Nabadgelyadu waxay lama huraan u tahay deegaan kasta oo dhijitaal ah, si loo fududeeyo isticmaaleyaasha inay maareeyaan oggolaanshaha iyo xisaabaadka isticmaaleyaasha kale, Windows waxay bixisaa sifo faa'iido leh oo loo yaqaan kooxaha isticmaaleyaasha^{(user groups)} . In kasta oo ay marka hore u ekaan karto xoogaa cabsi gelin ah, sifadani maaha mid aad u adag in la fahmo oo la isticmaalo, waxaana laga yaabaa inay ku badbaadiso waqti iyo tamar badan markaad maamulayso xisaabaadyo badan. Aynu si faahfaahsan u galno oo aragno waxa ay yihiin kooxaha isticmaala iyo sida aad uga faa'iidaysan karto kombuyuutar kasta oo leh Windows:

Waa maxay kooxda isticmaale ee Windows?

Si aad u fahamto waxa ay yihiin kooxda isticmaale ee ka socota Windows , waa in aad marka hore ogaataa waxa uu yahay koontada isticmaaluhu. Qeexitaan (aad) gaaban waa kan: koontada adeegsaduhu waa ururinta habaynta ay isticmaasho Windows si ay u fahmaan dookhaaga. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo faylasha iyo faylalka aad gasho, hawlaha laguu oggol yahay inaad qabato, qalabka iyo agabyada laguu oggol yahay inaad isticmaasho, iyo wixii la mid ah. Xisaabaadka isticmaaluhu^(User) waa habka kaliya ee lagu xaqiijin karo laguna heli karo oggolaanshaha isticmaalka qalabkaaga Windows . Qeexitaan kooban waa inay noqotaa bilow wanaagsan oo lagu fahmi karo waxa kooxaha adeegsada ay ku jiraan Windows . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad rabto macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan xisaabaadka isticmaalaha, waxa ay yihiin, iyo waxa ay faa'iido u leeyihiin, marka hore akhriwaa maxay akoonka isticmaalaha ama magaca isticmaalaha ee ku jira Windows^{(what a user account or a username is in Windows)} .

Liiska akoonnada isticmaalaha ee ku jira Windows 10

Si loo balaadhiyo aqoontan, nidaamyada hawlgalka Windows , kooxda adeegsaduhu waa ururinta akoonnada isticmaaleyaal badan oo wadaaga xuquuq isku mid ah ee kombuyuutarka iyo/ama ilaha shabakada oo leh xuquuqaha amniga guud. Tani waa sababta aad inta badan u maqli doonto xirfadlayaasha IT-ga oo u tixraacaya kooxaha isticmaala sida kooxaha amniga^{(security groups)} . Kooxaha isticmaala^(User) waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc oo kala duwan:

• Kooxaha maxaliga ah^{(Local groups)} - waa kooxaha isticmaala ee ka jira kumbuyuutarka Windows ama qalabkaaga. Waxaa lagu qeexaa gudaha waxaana laga maamuli karaa Isticmaalayaasha iyo Kooxaha Maxaliga ah (lusrmgr.msc)^{(Local Users And Groups (lusrmgr.msc))} . Kuwaani waa kooxaha isticmaala ee^{(user groups)} ay isticmaalayaasha guryuhu la shaqeeyaan iyo kuwa aan uga hadli doono maqaalkan.
• Kooxaha amniga^{(Security groups)} - waxay leeyihiin tilmaameyaal ammaan oo iyaga ku xidhan. Kooxaha amniga waxaa lagu isticmaalaa xayndaabka Windows oo wata ^(Windows)hagaha firfircoon^{(Active Directory)} .
• Kooxaha qaybinta^{(Distribution groups)} - waxay faa'iido u leeyihiin u qaybinta iimaylada isticmaalayaasha ka tirsan boggaga hagaha firfircoon^{(Active Directory)} .

