Meel kasta oo aad maanta tagto, waxaa jira shabakad WiFi oo aad ku xidhi karto. Haddi ay ahaan lahayd guriga, xafiiska ama dukaanka kafeega, waxa jira shabakado badan oo WiFi ah. Shabakad kasta oo WiFi^{(Every WiFi)} ah ayaa lagu rakibay nooc ka mid ah amniga shabakadda, midkoodna u furan dhammaan si ay u galaan ama aad u xaddidan halkaas oo kaliya macaamiisha qaarkood ay ku xidhi karaan.

Marka ay timaado amniga WiFi , waxaa jira runtii dhowr ikhtiyaar oo kaliya oo aad haysato, gaar ahaan haddii aad dejinayso shabakad wireless guriga. Saddexda hab-maamuus ee amniga ee maanta waa WEP , WPA , iyo WPA2 . Labada algorithm ee waaweyn ee lagu isticmaalo hab-maamuusyadan waa TKIP iyo AES oo wata CCMP . Waxaan si faahfaahsan ugu sharxi doonaa qaar ka mid ah fikradahan hoos.

Waa kee ikhtiyaarka amniga ee la dooranayo?

Haddii aadan dan ka lahayn dhammaan faahfaahinta farsamada ee ka dambeysa mid kasta oo ka mid ah borotokoolladan oo kaliya oo aad rabto inaad ogaato midka aad u dooranayso routerkaaga wireless, ka dibna fiiri liiska hoose. Waxay ka soo gashay ka ugu amniga badan ilaa ugu aaminka yar. Doorashada badbaadada badan ee aad dooran karto, ayaa ka sii wanaagsan.

Haddii aadan hubin in qaar ka mid ah aaladahaagu ay awood u yeelan doonaan inay ku xidhmaan iyagoo isticmaalaya habka ugu badbaadsan, waxaan kuu soo jeedinayaa inaad awood u yeelato ka dibna hubi inaad aragto inay jiraan wax dhibaato ah. Waxaan u maleeyay in dhowr qalab aysan taageeri doonin sirta ugu sareysa, laakiin waxaan la yaabay inaan ogaado inay si fiican ugu xiran yihiin.

1. WPA2 Enterprise (802.1x RADIUS)
2. WPA2-PSK AES
3. WPA-2-PSK AES + WPA-PSK TKIP
4. WPA TKIP
5. WEP
6. Furan (Ma jirto ammaan)

Waxaa xusid mudan in WPA2 Enterprise uusan isticmaalin furayaasha horay loo wadaagay ( PSK ), balse taa beddelkeeda ay isticmaasho nidaamka EAP oo u baahan server-ka ^(EAP)RADIUS dhabarka si loo xaqiijiyo iyadoo la adeegsanayo magaca isticmaale iyo erayga sirta ah. PSK - ga aad ku aragto WPA2 iyo WPA asal ahaan waa furaha shabakadaha bilaa-waayirka ah ee ay tahay in aad gasho marka ugu horraysa ee aad ku xidhidhayso shabkada bilaa-waayirka ah.

WPA2 Enterprise waa hab aad u adag in la habeeyo waxaana badanaa lagu sameeyaa deegaanka shirkadaha ama guryaha milkiilayaasha farsamo ahaan aad u yaqaan. Dhab ahaantii, kaliya waxaad awoodi doontaa inaad ka doorato xulashooyinka 2 ilaa 6, in kasta oo router-yada badankood aysan xitaa haysan ikhtiyaarka WEP ama WPA TKIP mar dambe sababtoo ah ammaan ma qabaan.

Dulmarka WEP, WPA iyo WPA2

Ma aadi doono faahfaahin farsamo oo badan oo ku saabsan mid kasta oo ka mid ah hab-maamuusyadan sababtoo ah waxaad si fudud u Google-ka siin kartaa macluumaad badan oo badan. Asal ahaan^(Basically) , borotokoolka amniga bilaa-waayirka ahi waxa uu bilaabmay dabayaaqadii 90-meeyadii waxana uu socday tan iyo markaas. Mahadsanid, in yar oo borotokoollada ah ayaa la aqbalay sidaas darteed aad bay u fududahay in la fahmo.

