DirectX waa API ama Interface Programming Interface^{(Application Programming Interface)} . Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii dhexdhexaadiyaha u dhexeeya koodka software-ka ee ciyaaraha fiidiyowga iyo qalabka loo isticmaalo in lagu ciyaaro. DirectX la'aanteed , ciyaarista ciyaaraha fiidiyooga ma noqon doonto mid aan xanuun lahayn sida ay maanta tahay, laakiin waa maxay DirectX maxayse u tahay mid muhiim ah?

DirectX waa API , laakiin waa maxay taasi?

Waxaan sheegnay in API uu yahay software u ogolaanaya ciyaaraha inay kula xiriiraan qalabka, laakiin taasi waa fududayn weyn. Ka dib oo dhan, darawalada qalabka ku hadla nidaamka hawlgalka sidoo kale waxaa lagu sifeyn karaa si la mid ah.

Waxa API uu sameeyo waa jaangooyooyinka liiska amarada iyo astaamaha ay horumariyeyaasha ciyaarta weydiisan karaan qalabka kombayutarka inuu bixiyo. Waa lakabka softiweerka ah ee u dhexeeya ciyaarta iyo hardware taasoo tarjumeysa labada "luqadaha" ee ciyaarta iyo qalabka ku hadlaan.

Si aad u noqoto mid sax ah, API wuxuu la hadlaa darawalada qalabka isagoo ka wakiil ah ciyaarta iyo tan iyo labada darawalada ciyaarta iyo qalabka loo qoray inay u hoggaansamaan DirectX , halkii midba midka kale si toos ah, waxay la macno tahay in wadahadalku yahay mid aan toos ahayn. 

Haddii aad rabto in aad si qoto dheer u sii gasho API-yada^(APIs) , HDG wuxuu sharaxayaa: Waa maxay API? ^{(HDG Explains: What Is An API?)}waa meel fiican oo laga bilaabo.

Maalmihii Hore Ee Xun Kahor DirectX

Markaa waxaan dejinay in DirectX uu yahay API u dhexeeya ciyaarta iyo qalabka uu u baahan yahay inuu ku shaqeeyo, laakiin waa maxay sababta fiidiyowga fiidiyowga uusan si toos ah ula hadli karin kaararka garaafyada, kaarka codka iyo wixii la mid ah?

Taasi waa tii dhici jirtay. Waagii MS-DOS iyo maalmihii hore ee Windows , ciyaaraha fiidyaha waxa si toos ah loola xidhiidhi jiray darawalada qalabka.

Dhibaatada habkan ayaa ah in horumariyaha ciyaarta uu ku qasbanaaday inuu u qoro koodka badeecad kasta ama qoys kasta oo badeecad ah. Haddii aad ciyaarto ciyaar caadi ah oo MS-DOS ah maanta, waxaad arki doontaa kaarka codka la gelinayo ee noocyada sida Creative SoundBlaster ama AdLib .

Kuwani waxay ahaayeen noocyada kaararka codka ee ugu caansan, sidaas darteed horumariyeyaasha ciyaarta waxay dabooli karaan macaamiisha intooda badan iyagoo taageeraya, laakiin dhammaantood maaha. Ugu dambeyntii, qalab-sameeyayaasha aan caanka ahayn waxay abuuri doonaan badeecooyin ku habboon darawallada isku midka ah ee magacyada waaweyn. Taasi^(Which) waa sababta aan u helnay kaarar aad u badan " Sound Blaster Compatible " maalintii.

Natiijadu waxay ahayd, xitaa haddii aad heshay qalabka ugu taageerada badan, ma jirin dammaanad qaadka in ciyaar la bixiyay uu la shaqayn doono kombuyuutarkaaga. DirectX ayaa xalliyey dhibaatadan.

DirectX Waxyaalaha U Fududeeya^{(DirectX Makes Things Easier)} Soosaarayaasha iyo^(Developers) Sameeyayaasha Hardware^{(Hardware Makers)}

Nooc kasta oo ka mid ah DirectX (oo aan ku jirno DirectX 12 ) wuxuu dejiyaa qalabka hardware iyo software ee qalabka ku habboon uu leeyahay. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, haddii aad rabto in kaadhka garaafyada lagu shahaado nooca ugu dambeeya ee DirectX , waa inay lahaataa ugu yar ee awoodaha lagu dhex dhisay.

