Dhexdhexaadnimada netka^{(Net Neutrality)} ayaa ahayd mawduuc laga dooday dhawaan, waxaana laga yaabaa in dadku ay wali ka doodayaan xeerarka cusub ee soo baxay dhowr sano ka dib. Maqaalkani waxa uu sharxayaa waxa uu yahay dhexdhexaadnimada^(Neutrality) dhabta ah ee ku saabsan ereyo fudud, sababta ay muhiim u tahay, faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaarooyinka, sida ay u saamayso dadka isku dayaya internetka^(Internet) iyo codsiyada cusub iyo, xeerarka iyo xukunnada loo keenay doodaha, oo ay la socdaan. tusaale ama laba. Waxaan isticmaalay ereyga "isku day" sida ay doonayso inay u daboosho isticmaalayaasha dhamaadka, mareegaha, iyo xitaa bilawga internetka^(Internet) ku salaysan.

Waa maxay dhexdhexaadnimada saafiga ah - Qeexid

Macnaha asalka ah ee dhexdhexaadnimada saafiga ah wuxuu leeyahay dhammaan taraafikada internetka^(Internet) (xogta) waa in loola dhaqmaa si siman oo aan jirin xirmo xog asal gaar ah oo laga doorbido xogta kale ee ku socota internetka^(Internet) . Si kale haddii loo dhigo, dhammaan shabakadaha internetka^(Internet) waa inay ku shaqeeyaan isla celceliska xawaaraha ay bixiso ISP kaaga .

Dhibaatooyinku waxay bilowdeen markii ISP^(ISPs) -yada qaarkood ay go'aansadeen inay lacag dheeraad ah ka qaadaan mareegaha doonaya inay siiyaan khibrad fudud macaamiishooda. Dacwooyinkan waxaa markaa u gudbiya isticmaalayaasha ugu dambeeya shabakadaha. Kadib waxaa jira shabakado bilaash ah oo laga yaabo inaysan awoodin inay bixiyaan ISP^(ISPs) -yada sidaas darteedna ay ku yaraanayaan internetka^(Internet) .

Tusaalaha kale ee muhiimka ah ayaa ah in dukaanka e-commerce ee si fiican loo aasaasay uu bixin doono ISP -ga oo uu si dhakhso leh u rarmi doono halka dukaanka kale ee e-ganacsiga ee wax yar iibiya laga yaabo in aanu awoodin in uu si dhakhso ah u shubo. Taasi waxay abuuraysaa eex ku wajahan bakhaarka kaas oo si degdeg ah u xawliya oo soo jiidanaya macaamiisha celceliska xawaaraha.

Dhexdhexaadnimada^{(Neutrality –)} saafiga ah - Maxaa dhacaya runtii?

Waxaa jiray kiisas ISP^(ISPs) -yadu ay si ula kac ah u gaabinayeen xogta mareegaha caanka ah si ay lacag uga soo saaraan goobahaas. Netflix , tusaale ahaan, waa goob fiidiyoow ah oo laga daawado. Waxayna siisay lacag aad u fiican ISP^(ISPs) -yada kala duwan si dadka isticmaala ay u daawadaan fiidiyowyada iyada oo aan la joojinayn sababo la xiriira xannibaadda, iwm.

Kahor doodda sanadkan, waxaa jiray dacwad ku saabsan Comcast in ay ka gaabinayso Netflix si ay u horumariso muuqaalkeeda lacagta ah. Maaddaama fiidiyowyada maxalliga ah ee fiilada ku jira ay ka dhaqso badan yihiin kan ka soo qulqulaya internetka^(Internet) , dadka intooda badan waxay daalacan doonaan maktabadda Comcast si ay u kiraystaan ​​​​fiidiyow halkii ay ka hubin lahaayeen Netflix ama goobaha la midka ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay Tech Radar,

“ISPs are receiving money from their subscribers to access the internet, including Netflix. Now they’re receiving money from Netflix to access those same customers.”

Haddii aad si taxadar leh u akhrido kor ku xusan, waxaad si toos ah u fahmi doontaa in Netflix ay u gudbin doonto kharashyada dheeraadka ah ee daawashada siman (bandwidwid badan), macaamiisheeda.

Yaa u dhibtoonaya Shabakadda Shabakadda?

Waxaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu horreeya ee silica, waa isticmaalayaasha dhamaadka, dabcan. Kharashaadkooda is-diiwaangelinta ayaa kordha, markaa waa inay bixiyaan wax badan si ay u helaan isla nuxurkii ay hore u heli jireen oo heerar hoose ah.