WEP

Qarsoodi u dhigma ee WEP ama Wired Equivalent^{(Wired Equivalent Privacy)} ayaa la sii daayay 1997 iyadoo ay la socoto heerka 802.11 ee shabakadaha wirelesska. Waxay ahayd inay bixiso sirta u dhiganta shabakadaha fiilo (sidaa darteed magaca).

WEP waxay ku bilawday 64-bit encryption ugu danbayntii waxay tagtay ilaa 256-bit encryption, laakiin hirgalinta ugu caansan ee router-ku waxay ahayd 128-bit encryption. Nasiib darro, wax yar ka dib markii la soo bandhigay WEP , cilmi-baarayaasha amniga waxay heleen dhowr nuglaanta kuwaas oo u oggolaaday inay furaha WEP dhowr daqiiqo gudaheed.^(WEP)

Xataa hagaajinta iyo hagaajinta, borotokoolka WEP wuxuu ahaaday mid nugul oo sahlan in la geliyo. Iyadoo laga jawaabayo dhibaatooyinkaas, Isbahaysiga WiFi wuxuu^{(WiFi Alliance)} soo bandhigay WPA ama WiFi Access Protected Access^{(WiFi Protected Access)} , kaas oo la ansixiyay 2003.

WPA

WPA ayaa dhab ahaantii loogu talagalay in lagu daweeyo dhexdhexaad ah ilaa ay ka dhamaystirayaan WPA2 , kaas oo la soo bandhigay 2004 oo hadda ah heerka hadda la isticmaalo. WPA waxay isticmaashay TKIP ama borotokoolka daacadnimada furaha^{( Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)} ku meel gaadhka ah si ay u hubiso daacadnimada fariinta. Tani way ka duwanayd WEP , taas oo adeegsatay CRC ama Hubinta Dib-u-celinta Cyclic^{(Cyclic Redundancy Check)} . TKIP aad ayuu uga xoog badnaa CRC .

Nasiib darro, si ay arrimuhu is waafajiyaan, Isbahaysiga WiFi wuxuu^{(WiFi Alliance)} ka amaahday qaybo ka mid ah WEP , taas oo ku dhammaatay inay WPA ka dhigto TKIP mid aan ammaan ahayn sidoo kale. WPA waxaa ku jiray muuqaal cusub oo loo yaqaan WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) , kaas oo la rabay inuu u fududeeyo isticmaaleyaasha inay ku xidhmaan aaladaha router-ka wireless-ka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay ku dhammaatay inay yeelato baylahda u ogolaatay cilmi-baarayaasha amniga inay jebiyaan furaha WPA muddo gaaban gudaheed sidoo kale.

WPA2

WPA2 waxa ay diyaar noqotay horraantii 2004tii waxaana si rasmi ah loogu baahnaa 2006. Isbeddelka ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya WPA iyo WPA2 waxa uu ahaa adeegsiga AES encryption algorithm oo leh CCMP halkii TKIP .

Gudaha WPA , AES waxay ahayd ikhtiyaari, laakiin WPA2 , AES waa qasab TKIPna^(TKIP) waa ikhtiyaari. Xagga amniga, AES aad ayay uga ammaan badan tahay TKIP . Waxaa jiray arrimo qaarkood laga helay WPA2 , laakiin waxay yihiin kaliya dhibaatooyinka deegaanka shirkadaha mana khuseeyaan isticmaalayaasha guriga.

WPA waxay isticmaashaa furaha 64-bit ama 128-bit, kan ugu caansan waa 64-bit ee router-yada guriga. WPA 2-PSK iyo WPA 2-Personal waa erayo la isweydaarsan karo.

Markaa haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad waxyaalahan oo dhan wax ka xasuusato, waa tan: WPA2 waa borotokoolka ugu ammaansan iyo AES oo leh CCMP waa sirta ugu ammaansan. Intaa waxaa dheer, WPS waa in la naafo maadaama ay aad u fududahay in la jabsado oo la qabto PIN -ka router-ka , kaas oo markaa loo isticmaali karo in lagu xiro router-ka. Haddii aad wax su'aalo ah qabtid, xor u noqo inaad faallo ka bixiso. Ku raaxayso!

What is the Difference between WPA2, WPA, WEP, AES, and TKIP?