Soo-saarayaashu markaa waxay qoraan ciyaarahooda inaysan la socon kaarka garaafyada gaarka ah, laakiin si ay ula jaan qaadaan DirectX lafteeda. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, labada qalab-sameeyayaasha iyo kuwa ciyaarta horumariyaba waxay u jaangooyaan badeecadahooda DirectX iyo, sidaas oo kale, ciyaar kasta iyo qayb kasta oo qalab ah oo loogu talagalay inay la shaqeyso nooc gaar ah oo DirectX ah ayaa loo dammaanad qaaday inay si wacan isula ciyaaraan.

DirectX waa "X" ee Xbox

Qof kastaa wuu ogyahay in labada magac ee ugu weyn ee ku yaal goobta ciyaarta fiidiyooga ah ay yihiin PlayStation iyo Xbox , laakiin waxa laga yaabo inaadan ogeyn ayaa ah in magaca asalka ah ee kan dambe uu ahaa markii hore "DirectX Box".

Waxay u badan tahay inay ugu wanaagsan tahay in Microsoft ay go'aansato inay soo gaabiyo magaca, laakiin sidoo kale waa sharraxaad sax ah oo ku saabsan console-ka. Xbox-kii ugu horreeyay waxaa lagu xiray qalab kombuyuutar ah, isagoo ku shaqeynaya nooc la gooyay oo ah Windows iyo DirectX . Taasi wali waa run maanta Xbox Series X iyo consolesyadii^{(Xbox Series X and S consoles)} ugu dambeeyay ee S. 

Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu weyn ee tan ayaa ah in ciyaaraha u dhexeeya Xbox iyo Windows PC ay aad u fudud yihiin. Maadaama ay ku dhaqmaan isla madal isku mid ah. PlayStation iyo Nintendo Switch waxay isticmaalaan API-yadooda^(APIs) si kastaba ha ahaatee, taas oo noo keenta xaqiiqada xigta ee muhiimka ah ee DirectX .

DirectX maaha ciyaarta^(Game) kaliya ee magaalada^(Town)

In kasta oo DirectX ay noqotay mid ka mid ah ^(DirectX)API-yada^(APIs) ugu muhiimsan uguna baahsan , way ka fog tahay tan kaliya. Ururo badan oo kala duwan ayaa garwaaqsaday inay jirto baahi loo qabo habayn. Iyadoo DirectX ay tahay API ka kooban wax walba laga bilaabo garaafyada ilaa kantaroolayaasha ciyaarta, waxaa sidoo kale jira API-yo^(APIs) diirada saaraya kaliya hal dhinac, sida garaafyada.

Markii kaararka garaafyada 3D ee ugu horreeyay bilaabay inuu caan noqdo bartamihii 90-meeyadii, baahida loo qabo sawirada API-yada^(APIs) ayaa noqotay mid daran. Kaararka 3dFX Voodoo waxay adeegsadeen Glide API -ga iska leh . OpenGL ( Open Graphics Library ) waa halbeeg furan oo weli caan ah maanta oo u jira qaabkiisa casriga ah sida Vulkan . Sidoo kale, Apple waxay leedahay birta API^{(Metal API)} -ga qalabkeeda waxaana jira qaar badan oo kale oo ka mid ah qaybaha kale ee qalabka sida telefoonnada gacanta iyo tablet-yada.

Iyadoo DirectX uusan lahayn awood buuxda oo suuqa ah, API-yada^(APIs) kale waxaa saameeya waxa Microsoft ay go'aansatay inay ku amrto nooc kasta oo DirectX ah . Marka sidaas la sheego, kuma ay amar qaataan dadka kale. Nooc kasta oo ka mid ah DirectX waxaa loo abuuray iyadoo lala tashanayo dhammaan dadka ay khuseyso, sidaa darteed xiriirku wuxuu u muuqdaa mid ka sii wada dhexeeya intii la malayn karo.

