Localhost - oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'cinwaanka loopback' - waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhiso xiriirinta IP ama wac kombayutarkaaga ama mashiinkaaga. Cinwaanka loopback waxaa sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalaa macnaha guud ee isku xidhka wuxuuna bixiyaa kombuyuutar awood uu ku ansixiyo xirmada IP-ga.

Qof kasta oo asal u leh ama xiiseeya isku-xidhka ayaa u arki doona muhiim inuu barto oo fahmo erey-bixinta kumbuyuutarka ee xiriirka la leh goobta. Localhost waa mid ka mid ah erey-bixinta noocaas ah ee loo arko inay faa'iido u leedahay farsamayaqaan kasta oo kombuyuutar ah. Fahamka muhiimada iyo isticmaalka localhost sidoo kale waa meel fiican oo aad ka bilaabi karto safarkaaga ereybixinta isku xidhka.

Waa maxay LocalHost iyo sidee loo isticmaalaa?^{(What Is LocalHost and How Is It Used?)}

Kaliya maahan erey, localhost sidoo kale wuxuu noqon karaa magac domain, sida netflix.com ama google.com . Si^(Just) la mid ah domain kasta, localhost sidoo kale waxay yeelan doontaa cinwaan u gaar ah Protocol Internet^{(Internet Protocol)} (IP). 

Ciwaanka loo baahan yahay wuxuu ku xirnaan doonaa borotokoolka intarneedka ee la isticmaalo. Wicida localhost iyadoo la isticmaalayo IPv4 , oo ah IP-ga ugu caansan, waxay yeelan doontaa kala duwanaansho ah 127.0.0.0 ilaa 127.255.255.255 laakiin caadi ahaan waxay noqon doontaa 127.0.0.1. Isticmaalayaasha IPV6^(IPv6) waxay dhisi karaan dib u soo celin iyagoo galaya:1.

Internet Protocol

Internet Protocol ( IP) ayaa la sameeyay si loo dejiyo habka caadiga ah ee kombiyuutarada ay kula xiriiraan aaladaha kale ee shabakada. Kaliya maaha inay maamusho ciwaanada laakiin sidoo kale sida xogtaada loo diro loona helo shabakadaha maxaliga ah iyo intarneedkaba.

IPV4 , oo ah nooca Protocol-ka Internet-^{(Internet Protocol)} ka ee 4, waa midka inta badan loo isticmaalo caalamka. IPV4 waxay si aad ah ugu tiirsan tahay Hab-maamuuska Xakamaynta Gudbinta^{(Transmission Control Protocol)} ( TCP ) si ay u maareyso inta badan walaacyada xogta sida gaarsiinta, isku xigxiga, iyo daacadnimada. IP-kan waxa loo nashqadeeyay hab-maamuuska xidhiidh la'aanta si loogu isticmaalo mishiinada ku salaysan ethernetka.

IPV6 wuxuu bilaabay inuu si tartiib tartiib ah u bedelo IPv4 . Baahida ciwaanka IP-ga ayaa si aad ah u koray ka dib kobaca dhijitaalka ah. Qalab badan oo badan ayaa isticmaalaya internetka, sidaas darteed IPv6 waxaa loo sameeyay si loo daboolo korodhka iyo wax ka qabashada dhowr ka mid ah cilladaha aasaasiga ah ee laga helay IPv4 . 

Meesha IPV4 u ogolaato ku dhawaad ​​4.3 bilyan oo ciwaanno IP gaar ah oo la isticmaalo, IPV6 waxa ay ogolaan doontaa ilaa 340 trillion, trillion.

Marka laga reebo tirooyinka, IPV6 waxay sidoo kale bixisaa faa'iidooyinka isku xirka. Waxay furaysaa si sahlan oo lagu ogaan karo inta u dhaxaysa aaladaha shabakadaha kale ee karti u leh IPV6 , taasoo u oggolaanaysa isticmaaleyaasha inay isticmaalaan adeegyada iyaga oo aan u baahnayn ficil adeegsadaha ugu dambeeya. Baahida loo qabo Turjumaada Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translation)} ( NAT ) ayaa sidoo kale aad loo dhimay marka la isticmaalayo IPV6 . NAT waa waxa u ogolaanaya macaamiisha IPV4 inay wadaagaan hal ciwaan oo IP ah.

