabo Gelida^(Enter) kumbuyuutarkaaga. Daaqadaha ayaa taxaya dhammaan cabirrada iyo furayaasha aad u isticmaali karto aaladda ping-ga.

FIIRO GAAR AH:^(NOTE:) Waxaad isticmaali kartaa / ama - ka hor halbeeg kasta oo amarka ping ah. Waa la isweydaarsan karaa oo waxay keenaan natiijo isku mid ah.

Halkan waxaa ah sharraxaadda dhammaan furayaasha amarka ping:

• /t - ping waxa uu sii wadaa dirida fariimaha codsiga Echo ee meesha loo socdo ilaa inta gacanta laga joojinayo. Si aad u joojiso una muujiso tirakoobka, taabo CTRL+Break . Si aad u joojiso ping-ka, taabo CTRL+C .

• /a - ping-ku wuxuu isku dayaa inuu xalliyo oo tuso magaca martida loo yahay ee ciwaanka IP-ga ee loo geliyo bartilmaameedka.

• /n count - isticmaal beddelkan tirada fariimaha codsiga Echo ee ka yimid 4 (sida caadiga ah) una beddel wax kale. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa lambar kasta laga bilaabo 1 ilaa 4294967295.

• /l size - wuxuu dejiyaa cabbirka (bytes) ee fariinta codsiga Echo ee loo diro bartilmaameedka, laga bilaabo 32 (kuwa caadiga ah) ilaa shay kale. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa lambar kasta laga bilaabo 1 ilaa 65527.

• /f - tan u isticmaal si aad u dirto fariimaha codsiga Echo oo wata calanka "Ha jajabin" daaran si aanu codsiga u kala qaybin router-ka, jidka loo socdo. Doorashadani waxay u shaqeysaa ciwaannada IPv4 oo keliya, waxayna faa'iido u leedahay cilad-saarka dariiqa dhibaatooyinka Cutubka Gudbinta ugu badan^{(Maximum Transmission Unit)} (PMTU).

• /i TTL - waxay dejisaa qiimaha Time to Live (TTL) ee codsiga Echo, ugu badnaan kaas oo ah 255. TTL waxay xaddidaysaa cimriga xogta lagu soo diro amarka ping. Haddii qiimihii TTL uu dhaafay oo aan jawaab la helin, xogta waa la tuuray.

• /v TOS - dejinaya Nooca Adeegga (TOS)^{(Type of Service (TOS))} ee loo isticmaalo codsiga Echo. Qiimaha caadiga ah waa 0, iyo ugu badnaan waa 255. Doorashadani waxay u shaqeysaa kaliya cinwaannada IPv4.

• /r count - waxay dejisaa tirada hops inta u dhaxaysa PC-gaaga iyo bartilmaameedka aad rabto in lagu duubo oo lagu muujiyo amarka ping. Qiimaha ugu badan ee tirintu waa 9. Waxay ku shaqeysaa oo keliya cinwaannada IPv4.

• /s count -ku-sheegga wakhtiga ( qaabka Internet Timestamp ) marka codsi kasta Echo la helo oo jawaab kasta la diro. Qiimaha ugu badan ee tirintu waa 4, taasoo la macno ah in afarta boodbood ee ugu horreeya oo kaliya ay waqti ku shaabadeysan karaan. Doorashadani waxay ku shaqeysaa kaliya cinwaannada IPV4.

• /j host-list waxa uu isticmaalaa Jidka Isha dabacsan ee^{(Loose Source Route)} lagu qeexay liiska martida loo yahay. Jideynta noocaan ah, meelaha dhexe ee xiriirsan waxaa kala saari kara hal ama dhowr router. Tirada ugu badan ee ciwaanada ama magacyada liiska martida loo yahay waa 9. Liiska martida loo yahay waa cinwaan IP taxane ah oo ay kala sooceen meelo bannaan, waana inay ahaadaan cinwaan IPv4 ah.