DirectX ma aha wax aad u baahan tahay inaad ka walwasho

Su'aasha ugu weyni waxay tahay ilaa xad intee le'eg tahay adiga, isticmaaluhu, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka walwasho DirectX . Waagii hore, oo leh noocyadii hore ee DirectX ee nidaamyada Windows hore , waa inaad ku rakibtaa DirectX gacanta. Inta badan, ciyaarta la bixiyay waxay xidhi doontaa nooca ugu yar ee DirectX ay u baahan tahay. Haddii rakibahaas uu ka helo nooc cusub oo jiilka DirectX ee nidaamka si fudud waxba uma rakibi doono.

Nooc kasta oo DirectX ah (tusaale 9c,11 &12) waa shay u gaar ah, laakiin Windows 10 waxay la socotaa nuqullo iyaga ka mid ah oo horay loo rakibay. Ciyaarahaagii hore waxay si fiican ugu socon doonaan kumbuyuutarkaaga cusub ee dhalaalaya Windows 10 .

Waxa aad uga sii muhiimsan waa xulashada qalabkaaga. Waxaad mar walba cusbooneysiin kartaa software-ka ama soo dejisan kartaa software saxda ah si aad ciyaaraha retro uga dhigto mid shaqeynaya, laakiin qalabka aad haysato lama bedeli karo iyada oo aan la cusboonaysiin ama kombiyuutar cusub.

U Hogaansanaanta Qalabka ee DirectX

Qayb kasta oo qalab ah oo ku habboon ciyaaraha-fiidyaha ama codsi kasta oo kale ee adeegsada tignoolajiyada la midka ah, guud ahaan waa u hoggaansan yahay nooca ugu dambeeyay ee DirectX wakhtiga la siidaayay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii nooc cusub oo DirectX ah la sii daayo, waxaa jirta fursad laga yaabo in qalabkaaga jira aanu u hoggaansamin haddii ay maqan tahay qalab qalab ah oo nooca cusub ee DirectX u baahan yahay inuu shaqeeyo. Tani maaha sabab aad isla markiiba u bedesho qalabkaaga in kastoo! 

Had iyo jeer waxa jira xilli kala guur ah oo ay ciyaaruhu taageeraan noocyo badan oo DirectX ah . Tusaale ahaan, hadda waa wax caadi ah ciyaaraha si ay u taageeraan labada DirectX 11 iyo DirectX 12 . Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aad suuqa ugu jirto qalab cusub (gaar ahaan GPU-yada^(GPUs) ) markaa waa fikrad wanaagsan inaad iibsato shay la jaan qaadaya nooca cusub ee ugu weyn ee DirectX . Maadaama aad jeclaan lahayd in iibkaaga cusub uu sii ahaado mid khuseeya ugu yaraan dhowr sano.

Intaad ku jirto, waxaad sidoo kale hubin kartaa haddii qalabkaaga cusub uu waafaqsan yahay noocyadii ugu dambeeyay ee API-yada^(APIs) kale ee waaweyn , sida Vulcan , sidoo kale.

What Is DirectX and Why Is It Important?

DirectX is an API or Appliсation Programming Interface. It acts as the middleman between the software сodе of video games and the hardware used to play them. Without DirectX, playing video games would not be as painless as it is todаy, but what is DirectX and why is it so critical?

DirectX Is an API, but What Is That?

We’ve said that an API is software that lets games communicate with hardware, but that’s a big oversimplification. After all, hardware drivers that speak to the operating system can also be described in the same way.

What an API does is standardize the catalogue of commands and features that game developers can ask computer hardware to provide. It’s a layer of software between the game and hardware that translates the two “languages” that the game and hardware device speak.

To be more accurate, the API speaks to the hardware drivers on behalf of the game and since both the game and hardware drivers have been written to be compliant with DirectX, rather than each other directly, it means that conversation is seamless. 

If you want to dig deeper into APIs, HDG Explains: What Is An API? is a great place to start.

The Bad Old Days Before DirectX

So we’ve established that DirectX is an API that stands between a game and the hardware that it needs to run, but why can’t the video game just talk directly to the graphics card, sound card and so on?

That’s exactly what used to happen. In the days of MS-DOS and the early days of Windows, video games communicated directly with hardware drivers.

