Markii ugu dambeysay oo aad suuqa ka raadisay TV ama kumbuyuutarka, miyaad la kulantay ereyada TN, IPS , ama VA ? Ma^(Did) la yaabtay macnaha magacyadaas iyo inay macno leeyihiin? Haddii aad samaysay, ama haddii aad rabto inaad ogaato sababta qaar ka mid ah shaashadaha ay uga fiican yihiin kuwa kale, akhri maqaalkan. Waxaan sharaxnaa faa'iidooyinka iyo dib u dhacyada TN, IPS , iyo VA , sidoo kale waxaan ku tusinaa noocyada bandhigyada ee midabada ugu fiican, kuwaas oo leh saamiga ugu fiican ee isbarbardhigga, iyo kuwa ugu dhaqsaha badan.

Waa maxay bandhigga TN?

TN waxay ka timaad Nematic Twisted,^{(Twisted Nematic,)} waana mid ka mid ah tignoolajiyada ugu da'da weyn ee loo isticmaalo abuurista bandhigyada LCD . Shaashadaha adeegsata muraayadaha Nematic^{(Twisted Nematic)} -ka ee qalloocan ayaa ka qiimo jaban kuwa isticmaala tignoolajiyada kale ee soo bandhiga sida IPS ama VA , laakiin sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin cillado badan. Dabaqyada TN^(TN) caadi ahaan waxay leeyihiin dhalmo midab xun, iyo xaglaha daawashada waa xaddidan yihiin, badi ahaan jihada toosan.

Bandhigyada Nematic^{(Twisted Nematic)} ee qalloocan waxay matalaan midabada iyagoo isticmaalaya kaliya lix bits halkii kanaalka RGB^{(RGB channel)} , kaas oo soo koobaya wadarta 18 bits. Taasi way ka badan tahay tan caadiga ah ee 16-bit ee kanaal kasta matalaysa midabka, laakiin way ka yar tahay 24-bit matalada midabka kanaalka. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, muraayadaha TN ma soo saari karaan dhammaan 16 milyan oo midab ee laga heli karo booska midabka 24-bit ee RGB .

Intaa waxaa dheer, bandhigyada TN waxay la ildaran yihiin qaab sii xumaanaya oo isbeddel dhalaal ah iyo beddelaad midab marka xagal daawashada isbeddelo. Haddii aad la yaabban tahay waxa ay taasi ka dhigan tahay, jawaabtu waa in midabada aad aragto ay si weyn isu beddelaan iyadoo ku xiran hadba meesha aad u taagan tahay si aad u daawato shaashadda. Ilaa aad u eegayso bandhiga TN si toos ah, oo aad hortiisa ku joogto, midabadu sax maaha. Waxoogaa u dhaqaaq dhanka bidix ama midig, ama kaba sii daran, u dhaqaaq kor ama hoos marka loo eego shaadhka TN^(TN) , midabkuna wuu isbedelaa. Inkasta oo muraayadaha cusub ee TN aysan sidan u xumaanin sida kuwii hore, waxay weli haystaan ​​dhibaatadan soo saarista midabka.

Baallayaasha TN^(TN) waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin faa'iido darro weyn oo ah marka aad ku taabato ama ku cadaadiso fartaada, waxay badanaa ku iftiimiyaan aaggaas. Waa arrin ka dhigaysa baallaha TN^(TN) mid aan faa'iido u lahayn aaladaha ku tiirsan muraayadaha taabashada, sida casriga ama tablet-yada.

Habka kaliya ee muhiimka ah ee muhiimka ah ee muraayadaha Nematic Twisted^{(Twisted Nematic)} , marka la eego waxqabadka, waa inay u oggolaadaan waqtiyada jawaabta pixel ee ka dhaqso badan noocyada kale ee muraayadaha bandhigga. Baallayaasha TN^(TN) ayaa ah kuwa ugu dhaqsaha badan dhamaantood, maadaama ay si fudud u gaari karaan 1ms pixel waqtiyada jawaabta iyo 144Hz ama heerar dib-u-cusbooneysiin ka sareeya. Tani waxay u badan tahay inay tahay sababta kaliya ee TN panels si aad ah loogu isticmaalo kormeerayaasha ciyaaraha.

Waa maxay bandhigga IPS?