Noocan lacag-bixinta ah ayaa si gaar ah waxyeello u leh mareegaha internetka ee weli u halgamaya sidii ay u noolaan lahaayeen. Kuwa cusub iyo kuwa bilaabayba way ku adkaan doontaa inay boos ka helaan tartankii hore u jiray. Sababtoo^(Just) ah ma awoodaan inay bixiyaan lacag dheeraad ah, goobahooda ayaa noqon doona kuwo gaabis ah. Iyo haddii ay dhacdo in ay bixiyaan oo ay u gudbiyaan khidmadaha macaamiisha ( isticmaalayaasha dhammaadka ), beddelkooda ayaa saameynaya. Ka soo qaad in^(Suppose) qof leeyahay fikrad wanaagsan oo beddelka Facebook ah . Waxayna ku hirgeliyaan lacag la'aan. Maadaama Facebook uu awoodo inuu bixiyo, wuxuu helayaa xawaare ka wanaagsan inta bilawga uu dhibtoonayo sababtoo ah ma bixin karo ISP^(ISPs) -yada .

Xukunka dhexdhexaadnimada saafiga ah

Guddiga Isgaarsiinta ^{(Communications)}Federaalka ^(Federal) ( ^(Commission)FCC ) wuxuu la yimid saddex xeer oo khuseeya dhammaan ISP^(ISPs) -yada .

Xeerka koowaad waxa uu ku saabsan yahay hufnaanta^{(transparency)} . Dhammaan ISP^(ISPs) -yadu waa inay xafidaan diiwaannada oo ay daabacaan warbixinta waxqabadka dhowrkii biloodba mar. Warbixinta waxqabadku waxay lahaan doontaa dhammaan macluumaadka ku saabsan taraafikada, wixii khaladaad ah iyagoo ka wakiil ah ISPs ama shirkadaha fiilada hoose ee ay adeegsato ISP si ay u gudbiyaan xogta, iyo xannibista wax kasta oo ku jira ama ku dallacaadda shabakad kasta oo loogu talagalay xawaaraha xawaaraha degdegga ah.

Xeerka labaad waxa uu ku saabsan yahay in aan sifo sharci ah loo xidhin xaaladaha^{(not blocking conditions unlawfully)} . Waxaa laga yaabaa in la yiraahdo mareego gaar ah ayaa xannibay codsi uga yimid dowladda, laakiin taasi sidoo kale waxay noqon doontaa mid si weyn isha loogu hayo sababta keentay baahida loo qabo in la xannibo goobta. Arrin kale ayaa ah ka qaadashada lacagta goobta si ay u xannibto tartamayaasheeda ama kuwa ISP u gaar ah.

Xeerka saddexaad waa wax yar oo la taaban karo maadaama aan macnihiisa si sax ah loo kala saari karin. Waxay leedahay ISP-yadu ma hoos u dhigi karaan xawaaraha internetka^{(ISPs cannot slow down the Internet speed)} haddii isticmaaluhu uu bixinayo xawaaraha sare. Mararka qaarkood^(Sometimes) , ISP^(ISPs) -yada qaarkood waxay gaabiyaan mareegaha iyagoo raba inay ilaaliyaan isku dheelitirnaanta xadhkaha xadhkaha goosashada ee ay u isticmaalaan isgaadhsiinta ( xogta safarka). Oo tan waxaa la yiraahdaa "ganacsi ahaan caqli-gal maaha". Ma cadda inta hoos u dhaca xawaaraha Internetku^(Internet) ay noqon doonto 'ganacsi ahaan aan macquul ahayn' oo markaa waa in la siiyaa muhiimad siman dhammaan noocyada xirmooyinka internetka . ^(Internet)ISP^(ISPs) -yadu waxay leeyihiin baakado kala duwan oo bixiya xawaare kala duwan. Ma noqon doonto mid u hoggaansanta sharciga haddii ISPwaxay hoos u dhigtaa xirmooyinka hoose si ay u bixiso xawaare ka wanaagsan kuwa xawaarihiisa sareeyo.

Mustaqbalka Dhexdhexaadnimada Shabakadda

Dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha Internetka^(Internet) iyo taageereyaasha xorriyatul qawlka ayaa ku kacsan FCC^(FCC) iyo ISPs . Waxay rabaan dhexdhexaadnimada Net in la ilaaliyo kharash kasta. Waxay aaminsan yihiin in xeerarka kor ku xusan si fudud loo jebin karo oo daah-furnaantu aanay wax badan ka tari doonin bixinta adeeg habboon. Qayb wanaagsan oo ka mid ah hawl-wadeennadan ayaa raba in Internetka^(Internet) loo kala saaro "Utility Public" si ay dawladdu u isticmaasho wireless-ka degmada^(Municipal) ama shabakadeeda ballaaran. Isticmaalka balaadhtanku waxa uu inta badan ku xidhan yahay xadhkaha fiilooyinka iyo sidoo kale wiyil-la'aanta. Wireless - ka dawladda hoose^(Municipal) ayaa horeba u jirtay beddelka ISP^(ISPs) -yada qaaliga ah . Mar internetka^(Internet)waxaa lagu tilmaamaa inay tahay adeeg dadweyne, waxaa yaraanaysa fursadda ISP^(ISPs) -yadu ku samayn karaan si ay u farageliyaan xawaaraha maadaama dadku u wareegi karaan xawaaladaha dawladda.