• /k host-list - waxa uu isticmaalaa Jidka Adag ee Isha ee^{(Strict Source Route)} lagu qeexay liiska martida loo yahay. Jid adag, meesha dhexe ee xigta waa in si toos ah loo gaari karo (oo aan loo kala saarin router). Tirada ugu badan ee ciwaanka ama magacyada liiska martida loo yahay waa 9. Liiska martida loo yahay waa taxane cinwaano IPv4 ah oo ay u kala qaybsan yihiin meelo bannaan.

• /w timeout -dhaaf -qiimaha wakhtigu wuxuu hagaajiyaa qadarka wakhtiga, millise seconds, in ping-ku uu sugayo jawaab kasta. Qiimaha wakhtiga kama-dambaysta ahi waa 4000 ama 4 sekan.

• /r range - wuxuu u sheegaa amarka ping-ka si loo raadiyo dariiqa safarka wareega, tiro hops ah. Waxay ku shaqaysaa oo keliya ciwaannada IPV6. Kala duwanaanshuhu waa inuu noqdaa tiro u dhaxaysa 1 iyo 9.

• /s srcaddr - waxay qeexaysaa ciwaanka isha si loo isticmaalo marka la shaqaynayo ciwaannada IPv6. Ciwaanka waa in la geliyo srcaddr ka dib .

• /c compartments - waxay qeexaysaa aqoonsiga qaybta dariiqa.

• /p -pings a Hyper-V Network Virtualization ciwaanka bixiyaha.

• /4 - waxay ku qasbeysaa isticmaalka ciwaanka IPv4 waxaana loo istcimaalaa iyadoo lala kaashanayo magacyada martida loo yahay, ee ma aha cinwaanada IP. Tusaale ahaan, qor "ping /4 www.microsoft.com" (la'aanteed calaamadaha xigashada), oo waxay soo celisaa cinwaanka IPv4 ee magaca martida loo yahay.

• /6 - waxay ku qasbeysaa isticmaalka ciwaanka IPv6 oo waxaa lala isticmaalaa magacyada martida loo yahay, ee ma aha cinwaannada IP. Tusaale ahaan, qor "ping/6 www.microsoft.com" oo waxaad arkaysaa ciwaanka IPv6 ee magaca martida loo yahay.

Tusaalooyinka yar ee la shaqeynta amarka ping:

Si loo hubiyo inaad si fiican u fahamto sida loola shaqeeyo amarka ping, waxaanu wadaagi doonaa tusaalooyin yar oo sharxi doona sida loo isticmaalo nolosha dhabta ah. Haddii aad rabto inaad la socoto shabakad gaar ah iyo helitaankiisa, waxaad isticmaali kartaa "ping-t domainname" iyada oo aan lahayn calaamadaha xigashada. Amarka si aan dhammaad lahayn ayuu u dhejiyaa oo la wadaagaa wakhtiga ay qaadanayso in laga jawaabo codsi kasta oo Echo ah.^(Echo)

Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aad sameyso kormeerka aan dhamaadka lahayn ee noocan oo kale ah martigeliyayaasha sida wanaagsan loo maareeyay, kombuyutarkaaga waxaa laga yaabaa in laga mamnuuco inuu galo. Ha iloobin inaad joojiso adigoo riixaya CTRL+C kumbuyuutarkaaga.

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad isticmaasho tiro kooban oo fariimo codsi Echo ah si aad u dirto, adoo isticmaalaya "ping-n count hostname" sida tusaalaha hoose:

Sawirka kore waxaad ku arki kartaa in martigeliyaha markii hore la heli karo oo ka jawaabaya amarka ping, ka dibna uu ka baxay khadka, dhammaan codsiyada soo harayna waa dhammaaday.

