Farsamo ahaan, Firmware waa qayb ka mid ah Software -ka , maadaama ereyga dambe uu ku jiro qayb kasta oo faa'iido leh oo kood ah. Ficil ahaan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ereyga softiweerku wuxuu tilmaamayaa barnaamij aad u kala duwan.

Guud ahaan, firmware waa magaca koodka heerka hooseeya kaas oo si toos ah ula xiriira qalabka. Barnaamij kasta oo ka shaqeeya lakabkan korkiisa wuxuu ka kooban yahay software-ka. Ma wareersan tahay? Halkan waxaa ah muuqaal qoto dheer.

Noocyada badan ee Software-ka

Dhibaatada ereyga software waa in uu aad u ballaaran yahay. Nidaam kasta oo tilmaamo ah oo xakameyn kara kombiyuutarka - ama qalab kasta oo elektaroonig ah, arrinkaas - waxaa loo tixgelin karaa software.

Tani ma ahayn arrin maalmihii hore ee xisaabinta marka dhammaan barnaamijyada lagu qoray kulanka oo si toos ah ula xidhiidha qalabka si ay u qabtaan hawl kasta. Laakiin maalmahan aaladda xisaabinta waxay ku socotaa lakabyada lakabyada koodka, iyada oo isticmaaluhu kaliya uu soo bandhigay barnaamijyada sare.

Loo yaqaan Software Software^{(Application Software)} , qaybtan ka mid ah barnaamijyada saaxiibtinimo ee adeegsadaha waxaa ku jira dhammaan apps iyo utilities aad ku isticmaasho kombayutarkaga, sida browserka webka ama editor word. Hoos waxaa ku yaal Nidaamka^(System) Operating , la macaamilka tafaasiisha heerka hoose ah sida u-bandhigidda muuqaalka shaashadda iyo maaraynta gelinta.

Dadka intooda badan waxay u maleynayaan inay halkan ku dhammaanayso, laakiin nidaamka qalliinka dhif ayuu si toos ah ula xiriiraa qalabka. Waxaa jira lakab kale oo ka hooseeya OS kaas oo siinaya software nidaamka hab sahlan oo lagu galo hawlaha hardware. Taasina waa Firmware -ka .

Firmware: Lakabka Aasaasiga^{(Foundation Layer)} ah ee Software

Inta badan luqadaha barnaamijyada heerka sare ah, samaynta waxyaabaha ay ka midka yihiin soo bandhigida sawirka shaashadda waa amar fudud. Haddana meel ka mid ah kombuyuutarka, waxaa jira gabal kood ah oo mas'uul ka ah u tarjumaada amarkaas tilmaamaha processor-ka dhabta ah.

Firmware waa isku xirka u dhexeeya hardware iyo software, taasoo u oggolaanaysa horumariyayaasha inay isticmaalaan awoodaha aaladda iyada oo loo marayo interface barnaamijeed la fududeeyay halkii ay ka isticmaali lahaayeen tilmaamaha gaarka ah ee CPU. Kumbiyuutarka, firmware-kani waa Nidaamka Wax-soo- gelinta Aasaasiga ah ee caanka ah (BIOS)^{(Basic Input Output System (BIOS))} , oo la heli karo xitaa OS la'aan.

Qalabka elektiroonigga ah ee fudud sida fogaanta TV-ga ama router-ka, firmware-ku wuxuu labanlaabmaa nidaamka hawlgalka sidoo kale. Mashiinada noocan oo kale ah looguma talagalin rakibaadda software-ka dhinac saddexaad sida PC-ga oo ku tiirsan firmware-ka si ay u qabtaan dhammaan hawlaha lagama maarmaanka ah.

Sidee Firmware^{(Firmware Installed)} Loogu Rakibaayaa^(Device) Aalladda ?

Ma jiro qalab elektaroonik ah oo la isticmaali karo la'aanteed firmware. Tani waa sababta dhammaan qaybaha elektiroonigga ah ay la yimaadaan firmware-ka uu horay u sii rakibay soo saaraha.

Xataa kombuyuutarrada, barnaamijkan waxa lagu kaydiyaa chip-ka gaarka ah ee Motherboard-ka, ee ma aha Hard Drive-ka. Tani waxay suurtogal ka dhigaysaa in la kiciyo kombuyuutarka oo la habeeyo goobaha qalabka iyada oo aan la rakibin nidaamka hawlgalka.

Cusbooneysiinta firmware-ka maaha mid sahlan mana aha lagama maarmaan inta badan aaladaha. Sida koodhka xakamaynta aasaasiga ah ee mashiinka, khalkhalgelinta waxay ka dhigi kartaa qalabka mid aan la isticmaali karin. Kumbuyuutarku waa ka reebban yahay, u oggolaanaya casriyeynta BIOS in lagu rakibo^{(BIOS upgrades to be installed)} isticmaaluhu isagoo shidaya chip-ka.

Firmware vs Software: Marka la eego

Sidee Firmware uga duwan yahay Software-ka^{(Firmware Different From Software)} ?