Liiska xisaabaadka isticmaale ee uu muujiyay lusrmgr.msc

Kooxaha Nabadgelyada^{(Security groups)} iyo Kooxaha Qaybinta^{(Distribution groups)} waa kooxaha isticmaala ee loo isticmaalo goobaha ganacsiga iyo shabakadaha shirkadaha. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad la kulmi kartaa kooxaha isticmaala amniga goobtaada shaqada, gaar ahaan haddii aad ka shaqeyso shirkad weyn oo leh waaxyo badan oo kombiyuutaro badan leh, labadaba mobilada iyo goobaha shaqada. Maamulayaasha nidaamku^(System) waxay ka faa'iidaystaan ​​​​kooxaha si ay u xaddidaan gelitaanka isticmaalaha sifooyinka nidaamka hawlgalka, taas oo ah inaysan wax ka beddelin ama dejin heerar kala duwan oo gelitaanka codsiyada laga heli karo shabakadda shirkadda.

In kasta oo ereyga saxda ah ee kooxaha adeegsadaha ee aan ku dabooli doono maqaalkan uu yahay kooxaha isticmaala maxaliga ah^{(local user groups)} , waxaanu isticmaali doonaa qaabka ugu fudud ee kooxaha adeegsada^{(user groups)} si aan xogta hoose ee la wadaago uga dhigno mid sahlan oo la fahmi karo.

Maxay Windows u leedahay kooxaha isticmaala?

Aynu nidhaahno, tusaale ahaan, waxaad doonaysaa inaad siiso qaraabadaada ikhtiyaarka ay ku isticmaali karaan kombuyuutarkaaga marka ay soo galaan fasaxyada. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad u sameyso koonto ilmo adeer 7 jir ah, si uu u ciyaaro qaar ka mid ah ciyaaraha, mid habaryartaa, midna adeerkaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma rabto inaad siiso xuquuqaha maamul, si aysan u bedelin goobaha muhiimka ah ee nidaamkaaga hawlgalka ama ay u helaan macluumaadkaaga gaarka ah ee xasaasiga ah.

Si aad xaaladda ugu xalliso si xarrago leh, waxaad u ururin kartaa dhammaan akoonadooda koox adeegsade ah waxaadna siin kartaa isla mudnaanta amniga adigoon u baahnayn inaad dejiso xuquuqaha akoon kasta gaar ahaan.

Kooxaha adeegsaduhu^(User) waa sifo ammaan oo muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay in la fududeeyo maamulka tiro badan oo isticmaaleyaal ah. Akhri sida loo abuuro isticmaale cusub Windows 10 iyo sida loogu daro isticmaale koox^{(how to create a new user on Windows 10 and how to add a user to a group)} si aad u hesho macluumaad dheeraad ah.

Windows 10 Isticmaalayaasha iyo Kooxaha Maxaliga ah

Awoodda kooxaha adeegsaduhu waxay ku nool yihiin xaqiiqda ah inay bixiyaan hab dhexe oo lagu maareeyo oggolaanshaha isticmaaleyaal badan iyada oo aan loo baahnayn in xisaab kasta si gaar ah loo habeeyo. Marka kooxda adeegsaduhu ay helaan kheyraad gaar ah, dhammaan xisaabaadka isticmaalayaasha ee qaybta ka ah kooxdaas waxay helayaan gelitaanka ilaha laga hadlayo. Ogow in kasta oo aad isticmaali karto oo ay tahay in aad isticmaasho akoonka isticmaalaha si aad u gasho kombayutarka ama aaladda Windows , ma isticmaali kartid koox isticmaale si aad u gasho.

Waa maxay noocyada kooxaha isticmaala laga helay Windows ?

Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo kooxaha isticmaala ah oo ka jira, sida caadiga ah, dhammaan kombiyuutarada Windows . Waa kuwan kuwa ugu muhiimsan uguna faa'iidada badan kooxaha isticmaalayaasha caadiga ah ee Windows :