Haddii aad taqaano ciwaanka IP-ga ee martida loo yahay, oo aad rabto inaad ogaato magaca martida loo yahay, waxaad isticmaali kartaa "ping-a IP address" . Pingigu wuxuu isku dayaa inuu xaliyo oo muujiyo magaca martida loo yahay ee bartilmaameedka ka dibna soo celiyaa, si la mid ah sawirka hoose.

Ma isticmaashaa amarka ping, iyo sidee?

Hadda waxaad taqaanaa waxa ping uu yahay, sida uu u shaqeeyo, waxa uu qabto, iyo sida loogu isticmaalo Windows . Kahor intaadan xidhin casharkan, hoos ka faallooda oo wadaag wixii su'aalo ah ee aad qabtid. Sidoo kale, waxaan jeclaan lahayn inaan ogaano sida aad u isticmaasho amarka ping.

What is the ping command? What is ping in apps and games? How to use ping, in Windows?

Even though you are not а networking expert, you may have encoυntered thе term PING, when using computers, networking devices like wirelеss routers, online apps or when playing games on the internet. If you want tо knоw what the ping is when it сomeѕ to computers, how the ping command works, how to υnderstand the data it displayѕ, and how to use it in Windows, read this tutorial:

What is ping?

Ping is a command line tool, available in many operating systems, that you can use to test whether your computer or device can reach a destination computer through the network and/or the internet.

What is ping in networking tests (SpeedTest) or games?

When you see the ping reported in all kinds of apps, in networking tests like SpeedTest, or in online games, it refers to the time it takes for your PC to get a response to a ping command. This time is reported in milliseconds (ms), and it is an indicator of the speed of the reaction time of your internet connection or your network connection. The lower the ping, the better the reaction time.

Why is ping useful?

The ping command is useful mostly for troubleshooting the accessibility of devices on the network and the internet. This command uses a series of Echo messages (using the Internet Control Message Protocol) to determine things like:

• Whether the target of the ping command is active or inactive.

• How much time it takes to communicate with the target device, to send and receive an Echo request and a reply.

• How many packets are lost when communicating with the target device.

To better understand things, take a look at the screenshot below, where we ran a ping command, in Windows: ping www.microsoft.com.

From this command, we learned the following:

• That the www.microsoft.com website is available and reachable from our Windows PC because we received a reply.

• The IPv6 address of the microsoft.com website. It is the weird address that is displayed after the text "Reply from."

• That there was no data loss in our connection to the microsoft.com website.
• The time it took, in milliseconds, for microsoft.com to reply to our ping command: for each of the four echo requests individually, the minimum, the maximum and the average time it took to respond to our ping command.

As you can see, the ping utility sends four echo requests by default, and it shares statistics and data based on the replies it should get from the target.

Who invented ping?

The ping utility was created by an American named Mike Muuss, in December 1983, while working in Ballistic Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen Proving Ground, in Maryland. The name comes from the sonar technology used in submarines, surface ships, and aircraft, that sends a pulse and listens for the echo to detect underwater objects. He found it a suitable metaphor for how the ping utility works.

In which operating systems and devices is ping available?

You can use the ping tool in Windows, Linux, MAC OS X, Unix, FreeBSD and many other operating systems for desktop computers, servers, and other equipment. Even networking equipment like routers implemented the ping tool for troubleshooting network problems.

How to use ping in Windows?

If you want to use the ping tool in Windows, open the Command Prompt or PowerShell. Then, enter ping followed by the IP address (or the hostname) of the target computer or device. For example, type something like: "ping 192.168.1.1" or "ping www.bing.com" without the quotation marks.

As documented by Microsoft, here, the ping command in Windows can use lots of parameters. To see them for yourself, write ping /? or ping -? and press Enter on your keyboard. Windows lists all the parameters and switches that you can use for the ping tool.

NOTE: You can use / or - before any parameter of the ping command. They are interchangeable and lead to the same result.