IPS waa erey la soo gaabiyey oo loogu talagalay Bedelka Diyaaradda^{(In-Plane Switching)} waxayna u taagan tahay tignoolajiyada cusub ee shaashadaha LCD . Waxaa loo nashqadeeyay inay hareer marto cilladaha muraayadaha Nematic^{(Twisted Nematic)} -ka ee Maroojin . IPS waxay rabtay inay hagaajiso dhalmada midabka liidata, iyo sidoo kale iftiinka iyo arrimaha isbeddelka midabka ee laga helo TN . Waxa ay ku guulaysatey in ay taas samayso iyada oo adeegsanaysa hirgelin kala duwan iyo habaynta electrodes. Marka la barbar dhigo Nematic Maroojin^{(Twisted Nematic)} , qaar ka mid ah electrodes-ka ay isticmaasho In-Plane Switching ayaa loo habeeyey si kala duwan waxayna dhaliyaan goobo koronto oo barbar socda saxanka dhalada. Si ka duwan muraayadaha TN , IPSbandhigyadu waxay bixiyaan taranka midabka ugu fiican ee loo heli karo bandhigyada iyo sidoo kale xaglaha daawashada ee ugu ballaaran, kuwaas oo caadi ahaan taga ilaa 178 darajo. Meel kasta oo aad hor taagan tahay bandhiga IPS , midabada aad aragto waa inay u ekaadaan sida wanaagsan.

Faa'iidada kale ee muraayadaha IPS waa inay isticmaali karaan ilaa siddeed xabbadood oo kanaal kasta oo RGB ah, marka la barbar dhigo TN, oo isticmaali kara lix keliya. Taasi waxay la macno tahay inaad hesho 24-bits wadar ahaan, si aad u hesho 16.7 milyan oo midab oo buuxa oo laga heli karo 24-bit RGB gamut . Taasi, oo lagu daray tayada sawirkooda iyo saxnaanta midabka, waa sababta dhammaan bandhigyada la ansaxiyay ee Pantone^{(Pantone Validated)} ay u isticmaalaan muraayadaha IPS.

Panelyada IPS^(IPS) sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin dib-u-dhacyo yar marka la barbar dhigo muraayadaha TN : waqtiyada jawaabta pixel-kooda way dheer yihiin, kharash badana way ku kacaysaa samayntooda. Markaad fiirinayso bandhigyada adeegsada muraayadaha IPS , waa inaad filaysaa inaad aragto qiimayaal ka bilaabma 4ms oo kor u kacaya, iyo heerarka dib-u-cusboonaysiinta kuwaas oo caadi ahaan ah 60Hz ama 75Hz.

Sababtoo ah waxay bixiyaan taran midab leh iyo xaglo daawasho ballaaran, IPS shaashadaha ayaa ah doorasho caan ah oo loogu talagalay aaladaha sida TV-yada, iyo sidoo kale kormeerayaasha kumbuyuutarka ee ay adeegsadaan xirfadlayaasha iyo dadka geliya tayada sawirka marka hore liisaska mudnaanta leh. Iyada oo ay weheliso bandhigyada AMOLED^{(AMOLED displays)} , shaashadaha IPS sidoo kale waxaa badanaa lagu isticmaalaa aaladaha taabashada ah sida taleefannada casriga ah iyo tablet-yada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay waqtiyada jawaabta pixel ee dheer ee IPS , ciyaartoyda qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka fogaadaan kormeerayaasha kumbuyuutarka ee ku saleysan IPS panels.

Waa maxay bandhigga VA?

VA , oo ka timi toosan toosan^{(Vertical Alignment)} , waa tignoolajiyada soo bandhigta oo daboolaysa dhulka dhexe ee u dhexeeya TN (Twisted Nematic) iyo IPS (In-Plane Switching) . Dabaqyada VA^(VA) waxay leeyihiin soo saarid midab ka wanaagsan kan TN panels, laakiin ma maareeyaan inay la mid noqdaan heerarka sare ee ay dejiyeen guddiyada IPS^(IPS) . VA panels sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin xaglo daawasho ballaaran, oo la mid ah IPS , laakiin inta badan ma maamulaan isla waqtiyada jawaabta pixel ee degdegga ah ee TN . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira in ka badan dhowr kombuyuutar oo VA ah maalmahan kuwaas oo gaari kara heerka jawaabta pixel 1ms.^(VA)

Sida IPS , bandhigyada VA waxay sidoo kale awood u leeyihiin inay isticmaalaan 8 bits halkii kanaalka midabka RGB , taas oo macnaheedu yahay inay aragti ahaan dabooli karaan 16.7 milyan midab ee booska midabka 24-bit RGB . Taas macnaheedu waa inay si fiican uga sarreeyaan TN , inkastoo midabada aan loo faahfaahin sida IPS .