• Maamulayaasha^{(Administrators)} : Isticmaalayaasha kooxdan ayaa si buuxda u maamulaya kumbuyuutarka Windows -ka iyo wax kasta oo ku yaal, oo ay ku jiraan xisaabaadka kale ee isticmaalaha.
• Hawl-wadeenada Backup^{(Backup Operators)} : Koontooyinka isticmaale ee kooxdan ayaa dib u soo celin kara oo soo celin kara faylasha ku jira kombiyuutarka Windows , iyadoon loo eegin ogolaanshaha faylashaas.
• Martida^(Guests) : isticmaalayaasha kooxdan waxay leeyihiin profiles ku meel gaadh ah oo la dejiyay marka ay soo galaan, kuwaas oo si toos ah loo tirtiro marka ay baxaan.
• Isticmaalayaasha Awoodda^{(Power Users)} : waxay samayn karaan ku dhawaad ​​wax kasta oo maamulayaashu awoodaan, oo ay ku jiraan abuurista xisaabaadka isticmaalaha ama xitaa tirtirida. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma bedeli karaan habaynta kooxda maamulayaasha^{(Administrators)} . Tani waxay sidoo kale jawaab u tahay su'aal ay na weydiiyeen dadka qaar: noocee ah kooxda isticmaalayaasha ayaa bixiya dib u habeynta Windows XP ?
• Isticmaalayaasha^(Users) : waa xisaabaadka isticmaalaha caadiga ah. Waa isticmaalayaasha samayn kara dhammaan waxyaabaha caadiga ah ee ay dadku ku sameeyaan kombayuutarkooda, sida daalacashada intarneedka, isticmaalka apps-ka lagu rakibay, gelitaanka faylasha kombiyuutarka, ama daabacaadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaalayaasha caadiga ah ma samayn karaan waxyaabo ay ka mid yihiin abuurista xisaabaadka isticmaalaha, ma rakibi karaan codsiyada kombiyuutarka, kuma rakibi karaan daabacaha kombiyuutarka.

Software-ka iyo adeegyada kooxda saddexaad waxay sidoo kale abuuri karaan kooxaha isticmaala ee loo isticmaalo adeegyada kala duwan. Tusaalaha ugu caansan waa software-ka-wax-qabadka. Tusaale ahaan, qaar ka mid ah alaabooyinka VMWare sida VMware Converter waxay abuuraan kooxaha isticmaala sida __vmware__ iyo ____vmware_conv_sa___ , iyo sidoo kale ____VMware_Conv_SA___ xisaabaadka, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu socodsiiyo mishiinnada farsamada iyo shaqooyinka server-ka ee taagan.

__vmware__ kooxda isticmaala gudaha Windows 10

Waxaa jira noocyo kale oo kooxaha isticmaala ah oo si caadi ah looga helo nidaamyada hawlgalka Windows . Haddii aad rabto inaad wax badan ka ogaato dhamaantood, akhri sida loo maareeyo isticmaalayaasha maxalliga ah iyo kooxaha gudaha Windows 10 adoo isticmaalaya lusrmgr.msc^{(How to manage local users and groups in Windows 10 using lusrmgr.msc)} .

Yaa maamuli kara kooxaha isticmaala?

Sida caadiga ah, isticmaalayaasha kaliya ee loo oggol yahay inay isbeddel ku sameeyaan kooxaha isticmaala waa kuwa ka tirsan Maamulayaasha^{(Administrators)} ama kooxaha Isticmaalayaasha Awoodda^{(Power Users )} . Sawirka hoose, waxaad arki kartaa in xubnaha kaliya ee kooxda maamulayaashu^{(Administrators)} ay yihiin isticmaalayaasha maamulaha^{(Administrator )} iyo muwaadinka dhijitaalka ah^{(Digital Citizen)} .

Kooxda maamulayaasha ee Windows 10

Haddii aad isku daydo inaad isbeddel ku samayso kooxda isticmaala marka aad ku jirto akoon isticmaale oo aan ka tirsanayn Maamulka^{(Administrators)} ama Kooxda Isticmaalayaasha Awoodda^{(Power Users)} , waxaad heli doontaa cilada soo socota: "Galitaanka waa la diiday."^{(“Access is denied.”)}

Isticmaalayaasha caadiga ah looma ogola inay sameeyaan isbeddelada kooxda isticmaalaha

Sida loo arko kooxaha isticmaala Windows ee ku jira kumbuyuutarkaaga

Waxaad ka maareyn kartaa isticmaalayaasha jira iyo kooxaha isticmaala kaliya koontada maamulka. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, haddii aad rabto inaad aragto oo aad wax ka beddesho kooxaha isticmaala, waa inaad gasho akoon isticmaale oo ka mid ah kooxda isticmaalaha Maamulka^{(Administrators)} .

Marka lagu soo galo akoon sax ah, fur qalabka Maareynta Kumbuyuutarka^{(open the Computer Management)} , oo isticmaal Isticmaalayaasha gudaha iyo Kooxaha^{(Local Users and Groups)} si aad u aragto liiska Kooxaha^(Groups) . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, u fiirso xaqiiqda ah in snap-in-kan la heli karo oo keliya qaar ka mid ah daabacadaha Windows: Windows 7^(Windows) Professional ,^{(Professional)} Ultimate and^(Ultimate) Enterprise ,^(Enterprise) Windows 8.1^(Windows) Pro and^(Pro) Enterprise ,^(Enterprise) iyo Windows 10 Pro iyo Enterprise .