Hardware iyo Software waxaa badanaa loogu yeeraa labada qaybood ee qalabka elektarooniga ah, laakiin taasi sawir buuxa maaha. Nidaamyada^(Systems) hawlgalka iyo arjiyada si toos ah ulama xidhiidhi karaan qalabka, iyaga oo u baahan lakab kood gaar ah si loo xakameeyo farqiga.

Qaybtaas isku xidha waa Firmware . Waxay ka kooban tahay tilmaamo gaar ah oo qaab dhismeedka si toos ah u koontaroolaya qalabka, iyo elektiroonigga fudud, waxay u dhaqmaan sida OS aasaasiga ah sidoo kale. Aaladaha kale ee firmware-ka waxa ay siisaa interface-ka aan la taaban karin ee software beddelkeeda, taas oo u oggolaanaysa OS-ku inuu isticmaalo qalabka isagoon dan ka lahayn dhismaha hoose.

Dabeecaddiisa lama huraanka ah awgeed, firmware-ku wuxuu ku yimaadaa horay loogu raray chip-ka flash-ka ee Motherboard-ka laftiisa, isagoo ka madax bannaan barnaamij kasta oo saxanka lagu qoro. Waxa kaliya oo lagu cusboonaysiin karaa (ie. “flashed”) oo leh habab gaar ah^{(updated (ie. “flashed”) with specialized processes)} , oo ka duwan rakibidda fudud ee xidhmooyinka software-ka.

Dhammaan aaladaha elektiroonigga ah iyo qaybaha durugsan waxay la yimaadaan firmware iyaga u gaar ah. Kaamirooyinka dhijitaalka ah, taleefannada casriga ah, ^(Digital)SSDs , iyo xitaa darawallada USB - haddii ay haysato qalab u baahan in la xakameeyo, waxaa saaran qalab firmware ah si loo maareeyo.

What Is the Difference Between Firmware and Software?

Technically, Firmware is just a subset of Software, sіnce the latter term includeѕ each and every useful piece of code. In practice, however, the term software refers to a very different class of programs.

Generally speaking, firmware is the name for low-level code that directly interfaces with the hardware. Any programs that work on top of this layer comprise the software. Confused? Here’s a deeper look.

The Many Types of Software

The problem with the term software is that it’s too broad. Any set of instructions that can control a computer – or any other electronic device, for that matter – can be considered software.

This wasn’t an issue in the early days of computing when all programs were written in assembly and directly interfaced with the hardware to do any task. But these days a computing device runs on layers upon layers of code, with the user only exposed to the programs on the top.

Called Application Software, this category of user-friendly programs includes all apps and utilities you use on your PC, such as the web browser or word editor. Below that lies the Operating System, dealing with low-level details like rendering visuals to the screen and handling input.

Most people think that it ends here, but the operating system rarely communicates directly with the hardware. There is another layer below the OS that gives system software an easy way to access hardware functions. And that’s the Firmware.

Firmware: The Foundation Layer of Software

In most high-level programming languages, doing things like displaying an image on the screen is a simple command. Yet somewhere in the computer, there is a piece of code responsible for translating that command into actual processor instructions.

Firmware is the link between hardware and software, allowing developers to use the device’s capabilities through a simplified programming interface instead of CPU-specific instructions. For a computer, this firmware is the well-known Basic Input Output System (BIOS), accessible even without an OS.

In simpler electronic devices like a TV remote or a router, the firmware doubles up as the operating system as well. Such machines aren’t meant for the installation of third-party application software like a PC and rely on the firmware to perform all necessary tasks.

How Is Firmware Installed On a Device?

No electronic device is usable without firmware. This is why all electronic components come with firmware pre-installed by the manufacturer.

Even on computers, this program is stored on a specialized flash chip on the motherboard, not the hard drive. This makes it possible to boot up a computer and configure hardware settings without an operating system installed.

Updating firmware is neither easy nor necessary on most devices. As the fundamental control code for the machine, messing it up can render the hardware unusable. Computers are an exception, allowing BIOS upgrades to be installed by the user by flashing the chip.

Firmware vs Software: At a Glance

How Is Firmware Different From Software?

Hardware and Software are commonly called the two components of an electronic device, but that isn’t the complete picture. Operating Systems and applications cannot communicate with the hardware directly, requiring a layer of specialized code to bridge the gap.

And that linking element is Firmware. It consists of architecture-specific instructions that directly control the hardware, and in simple electronics, act as a basic OS as well. In other devices firmware provides an abstract interface to software instead, allowing the OS to use the hardware without caring about the underlying architecture.

Because of its essential nature, firmware comes pre-loaded on a flash chip on the motherboard itself, independent of any software written to the disk. It can only be updated (ie. “flashed”) with specialized processes, unlike the simple installation of software packages.

All electronic devices and peripheral components come with their own firmware. Digital cameras, smartphones, SSDs, and even USB drives – if it has hardware that needs to be controlled, there is firmware onboard to manage it.

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