Prеtty much everywhere yоu go today, there is a WіFi network you can connect to. Whether it be аt hоme, at the office or at the lоcal coffee ѕhop, there are a рlethora of WiFі networks. Every WiFi network is setup with some kind of network security, eіther open for all to access or extremely restricted where only certain clients can connect.

When it comes to WiFi security, there are really only a couple of options you have, especially if you are setting up a home wireless network. The three big security protocols today are WEP, WPA, and WPA2. The two big algorithms that are used with these protocols are TKIP and AES with CCMP. I’ll explain some of these concepts in more detail below.

Which Security Option to Pick?

If you don’t care about all the technical details behind each one of these protocols and just want to know which one to select for your wireless router, then check out the list below. It’s ranked from most secure to least secure. The more secure option you can choose, the better.

If you’re not sure if some of your devices will be able to connect using the most secure method, I suggest you enable it and then check to see if there are any issues. I thought several devices would not support the highest encryption, but was surprised to find out they connected just fine.

1. WPA2 Enterprise (802.1x RADIUS)
2. WPA2-PSK AES
3. WPA-2-PSK AES + WPA-PSK TKIP
4. WPA TKIP
5. WEP
6. Open (No security)

It’s worth noting that WPA2 Enterprise doesn’t use pre-shared keys (PSK), but instead uses the EAP protocol and requires a backend RADIUS server for authentication using a username and password. The PSK that you see with WPA2 and WPA is basically the wireless network key that you have to enter when connecting to a wireless network for the first time.

WPA2 Enterprise is way more complex to setup and is usually only done in corporate environments or in homes very technically-savvy owners. Practically, you will only be able to choose from options 2 thru 6, though most routers now don’t even have an option for WEP or WPA TKIP anymore because they are insecure.

WEP, WPA and WPA2 Overview

I’m not going to go into too much technical detail about each of these protocols because you could easily Google them for lots of more information. Basically, wireless security protocols came about starting in the late 90’s and have been evolving since then. Thankfully, only a handful of protocols were accepted and therefore it’s much easier to understand.

WEP

WEP or Wired Equivalent Privacy was released back in 1997 along with the 802.11 standard for wireless networks. It was supposed to provide confidentiality that was equivalent to that of wired networks (hence the name).

WEP started off with 64-bit encryption and eventually went all the way up to 256-bit encryption, but the most popular implementation in routers was 128-bit encryption. Unfortunately, very soon after the introduction of WEP, security researchers found several vulnerabilities that allowed them to crack a WEP key within a few minutes.

Even with upgrades and fixes, the WEP protocol remained vulnerable and easy to penetrate. In response to these problems, the WiFi Alliance introduced WPA or WiFi Protected Access, which was adopted in 2003.

WPA

WPA was actually meant to just an intermediate remedy until they could finalize WPA2, which was introduced in 2004 and is now the standard used presently. WPA used TKIP or Temporal Key Integrity Protocol as a way to ensure message integrity. This was different from WEP, which used CRC or Cyclic Redundancy Check. TKIP was much stronger than CRC.

Unfortunately, to keep things compatible, the WiFi Alliance borrowed some aspects from WEP, which ended up making WPA with TKIP insecure also. WPA included a new feature called WPS (WiFi Protected Setup), which was supposed to make it easier for users to connect devices to the wireless router. However, it ended up having vulnerabilities that allowed security researchers to crack a WPA key within a short period of time also.

WPA2

WPA2 became available as early as 2004 and was officially required by 2006. The biggest change between WPA and WPA2 was the use of the AES encryption algorithm with CCMP instead of TKIP.

In WPA, AES was optional, but in WPA2, AES is mandatory and TKIP is optional. In terms of security, AES is much more secure than TKIP. There have been some issues found in WPA2, but they are only problems in corporate environments and don’t apply to home users.

WPA uses either a 64-bit or 128-bit key, the most common being 64-bit for home routers. WPA2-PSK and WPA2-Personal are interchangeable terms.

So if you need to remember something from all this, it’s this: WPA2 is the most secure protocol and AES with CCMP is the most secure encryption. In addition, WPS should be disabled as it’s very easy to hack and capture the router PIN, which can then be used to connect to the router. If you have any questions, feel free to comment. Enjoy!

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