Si ka duwan bandhigyada TN ama IPS , kiristaalo dareeraha ah ee laga dhex helay baalal VA^(VA) waxay si toos ah ula siman yihiin taarikada galaaska. Taasi waa sidoo kale sababta VA loogu yeero toosinta toosan^{(Vertical Alignment)} . Intaa waxaa dheer, tani waxay sidoo kale la socotaa faa'iidada u oggolaanaysa madow madow: marka crystals ay ku siman yihiin muraayadda, uma oggolaan in wax iftiin ah ka soo baxo iyaga (ma jiro iftiin u dhigma madow). Markaa, mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu wanaagsan iyo sidoo kale tayada suuqa ugu badan ee bandhigyada VA waa saamigooda isbarbardhigga sarreeya.

Khasaaraha ugu weyn ee bandhigyada VA waa inay la kulmi karaan isbeddelka midabka, sida muraayadaha TN . Taas macnaheedu waxa weeye in midabadu bedeli karaan muuqaalkooda marka aad bedelayso booskaaga dhinaca shaashadda.

Tayada midabka, xaglaha daawashada ballaaran, iyo awooda lagu gaaro 144Hz ama heerarka dib u kicinta ka sareeya ayaa ka dhigaya VA panels door inta badan loo isticmaalo kormeerayaasha ciyaaraha, in kasta oo xaqiiqda ah inaysan dhamaantood haysan waqtiyada jawaabta pixel ee ugu dhakhsaha badan.

Waa kuwee tignoolajiyada soo bandhigida wanaagsan: TN, IPS , ama VA?

Waxaan aaminsanahay in IPS ay ka fiican tahay VA , VA-na^(VA) ay ka fiican tahay TN , haddii aadan ahayn ciyaaryahan. Haddii aad tahay cayaaryahan, waxaan u jeednaa in aan aaminsanahay in talooyinkayadu ay noqon doonaan VA marka hore, IPS labaad, TN ugu dambeeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuma talineyno shaashadaha TN , ilaa aad haysato miisaaniyad hoose oo aadan ka fikirin cilladaheeda. Si loo soo koobo wax walba:

• Dabaqyada IPS^(IPS) waxay bixiyaan tayada muuqaalka ugu fiican iyo xaglaha daawashada ugu ballaadhan, laakiin ma degdegsana (heerka jawaabta pixel ama heerka soo kicinta midna)
• Dabaqyada VA^(VA) waxay leeyihiin saamiga isbarbardhigga weyn, soo saarida midab wanaagsan, iyo xaglo daawasho oo ballaaran (oo u dhow IPS) , laakiin waxay la dhibaatoon karaan isbeddelka midabka oo inta badan uma degdegsana sida muraayadaha TN
• Dabaqyada TN^(TN) waa kuwo la awoodi karo oo degdeg ah, laakiin labadaba dhalashadooda midabka iyo xaglaha daawashada ayaa liita, waxayna la ildaran yihiin isbeddelka midabka.

Ma doorbidaysaa shaashadaha TN, IPS , ama VA?

Waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan kaa caawinnay inaad hesho aragti cad oo ku saabsan waxa tignoolajiyada soo bandhigay ay ku saabsan yihiin, iyo sababta qaar ay uga fiican yihiin kuwa kale. Miyaad door bidaysaa tayada sawirka oo aad dooratid inaad iibsato bandhigyo leh muraayadaha IPS ? Mise waxaad jeceshahay bandhigyada VA in ka badan? ^(VA)Xataa ma ka fikiri lahayd inaad iibsato wax kasta oo isticmaala muraayadaha TN ? Noo sheeg waxa aad door bidayso iyo sababta, qaybta faallooyinka ee hoose.

What is IPS, VA, or TN when it comes to displays?

The last time when you searched the market for a TV or a computer monitor, did you encoυnter the tеrms TN, IPS, or VA? Did you wonder what those names mean and whether they matter? If you did, or if you just want to know why some screens are better than others, read this article. We explain the advantages and drawbacks of TN, IPS, and VA, and we also show you what types of displays have the best colors, which have the best contrast ratio, and which are the fastest.

What is a TN display?

TN comes from Twisted Nematic, and it's one of the oldest technologies used for creating LCD displays. The screens that use Twisted Nematic panels are more affordable than the ones that use other display technologies such as IPS or VA, but they also have many shortcomings. TN panels usually have poor color reproduction, and their viewing angles are limited, mainly in the vertical direction.

Twisted Nematic displays represent colors using just six bits per RGB channel, which sums up to a total of 18 bits. That's more than the common 16-bit per channel color representation, but it is less than the 24-bit per channel color representation. In other words, TN panels cannot reproduce all the 16 million colors available in the 24-bit RGB color space.

Furthermore, TN displays suffer from an aggravating form of brightness change and color shifting when the viewing angle changes. If you're wondering what that means, the answer is that the colors you see change dramatically depending on where you stand to view the screen. Unless you are looking at a TN display perpendicularly, staying right in front of it, the colors are not accurate. Move a bit to the left or to the right, or even worse, move up or down relative to a TN screen, and the colors change. Although newer TN panels are not as bad at this as the older ones, they still have this problem with color reproduction.