Marka loo eego sida IPV4 uu yahay midka caadiga ah ee labada borotokool ee intarneedka la isticmaalo, waxay noqon doontaa diiraddayada hore u socoshada. 

Sida 127.0.0.1 u shaqeeyo^{(How 127.0.0.1 Works)}

Markaad samaysato xidhiidhka IPv4 ee ciwaanka loopback 127.0.0.1, maaskaro 255.0.0.1 subnet ayaa lagu meeleeyaa. Markaa, haddii beddel dadweyne, router, ama gateway uu helo baakidh xog ah oo dib-u-celintaadu tahay meesha ay u socoto, macluumaadka xogta lama qori doono. 

Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in haddii baakidh xogta lagu riday meel ka baxsan localhost, macluumaadku kuma sii socon doono kombuyuutar kale oo shabakadda ah. Tani waxay gacan ka geysataa ilaalinta amniga shabakada iyadoo ka ilaalinaysa mashiinkaaga inuu soo qaado baakadaha xogta khaldan ee laga yaabo inay isku dayaan inay hawlgeliyaan adeegyada kale iyagoo ka jawaabaya.

Isticmaalka Caadiga ah ee Localhost^{(Common Uses For Localhost)}

Marka laga reebo awoodaha amniga, localhost waxay faa'iido u yeelan kartaa dhowr xaaladood oo kale. Waxaa jira saddex ujeedo oo aasaasiga ah ee ciwaanka loopback loo arko inuu faa'iido u leeyahay farsamayaqaanka shabakada kombuyuutarka.

Socodka Imtixaanka Xawaaraha^{(Running A Speed Test)}

Diridda codsiga ping waa isticmaalka ugu badan ee aad ka heli doonto ciwaanka loopback. Adigoo isticmaalaya Command Prompt Windows^{(Windows Command Prompt)} , waxaad tijaabin kartaa isku xirkaaga oo waxaad ogaan kartaa wax kasta oo dhibaato ah oo ku saabsan waxqabadka^{(performance issues)} kombuyutarkaaga laga yaabo inuu hadda la kulmo.

Si loo sameeyo codsi ping ah localhost:

1. Fur shaqada Run ( Windows key + R) wada hadal oo ku qor cmd . Riix Gelida^(Enter) .
   1. Waxaad sidoo kale ku qori kartaa cmd sanduuqa raadinta Taskbar^{(Taskbar Search)} oo ka dooro Command Prompt liiska.
   2. U orda sida Maamule^{(Running as Administrator)} ayaa lagula talinayaa.
2. Ku qor ping 127.0.0.1 oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

Natiijooyinka waxaa lagu soo bandhigi doonaa shaashadda. Xogta la muujiyey waxaa ku jiri doona tirada xirmooyinka xogta ee la soo diray, la helay, lumay, iyo qiyaastii wakhtiga safarka wareega ee gudbinta xogta.

Xayiraadda Mareegaha^{(Blocking Websites)}

Markaad u baahato inaad xannibto gelitaanka shabakadaha qaarkood, localhost ayaa samayn kara khiyaanada. Dib-u-celinta waxay aad waxtar u yeelan kartaa ka-hortagga browser-kaaga inuu galo goobaha xaasidnimada leh. Si tan loo soo saaro, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad ogaato waxa ay yihiin faylasha martida loo yahay iyo ujeedada ay uga adeegaan macnaha guud.

Mar kasta oo uu kombuyuutarku isku dayo inuu galo degel ama kombuyuutar fog oo isticmaalaya magaca domainka, kumbiyuutarku wuxuu codsi u soo diri doona Domain Name Server ( DNS ) isagoo raadinaya faylka martida loo yahay ee maxaliga ah^{(locally stored host file)} . 

Tusaale ahaan, ciwaanka IPv4 127.0.0.1, waxaa loo soo bandhigi doonaa 'localhost' ee DNS -ka . Magaca domainka mareeg kasta oo cusub oo aad booqato waxa uu sidoo kale isu arki doonaa in loo kaydiyo sidii fayl martigal ah. Tani waxay abuurtaa jawaab celin xawli ah oo ku saabsan booqasho kasta oo ku soo noqoshada isla goobta.

