Fursadaha inaad hore uga maqashay borotokoolka shabakada laakiin waxay u badan tahay inaad fikrad yar ka haysato waxa ay ku saabsan tahay. Hubaal hadda, waxaan dhihi karnaa inay jiraan noocyo kala duwan oo borotokoolka shabakada ah oo loogu talagalay kiisaska isticmaalka gaarka ah.

Ma sharxi doono dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee borotokoolka shabakada ee maqaalkan, laakiin hubaal, waxaan ka hadli doonaa laba ka mid ah. Waxay kala yihiin SNMP ( Simple Network Management Protocol ), iyo NTP ( Network Time Protocol ).

Waa maxay borotokoolka shabakada NTP iyo SNMP

Fikradda halkan waa in la hubiyo in dhamaadka, waa in aad si qoto dheer u fahamto waxa hab-maamuusyadani waxay ku saabsan yihiin, gaar ahaan kuwa eegaya gelitaanka dunida Networking mustaqbalka dhow ama fog. Ha^(Make) qaldamin; wax badan baad baran doontaa.

1. Waa maxay Shabakadda Kombiyuutarka?
2. Waa maxay Hab-maamuusyada Shabakadda^{(Network Protocols)} , ma yaabban tahay?
3. SNMP ( Habka Maareynta Shabakadda Fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} ) ayaa sharaxay
4. NTP ( Network Time Protocol ) ayaa sharaxay

Aan ka doodno arrintan si faahfaahsan.

1] Waa maxay Shabakadda Kombiyuutarka?

Marka la soo koobo, shabakada kombuyuutarku^{(computer network)} waa koox ka mid ah nidaamyada kombiyuutarada oo ku xiran si ay u wadaagaan kheyraadka iyo xiriirka.

2] Waa maxay Nidaamyada Shabakadu?

OK, marka hab-maamuuska shabakadu waxa uu ka kooban yahay dhammaan tilmaamaha iyo halbeegyada aaladaha wada xidhiidhka, oo ay ku jiraan siyaabo badan oo ay aaladuhu isugu xidhi karaan oo ay isu aqoonsan karaan.

Waa inaan tilmaannaa in shabakadaha qaarkood ay leeyihiin awood ay ku qirtaan fariimaha iyo isku-buufinta xogta isgaarsiinta shabakada, taasoo bixisa adeeg bixiya waxqabad sare iyo isku hallayn.

3] SNMP ( Habka Maareynta Shabakadda Fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} ) ayaa sharaxay

Fahamkeena, Hab-maamuuska Maareynta Shabakadda Fudud^{(Simple Network Management Protocol)} ( SNP^(SNMP) ) waa borotokoolka lakabka arji oo marka hore loo isticmaalo maaraynta aaladaha shabakadda. Marka ay timaado xogta shabakada qiimaha leh ee laga soo bilaabo furayaasha, router-ka, server-yada, daabacayaasha, iyo kuwa kale, SNMP waxay awood u leedahay inay maareyso waxaas oo dhan.

Waa in aan sidoo kale ogaanno in ay jiraan laba qaybood oo ka mid ah shabakad ay maamusho SNMP. Waxayna kala yihiin sidan.

• Xarunta Maareynta Shabakadda (NMS)^{(Network management station (NMS))} : OK, marka NMS waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ururiyo macluumaadka SNMP iyadoo dalbanaysa aaladaha shabakadda si ay u muujiyaan xog gaar ah. Ma aha taas oo keliya, laakiin aaladaha shabakadaada waxay ogeysiin karaan NMS dhibaatooyinka iman kara iyagoo diraya digniin SNMP , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan dabin. Maskaxda^(Bear) ku hay in software-ka NMS uu ku shaqeeyo kombayutarka maamulka oo kaliya.
• Wakiilka^(Agent) : Waxa xiisaha leh ee ku saabsan software-ka wakiilka^(Agent) ayaa ah in uu ku shaqeeyo qalabyada la maamulay ee u soo sheega SNMP xogta ^(SNMP)NMS .

la xiriira^(Related) : Sida loo suurtageliyo loona habeeyo adeegga SNMP^{(How to enable and configure SNMP service)} gudaha Windows 11/10?