Here is an explanation of all the switches for the ping command:

• /t - ping continues sending Echo request messages to the destination until interrupted manually. To interrupt and display statistics, press CTRL+Break. To interrupt and quit the ping, press CTRL+C.

• /a - the ping tries to resolve and show the hostname of an IP address that is entered as the target.

• /n count - use this change the number of Echo request messages from 4 (the default) to something else. You can use any number from 1 to 4294967295.

• /l size - sets the size (in bytes) of the Echo request message that is sent to the target, from 32 (the default) to something else. You can use any number from 1 to 65527.

• /f - use this to send Echo request messages with a "Do Not Fragment" flag turned on so that the request is not fragmented by routers, on the way to the destination. This option works for IPv4 addresses only, and it is useful for troubleshooting path Maximum Transmission Unit (PMTU) problems.

• /i TTL - sets the Time to Live (TTL) value for the Echo request, the maximum of which is 255. TTL limits the lifetime of the data being sent by the ping command. If the TTL value has elapsed and no reply was received, the data is discarded.

• /v TOS - sets the Type of Service (TOS) used for the Echo request. The default value is 0, and the maximum is 255. This option works only for IPv4 addresses.

• /r count - sets the number of hops between your PC and the target that you want be recorded and displayed by the ping command. The maximum value for the count is 9. It works only with IPv4 addresses.

• /s count - reports the time (in Internet Timestamp format) when each Echo request is received and each reply is sent. The maximum value for the count is 4, meaning that only the first four hops can be time stamped. This option works just with IPv4 addresses.

• /j host-list - uses the Loose Source Route specified in the host list. With this type of routing, successive intermediate destinations can be separated by one or multiple routers. The maximum number of addresses or names in the host list is 9. The host list is a series of IP addresses separated by spaces, and they have to be IPv4 addresses.

• /k host-list - uses the Strict Source Route specified in the host list. With strict routing, the next intermediate destination must be reachable directly (and not separated by a router). The maximum number of addresses or names in the host list is 9. The host list is a series of IPv4 addresses separated by spaces.

• /w timeout - the timeout value adjusts the amount of time, in milliseconds, that the ping waits for each reply. The default timeout value is 4000 or 4 seconds.

• /r range - tells the ping command to trace the round trip path, for a number of hops. It works only with IPv6 addresses. The range must be a number between 1 and 9.

• /s srcaddr - specifies the source address to use when working with IPv6 addresses. The address must be entered after srcaddr.

• /c compartments - specifies the routing compartment identifier.

• /p - pings a Hyper-V Network Virtualization provider address.

• /4 - forces the use of the IPv4 address and it is used in conjunction with hostnames, not IP addresses. For example, write "ping /4 www.microsoft.com" (without the quotation marks), and it returns the IPv4 address of the hostname.

• /6 - forces the use of the IPv6 address and it is used in conjunction with hostnames, not IP addresses. For example, write "ping /6 www.microsoft.com" and you see the IPv6 address of the hostname.

A few examples of working with the ping command:

To make sure that you better understand how to work with the ping command, we will share a few examples and explain how they are used in real life. If you want to monitor a certain website and its availability, you could use "ping -t domainname" without the quotation marks. The command endlessly pings it and shares the time it takes to reply to each Echo request.

However, if you do this kind of endless monitoring of well-managed hosts, your PC could get banned from accessing. Do not forget to stop it by pressing CTRL+C on your keyboard.

You may want to use a finite number of Echo request messages to send, using "ping -n count hostname" like in the example below:

In the screenshot above you can see that the host was initially available and replying to the ping command, and it then went offline, and all the remaining requests timed out.

If you know the IP address of a host, and you want to know the hostname, you can use "ping -a IP address". The ping tries to resolve and display the hostname of the target and then returns it, similar to the screenshot below.

Do you use the ping command, and how?

Now you know what ping is, how it works, what it does, and how to use it in Windows. Before closing this tutorial, comment below and share any questions that you might have. Also, we would like to know how you use the ping command.

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