Faylka martida loo yahay wuxuu sidoo kale ka koobnaan doonaa ciwaannada IP-ga ee dhammaan magacyada domain-ka ay kaydiso. Waa inaad wax ka beddeshaa ciwaanadan IP-ga^{(edit these IP addresses)} si aad ula mid noqoto ciwaanka loopback 127.0.0.1 si aad u xannibto. Haddii sidaas la sameeyo waxay keeni doontaa in taraafikada dib loogu celiyo localhost. 

In kasta oo ay ku shaqeyso qanjaruufo, iyada oo la adeegsanayo localhost hab si looga hortago marin u helka shabakadaha aan loo baahnayn maaha xalka ugu fiican. Sababta koowaad waa in haddii aad u baahan tahay gelitaanka bogaggaas, waa inaad gacanta ka saartaa gelitaanka maamule ahaan. Kaliya maamulaha abuuray gelitaanka bilowga ah ayaa awoodi doona inuu tan sameeyo, isagoo xiraya kuwa kale ee u baahan inay gaaraan goobta gaarka ah hal sabab ama mid kale.

Tijaabinta Barnaamijyo Cusub Ama Codsiyada Mareegta^{(Testing New Programs Or Web Applications)}

Mar kasta oo dib-u-soo-celinta la kiciyo, nidaamkaaga hawlgalka waxa uu noqdaa server-ka la ekaysiiyay. Tani waxay suurtogal ka dhigaysaa in lagu shubo faylal kasta oo lagama maarmaanka u ah barnaamijka server-ka si loo tijaabiyo shaqeynta. 

Marka lagu daro software kale, waxaad xitaa isticmaali kartaa loopback si aad ugu oggolaato abka moobilka dhinaca- raran si ay u galaan qaybaha server-ka miiska ama u dir codsiyo API gaar ah .

What Is Localhost and How Can You Use It?

The localhost – also referred to as ‘the loopback address’ – is used to establish an IP connection or call, to your own computer or mаchine. Thе loopback address is typically used in the context of networking and provides a comрuter the capаbility to validate the IP stack.

Anyone with a background or interest in networking will find it important to learn and understand the affiliated computer terminology with the field. Localhost is one such piece of terminology seen as beneficial to any computer technician. Understanding the importance and uses of localhost is also a great place to begin your journey into networking terminology.

What Is LocalHost and How Is It Used?

Not just a term, localhost can also be a domain name, like netflix.com or google.com. Just like any domain, the localhost will also have its own Internet Protocol (IP) address. 

The address needed will depend on the internet protocol being used. Calling the localhost using IPv4, which is the most common IP, will have a range of 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 but will typically default to 127.0.0.1. IPv6 users can establish a loopback by entering :1.

Internet Protocol

The Internet Protocol (IP) was put in place to establish a standard method for computers to communicate with other devices on the network. It not only governs addresses but also how your data is sent and received for both local networks and on the internet.

IPv4, which is Internet Protocol version 4, is the one most commonly used globally. IPv4 relies heavily on the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to handle the bulk of data concerns such as delivery, sequencing, and integrity. This IP was designed as a connectionless protocol to be used on ethernet-based machines.

IPv6 has begun slowly replacing IPv4. The demand for IP addresses has grown exponentially in the wake of the digital boom. More and more devices are using the internet, so IPv6 was developed to accommodate the increase and address a few of the fundamental flaws found in IPv4. 

Where IPv4 allows for approximately 4.3 billion unique IP addresses for use, IPv6 will permit up to 340 trillion, trillion.

Aside from numbers, IPv6 also offers networking advantages. It opens up easier detection between devices of other IPv6 enabled networks, allowing users to use services without the need for end-user action. The need for the Network Address Translation (NAT) is also significantly reduced when using IPv6. The NAT is what allows IPv4 clients to share a single IP address.

Seeing as IPv4 is the more common of the two used internet protocols, it will be our focus moving forward. 

How 127.0.0.1 Works

When you establish an IPv4 connection to the 127.0.0.1 loopback address, a 255.0.0.1 subnet mask is assigned. So, if any public switch, router, or gateway receives a data packet with your loopback as its destination, the data’s information will not be logged. 

This means that if a data packet is dropped off outside of the localhost, the information will not continue on to another computer on the network. This helps to maintain network security by preventing your machine from picking up stray data packets that may attempt to activate other services in response.