The problem with this approach is that the game developer had to write code for every individual product or product family. If you play a classic MS-DOS game today, you’ll see sound card entries for brands such as Creative SoundBlaster or AdLib.

These were the most popular sound card brands, so game developers could cover most customers by supporting them, but not all. Eventually, lesser-known hardware makers would create products that were compatible with the same drivers as the big names. Which is why we got so many “Sound Blaster Compatible” cards back in the day.

The result was that, even if you got the most widely supported hardware, there was no guarantee that a given game would work with your computer. DirectX solved this problem.

DirectX Makes Things Easier for Developers and Hardware Makers

Each version of DirectX (and we’re up to DirectX 12) lays down the set of hardware and software features that compatible hardware must have. In other words, if you want your graphics card to be certified for the latest version of DirectX, it has to have a minimum set of capabilities built into it.

Developers then write their games not to be compatible with a specific graphics card, but to be compatible with DirectX itself. In other words, both hardware makers and game developers standardize their products to DirectX and, as such, any game and hardware component designed to work with a specific version of DirectX are guaranteed to play nicely with each other.

DirectX Is The “X” in Xbox

Everyone knows that the two biggest names in the video game console space are PlayStation and Xbox, but what you might not know is that the original name of the latter was at first “DirectX Box”.

It’s probably for the best that Microsoft decided to shorten the name, but it’s also a very accurate description of the console. The first Xbox was cobbled together with PC hardware, running a cut-down version of Windows and DirectX. That’s still true today with the latest Xbox Series X and S consoles. 

One big benefit of this is that porting games between Xbox and Windows PC is very simple. Since they are in effect the same platform. PlayStation and Nintendo Switch use their own APIs however, which brings us to the next important fact about DirectX.

DirectX is Not the Only Game in Town

While DirectX has become one of the most important and widespread APIs, it’s far from the only one. Many different organizations recognized that there was a need for standardization. While DirectX is an API that encompasses everything from graphics to game controllers, there are also APIs that only focus on one aspect, such as graphics.

When the first 3D graphics card started to become popular in the mid 90s, the need for graphics APIs became acute. The 3dFX Voodoo cards used the proprietary Glide API. OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is an open standard that remains popular today and exists in its modern form as Vulkan. Also, Apple has its Metal API for its own devices and there are many more in other device categories such as mobile phones and tablets.

While DirectX doesn’t have complete market dominance, other APIs are influenced by what Microsoft decided to mandate in each version of DirectX. That being said, they don’t dictate to everyone else. Each version of DirectX is created in consultation with all the stakeholders, so the relationship does seem to be more mutual than one might assume.

DirectX isn’t Something You Need to Worry About

The big question is to what extent you, the user, need to worry about DirectX. In the past, with earlier versions of DirectX on older Windows systems, you would have to install DirectX manually. Most of the time, a given game would bundle the minimum version of DirectX it needed. If that installer detected a newer version of that DirectX generation on the system it would simply install nothing.

Each DirectX version (e.g. 9c,11 &12) is its own thing, but Windows 10 comes with copies of them preinstalled. Your older games will run just fine on your shiny new Windows 10 computer.

What’s far more important is your selection of hardware. You can always update the software or download the right software to make retro games work, but the hardware you have can’t be changed without an upgrade or a new computer.

Hardware Compliance With DirectX

Every piece of hardware that’s relevant to videogames or any other application that uses similar technology, is generally compliant with the latest version of DirectX at the time of its release.

However, should a new version of DirectX be released, there’s a chance your existing hardware might not be compliant if it’s missing a hardware feature that a new version of DirectX needs to work. This isn’t a reason to immediately switch your hardware though! 

There’s always a transitional period where games support multiple versions of DirectX. For example, it’s currently typical for games to support both DirectX 11 and DirectX 12. However, if you’re in the market for a new piece of hardware (especially GPUs) then it’s a good idea to buy something that’s compatible with the newest major version of DirectX. Since you’d like your new purchase to remain relevant for at least a few years.

While you’re at it, you may as well check if your new hardware is compliant with the latest versions of other major competing APIs, such as Vulcan, as well.

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