Liiska kooxaha isticmaala ee ku jira Windows 10

Waxa kale oo aad ka heli kartaa liiska dhammaan kooxaha maxaliga ah ee kombiyuutarkaaga adiga oo ku socodsiiya amarka shabakada shabakada^{(net localgroup)} ee PowerShell ama Command Prompt .

Amarka kooxda maxalliga ah ee saafiga ah waxay tusinaysaa dhammaan kooxaha adeegsadaha maxalliga ah ee la qeexay

Sida loo arko kooxaha isticmaala Windows koontadaada isticmaaluhu ka tirsan yahay

Habka ugu fudud ee lagu baran karo kooxaha isticmaalaha koontadaada isticmaaluhu ka tirsan tahay waa adeegsiga amarka whoami /groups . Fur Command Prompt ama PowerShell , ku qor whoami /groups , oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

Amarka whoami /groups wuxuu muujinayaa liiska kooxaha uu isticmaaluhu ka tirsan yahay

Qalabkani waxa uu tusinayaa liiska kooxaha ay akoonkaaga isticmaaluhu ka diiwaan gashan yihiin. Si loo go'aamiyo kooxaha isticmaala koontada isticmaaluhu ay qayb ka tahay, waa in aad maamula whoami /groups intaad ku jirto koontada isticmaale ee gaarka ah.

Ma qabtaa su'aalo kale oo ku saabsan kooxaha isticmaala Windows ?

Kooxaha adeegsaduhu^(User) waa muuqaal awood leh oo aad waxtar u yeelan kara marka aad haysato kombuyuutar ay isticmaalaan laba qof ama ka badan. Waxay ku badbaadinaysaa waqti iyo dadaal badan markaad maamulayso xisaabaadka isticmaalaha badan waxayna bixisaa hab dhexe oo loo sameeyo. Ma kala shaqeysay kooxaha isticmaala Windows ? Sidee faa'iido u heshay iyaga? Waxaan jeclaan lahayn inaan wax badan ka maqalno qaybta faallooyinka ee hoose.

What is a Windows user group, and what does it do? -

Seсurity iѕ essential in any digital environment, so to make it easіer for uѕers to manage permiѕsions and other uѕer accounts, Windows offеrs a useful feature called user groups. Although it may seem a bit intimidating at first, this feature is not that hard to understand and use, and it might just save you a lot of time and energy when managing multiple accounts. Let's get into some more detail and see what user groups are and how you can use them to your advantage on any computer with Windows:

What is a user group in Windows?

To understand what a user group from Windows is, you must first know what a user account is. The (very) short definition is this: a user account is a collection of settings used by Windows to understand your preferences. It’s also used to control the files and folders you access, the tasks you are allowed to perform, the devices and resources you are allowed to use, and so on. User accounts are also the only way of authenticating and receiving the authorization to use your Windows device. This brief definition should be a good start for understanding what user groups are in Windows. However, if you want more information about user accounts, what they are, and what are they useful for, first read about what a user account or a username is in Windows.

List of user accounts in Windows 10

To expand on this knowledge, in Windows operating systems, a user group is a collection of multiple user accounts that share the same access rights to the computer and/or network resources and have common security rights. This is why you will often hear IT professionals refer to user groups as security groups. User groups can be categorized into three different types:

• Local groups - are the user groups that exist on your Windows computer or device. They are defined locally and can be managed from the Local Users And Groups (lusrmgr.msc) tool. These are the user groups that home users work with and the ones that we’re going to talk about in this article.
• Security groups - have security descriptors associated with them. Security groups are used in Windows domains with Active Directory.
• Distribution groups - are useful for distributing emails for users that belong to domains with Active Directory.

List of user accounts shown by lusrmgr.msc

The Security groups and the Distribution groups are user groups that are used in business environments and company networks. For instance, you can encounter security user groups at your workplace, especially if you're working in a big company that has multiple departments with lots of computers, both mobile and workstations. System administrators utilize groups to limit user access to features of the operating system, which they shouldn't modify or set different levels of access for the applications that are available on the company's network.