TN panels also have the significant disadvantage that when you touch them or press them with your finger, they usually lighten up in that area. It's an issue that makes TN panels useless for devices that rely on touchscreens, such as smartphones or tablets.

The only good important feature of Twisted Nematic panels, in terms of performance, is that they allow for faster pixel response times than other types of display panels. TN panels are the fastest of them all, as they can easily achieve 1ms pixel response times and 144Hz or higher refresh rates. This is probably the only reason why TN panels are used so much in gaming monitors.

What is an IPS display?

IPS is an acronym for In-Plane Switching and represents a newer technology for LCD screens. It was designed to circumvent the shortcomings of Twisted Nematic panels. IPS wanted to improve the poor color reproduction, as well as the brightness and color shift issues found in TN. It managed to do that by using a different implementation and arrangement of electrodes. Compared to Twisted Nematic, some of the electrodes used by In-Plane Switching are arranged differently and generate electric fields that are parallel to the glass plate. Unlike TN panels, the IPS displays offer the best color reproduction available for displays and also the widest viewing angles, which commonly go to up to 178 degrees. No matter where you're standing in front of an IPS display, the colors you see should look just as good.

Another advantage of IPS panels is that they can use up to eight bits for each RGB color channel, compared to TN, which can use only six. That means that you get 24 bits in total, so you get the full 16.7 million colors available in the 24-bit RGB gamut. That, plus their image quality and color accuracy, is why all Pantone Validated displays use IPS panels.

IPS panels also have a few drawbacks compared to TN panels: their pixel response times are longer, and it costs more to make them. When looking at displays that use IPS panels, you should expect to see values that start from 4ms and go up, and with refresh rates that are typically either 60Hz or 75Hz.

Because they offer great color reproduction and wide viewing angles, IPS screens are a popular choice for devices such as TVs, and also for computer monitors used by professionals and people who put image quality first on their priority lists. Together with AMOLED displays, IPS screens are also commonly used on touchscreen devices such as smartphones and tablets. However, due to the longer pixel response times of IPS, some gamers may avoid computer monitors based on IPS panels.

What is a VA display?

VA, which comes from Vertical Alignment, is a display technology that covers the middle ground between TN (Twisted Nematic) and IPS (In-Plane Switching). VA panels have better color reproduction than TN panels, but they don't manage to match the high standards set by IPS panels. VA panels also have wide viewing angles, similar to IPS, but do not usually manage the same fast pixel response times of TN. However, there are more than a few VA computer monitors these days that can get to 1ms pixel response rate.

Just like IPS, VA displays also have the ability to use 8 bits per RGB color channel, which means that they theoretically can cover the 16.7 million colors in the 24-bit RGB color space. That means that they are well above TN, although the colors are not as detailed as in IPS.

Unlike on TN or IPS displays, the liquid crystals found inside VA panels are aligned vertically to the glass plates. That's also the reason why VA is called Vertical Alignment. Furthermore, this also comes with the advantage of allowing very dark blacks: when the crystals are perpendicular to the glass, they don't let any light come out through them (no light equals black). Thus, one of the best things and also most marketed qualities in VA displays is their high contrast ratio.

The main disadvantage of VA displays is that they can suffer from color shifting, just like TN panels. That means that colors can change their appearance when you're changing your position in front of the screen.

The color quality, wide viewing angles, and the ability to reach 144Hz or higher refresh rates make VA panels an often used choice for gaming monitors, despite the fact that not all of them have the fastest pixel response times.

Which is the better display technology: TN, IPS, or VA?

We believe that IPS is better than VA, and VA is better than TN, if you're not a gamer. If you are a gamer, we tend to believe that our recommendations would be VA first, IPS second, TN last. Either way, we no longer recommend TN screens, unless you have a low budget and you don't mind its drawbacks. To sum everything up:

• IPS panels offer the best image quality and the widest viewing angles, but they are not fast (neither pixel response rate nor refresh rate)
• VA panels have great contrast ratio, good color reproduction, and wide viewing angles (close to IPS), but can suffer from color shifting and they're usually not as fast as TN panels
• TN panels are affordable and fast, but both their color reproduction and viewing angles are poor, and they suffer from color shifting

Do you prefer TN, IPS, or VA screens?

We hope that we have helped you get a clearer view of what these display technologies are about, and why some are better than others. Do you prefer image quality and choose to buy displays that have built-in IPS panels? Or do you like VA displays more? Would you even consider buying anything that uses TN panels? Tell us what you prefer and why, in the comments section below.

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