Common Uses For Localhost

Aside from security capabilities, localhost can be useful in a few other scenarios. There are three primary purposes for the loopback address considered useful to a computer network technician.

Running A Speed Test

Sending a ping request is the most common use you’ll find for the loopback address. Using the Windows Command Prompt, you can test your connection and discover any performance issues your computer may currently be facing.

To perform a ping request to localhost:

1. Open the Run function (Windows key + R) dialog and type cmd. Press Enter.
   1. You can also type cmd into the Taskbar Search box and select Command Prompt from the list.
   2. Running as Administrator is advised.
2. Type ping 127.0.0.1 and press Enter.

The results will be displayed on the screen. The data shown will include the number of data packets sent, received, lost, and the approximate round trip time of the data transmission.

Blocking Websites

When you need to block access to certain websites, localhost can do the trick. The loopback can be quite useful in the prevention of your browser from entering malicious sites. To pull this off, you’ll need to know what host files are and the purpose they serve in this context.

Each time your computer attempts to access a website or remote computer using the domain name, the computer will send a request to the Domain Name Server (DNS) in search of a locally stored host file. 

For example, the IPv4 address 127.0.0.1, will be displayed as ‘localhost’ in the DNS. The domain name of any new website you visit will also find itself stored as a host file. This creates a faster load response for any return visits to the same site.

The host file will also contain the IP addresses of all the domain names it stores. You’ll have to edit these IP addresses to match the loopback address 127.0.0.1 in order to block them. Doing so will cause traffic to be directed back to the localhost instead. 

Though it works in a pinch, using localhost as a method to prevent access to undesirable websites is not the best solution. The primary reason being that if you were to need access to those sites, you would have to manually remove the entry as an administrator. Only the administrator who created the initial entry will be able to do this, locking out others who need to reach the specific site for one reason or another.

Testing New Programs Or Web Applications

Whenever a loopback is triggered, your operating system becomes a simulated server. This makes it possible to load any necessary files of a program into the server in order to test functionality. 

In combination with other software, you can even use loopback to allow side-loaded mobile apps to access desktop server components or send requests to a specific API.

Related posts

• Laqabsiga Internetka iyo Baraha Bulshada

• Laguma xidhi karo Xbox Live; Hagaaji arrinta isku xirka Xbox Live gudaha Windows 10

• Aaladaha Shabakadda Wireless-ka ee bilaashka ah ee loogu talagalay Windows 10

• Aaladda Jilitaanka Isku-xidhka Xirmooyinka Baakidhka ee Cisco Packet iyo beddelaadkeeda bilaashka ah

• Sida loo joojiyo isku-xidhka gudaha Windows Sandbox gudaha Windows 10

• Waa maxay NAT, sidee buu u shaqeeyaa, iyo sababta loo isticmaalo?

• Sida loo hagaajiyo "Ma haysatid fasax aad ugu dirto qaatahan"

• Sida loo Helo kanaalka Wi-Fi ee ugu Wanaagsan Windows, Mac iyo Linux

• Sida tooska ah ee HDMI u beddelashada u shaqeyso

• 8 Mashruuc Raspberry Pi fudud ee Bilawga

• HDG wuxuu sharxayaa: Waa maxay RFID & maxaa loo isticmaali karaa?

• Sida loogu daro Raadinta DNS Maxalliga ah ee Faylka Martigelinaya

• 5 siyaabood oo aad ku sugi karto WiFigaaga

• Waa maxay CDN & muxuu mid muhiim u yahay haddii aad leedahay domain?

• Ma ku xidhi kartaa router-ka Wireless-ka, laakiin kuma xidhi kara internetka?

• Dib u eegis buug - Isku xirka Guriga Wireless ee Dummies

• HDG wuxuu sharxayaa: Waa maxay Deked Kumbuyuutar ah & Maxaa Loo Isticmaalaa?

• Sida loo xakameeyo kombuyutarka Windows-ka iyadoo la isticmaalayo Desktop Fog ee Mac

• Sida Loo Cadeeyo Aaladaha Gaarka Ah Ee Shabakadda Gurigaaga Si Loo Joojiyo Hackers-ka

• Waa maxay DHCP wakhtiga kirada iyo sida loo badalo