4] NTP ( Network Time Protocol ) ayaa sharaxay

NTP , sida SNMP , sidoo kale waa borotokoolka lakabka codsiga. Weli, waxaa loo istcimaalayaa isku-dubbaridka saacadda TCP/IP ee u dhaxaysa martigeliyayaasha. Naqshadaynta guud ee NTP waa in la hubiyo in dhammaan kombiyuutarada ku jira shabakad gaar ah ay ku heshiiyaan saacad isku mid ah.

Isku-dubarid wakhtigu^(Time) waa lama huraan sababtoo ah kala duwanaanshiyaha ayaa nolosha ku adkeyn kara maamulayaasha shabakadaha. Tusaale ahaan, ka soo qaad kontaroolaha xayndaabka Active Directory iyo kumbiyuutarka martida loo yahay in aanay isku mar ku heshiin karin. Xaaladdaas, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u aragto inay kugu adag tahay inaad gasho boggaaga AD.

Waa in aan ogaano in NTP ay isticmaasho nidaamka kala sareynta ee ilo waqti. Halka ugu sareysa ee qaab dhismeedka waxaa yaal ilo sax ah sida GPS ama saacadaha atomiga. Saacadahaas waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa Stratum 0 , kuwaas oo si toos ah ugu xiran serferada Stratum 1^{(Stratum 1)} oo ay la socdaan dhammaan kombiyuutarrada ku shaqeeya NTP kuwaas oo siiya wakhtiga server-yada Stratum 2 .

Ogsoonow in NTP ay isticmaasho qaab-dhismeedka macmiilka-server halkaasoo hal martigal loo dhisay sidii server NTP ah halka kuwa kale ee martida loo yahay loo habeeyey sidii macaamiisha NTP .

AKHRISO^(READ) : Sida loo arko Settings Adapter Network Wi-Fi^{(How to view Wi-Fi Network Adapter settings.)}

What are NTP and SNMP network protocols?

Chanсes are you’ve heard about network protocol in the past bυt likеly hаve little idea of what it is all about. For sure right now, we can say that there are diffеrent types of network protocols designеd for specific use cases.

We will not explain all the different types of network protocols in this article, but for sure, we will talk about two of them. They are SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), and NTP (Network Time Protocol).

What are NTP and SNMP network protocols

The idea here is to make sure that by the end, you should have a deeper understanding of what these protocols are all about, especially for those who are looking into entering the world of Networking in the near or distant future. Make no mistake; you’re about to learn a lot.

1. What is a Computer Network?
2. What are Network Protocols, you wonder?
3. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) explained
4. NTP (Network Time Protocol) explained

Let us discuss this from a more detailed perspective.

1] What is a Computer Network?

In short, a computer network is a group of computer systems connected to share resources and communicate.

2] What are Network Protocols?

OK, so a network protocol contains all the instructions and standards for devices communicating with each other, including multiple ways devices can connect and identify one another.

We should point out that some networks possess the ability to acknowledge messages and data compression for network communication, which provides a service that delivers high performance and reliability.

3] SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) explained

From our understanding, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application layer protocol that is primarily used for managing network devices. When it comes down to valuable network data from switches, routers, servers, printers, and others, the SNMP is capable of manipulating all of that.

We should also note that there are two components within an SNMP-managed network. They are as follows:

• Network management station (NMS): OK, so NMS is designed to gather SNMP information by demanding the devices on the network to reveal specific data. Not only that, but devices on your network can notify the NMS about potential problems by dispatching an SNMP alert, also known as a trap. Bear in mind the NMS software runs on the administrative computer only.
• Agent: What’s interesting about the Agent software is that it runs on managed devices that report data to the SNMP via NMS.

Related: How to enable and configure SNMP service in Windows 11/10?

4] NTP (Network Time Protocol) explained

NTP, like SNMP, is also an application layer protocol. Still, it is used for clock synchronization on a TCP/IP network between the hosts. The overall design of NTP is to make sure all computers on a particular network agree on the same clock time.

Time synchronization is necessary because differences can make life difficult for network administrators. For example, suppose the Active Directory domain controller and the host computer cannot agree on a time simultaneously. In that case, you may find it challenging to log into your AD domain.

We should note that NTP uses a hierarchical system of time sources. At the very top of the structure are accurate sources such as GPS or atomic clocks. These clocks are widely known as Stratum 0 servers, which are directly linked to Stratum 1 servers along with all computers running NTP that provide the time to the Stratum 2 servers.

Note that NTP makes use of a client-server architecture where one host is constructed as an NTP server while the other hosts are configured as NTP clients.

READ: How to view Wi-Fi Network Adapter settings.

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