UPDATE : Dec 2017 , US FCC waxay go'aansatay inay disho dhexdhexaadnimada^{(Net Neutrality)} . Aan aragno waxa mustaqbalka noqon doona hadda…

Ma Maqashay Waxyaabaha Internetka^{(Internet Of Things)} ?^{(Heard of Internet Of Things?)}

What is Net Neutrality? Definition, Pros and Cons, Debate

Net Neutrality has been a subject of debate recently, and probably people are still debating the new rules that emerged a few years back. This post explains what is Net Neutrality really about in simple terms, why is it important, pros and cons, how it affects people trying something on the Internet and the new petitions and, the rules and rulings that have been brought in for debate, along with an example or two. I used the word “trying” as it intends to cover end-users, websites, and even Internet-based startups.

What is Net Neutrality – Definition

The original meaning of net neutrality says that all the Internet traffic (data) should be treated as equal and no data packets of a certain origin should be favored over other data traveling on the Internet. In other words, all the websites on the Internet should be working at the same average speed provided by your ISP.

Problems began when some ISPs decided that they should charge extra for websites that want to provide a smoother experience to their subscribers. These charges are then passed on to the end-users by the websites. Then there are free websites that may not be able to pay to the ISPs and therefore will be slower on the Internet.

Another important example is that a well-established e-commerce store will pay the ISP and will load faster while another e-commerce store that sells less may not be able to load that fast. That would create a bias towards the store which loads faster and thereby luring off the customers of the average speed store.

Net Neutrality – What’s Actually Happening?

There have been cases where the ISPs were deliberately slowing up data from popular websites to extract money from those sites. Netflix, for example, is a video streaming site. And it pays a good amount of money to different ISPs so that users can watch the videos without interruptions due to buffering, etc.

Before this year’s debate, there was a lawsuit on Comcast that it was slowing down Netflix to promote its own paid videos. Since local videos on cable are faster than the one streaming from the Internet, most people would browse Comcast’s own library to rent a video rather than checking into Netflix or similar sites.

According to Tech Radar,

“ISPs are receiving money from their subscribers to access the internet, including Netflix. Now they’re receiving money from Netflix to access those same customers.”

If you read the above carefully, you will automatically understand that Netflix will pass on those extra charges for smooth viewing (more bandwidth), to its customers.

Who suffers due to Net Neturality?

Among the first to suffer, are the end-users, of course. Their subscription charges increase, so they have to pay more to get the same content they used to get earlier at lower rates.

This type of paid streaming is especially harmful to websites that are still struggling to survive. The newcomers and startups will find it hard to find a place among the already existing competition. Just because they cannot afford to pay extra, their sites will be slow. And in case they pay up and pass on the charges to customers (end users), their turnover is affected. Suppose someone has a good idea of an alternative to Facebook. And they implement it free of cost. Since Facebook is able to pay, it gets better speed while the startup suffers because it cannot pay the ISPs.

Net Neutrality rulings

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) came up with three rules that apply to all the ISPs.

The first rule is about transparency. All ISPs will have to maintain records and publish a performance report every few months. This performance report will have all information about their traffic, any irregularities on behalf of ISPs or underlying cable companies used by ISP to communicate data, and blocking of any content or charging any website for faster bandwidth.

The second rule is about not blocking conditions unlawfully. It may be said that a particular website is blocked upon request from the government, but that too will be under public scrutiny as to why the need came up to block the site. Another aspect is taking money from a site to block its competitors or the ISP’s own competitors.

The third rule is a little abstract as its meaning cannot be decoded properly. It says ISPs cannot slow down the Internet speed if a user is paying for higher speeds. Sometimes, some ISPs slow down websites as they wish to maintain balance among the different bandwidths they use for communications (data traveling). And this is said to “commercially unreasonable”. It is not clear as to how many falls in the speed of Internet would be ‘commercially unreasonable’ and hence should provide equal importance to all types of Internet packages. ISPs have different packages offering different speeds. It will not be in compliance with the rule if the ISP slows down lower package holders to provide better speed to higher speed package holders.

Future of Net Neutrality

The Internet activists and free speech supporters are up in arms against the FCC and ISPs. They want Net Neutrality to be maintained at all costs. They believe the above rules can easily be breached and transparency won’t be of much help in providing a proper service. A good section of these activists wants the Internet to be classified as “public utility” so that the government may use Municipal wireless or its own broadband networks. The use of broadband depends mostly on cable lines and also on wireless. The Municipal wireless is already there as an alternative to costly ISPs. Once the Internet is classified as a public utility, there is less chance that the ISPs can do to tamper with the speeds as people can switch to government broadband.

UPDATE: In Dec 2017, the US FCC decided to kill Net Neutrality. Let us see what the future holds now…

Heard of Internet Of Things?

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