Although the correct term for the user groups that we’ll be covering in this article is local user groups, we’ll use the simpler form of user groups to make the information shared below easier to understand.

Why does Windows have user groups?

Let’s say that, for example, you want to give your relatives the option to use your computer when they drop by for the holidays. You may want to create an account for your 7-year-old cousin, so he can play some games, one for your aunt, and one for your uncle. However, you don't want to give them administrative rights, so that they don't change essential settings in your operating system or gain access to your sensitive personal information.

To handle the situation in an elegant fashion, you can group all their accounts in a user group and grant them the same security privileges without having to set each account's rights individually.

User groups are an essential security feature that is aimed primarily at simplifying the management of large numbers of users. Read how to create a new user on Windows 10 and how to add a user to a group for further information.

Windows 10 Local Users and Groups

The strength of user groups resides in the fact that they offer a centralized way of managing multiple user permissions without the need to configure each account separately. When a user group receives access to a particular resource, all the user accounts that are part of that group receive access to the resource in question. Note that although you can and must use a user account to log in to a Windows computer or device, you cannot use a user group to log in.

What types of user groups are found in Windows?

There are many types of user groups that exist, by default, on all Windows computers. Here are the most important and useful default user groups in Windows:

• Administrators: the users from this group have full control of the Windows computer and everything on it, including other user accounts.
• Backup Operators: user accounts from this group can back up and restore files on the Windows computer, regardless of those files’ permissions.
• Guests: users from this group have temporary profiles set when they log on, which are automatically deleted when they log out.
• Power Users: can do almost everything administrators can, including creating other user accounts or even deleting them. However, they cannot change the settings for the Administrators group. This is also the answer to a question we were asked by some people: which type of user group provides backward compatibility with Windows XP?
• Users: are the standard user accounts. They are the users who can do all the typical things people do on their computers, like browsing the internet, using the apps installed, accessing the files on the computer, or printing. However, standard users cannot do things like creating other user accounts, they cannot install applications on the computer, and they cannot install a printer on the computer.

Third-party software and services can also create user groups used for various services. The most common example is virtualization software. For example, some VMWare products such as VMware Converter create user groups like __vmware__ and ___vmware_conv_sa___, as well as ___VMware_Conv_SA___ accounts, which are used to run virtual machines and standalone server jobs.

__vmware__ user group in Windows 10

There are other types of user groups found by default in Windows operating systems. If you want to know more about all of them, read How to manage local users and groups in Windows 10 using lusrmgr.msc.

Who can manage user groups?

By default, the only users who are allowed to make changes to user groups are the ones who belong to the Administrators or the Power Users groups. In the image below, you can see that the only members of the Administrators group are the users Administrator and Digital Citizen.

Administrators group in Windows 10

If you try to make changes to a user group while logged in with a user account that's not part of the Administrators or Power Users group, you will get the following error: “Access is denied.”

Standard users aren't allowed to make user group changes

How to see the Windows user groups that exist on your computer

You can manage existing users and user groups only from an administrator account. In other words, if you want to view and modify user groups, you must log in with a user account that is part of the Administrators user group.

Once logged in with the right account, open the Computer Management tool, and use the Local Users and Groups snap-in to see the list of Groups. However, take notice of the fact that this snap-in is available only in some Windows editions: Windows 7 Professional, Ultimate and Enterprise, Windows 8.1 Pro and Enterprise, and Windows 10 Pro and Enterprise.

List of user groups in Windows 10

You can also get a list of all the local groups on your computer by running the net localgroup command in PowerShell or Command Prompt.

The net localgroup command shows all the defined local user groups

How to see which Windows user groups your user account belongs to

The easiest way to learn which user groups your user account belongs to is through the use of the whoami /groups command. Open Command Prompt or PowerShell, type whoami /groups, and press Enter.

The whoami /groups command shows the list of groups a user belongs to

This tool shows the list of the groups your user account is registered to. To determine what user groups a user account is part of, you must run whoami /groups while logged in with that specific user account.

Do you have any other questions about Windows user groups?

User groups are a powerful feature that can be very useful when you have computers used by two or more people. It saves you a lot of time and effort when managing multiple user accounts and provides a centralized way of doing it. Have you worked with user groups in Windows? How useful did you find them? We would like to hear more in the comments section below.

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