Sida dunidu dhijitaalku u sii socoto horumarka oo ay samayso horumar degdeg ah, dambiyada internetka ayaa sidoo kale sameeya. Dembiilayaasha, gaar ahaan dambiilayaasha internetka uma baahna inay ka tagaan aagga raaxada si ay dambiyo u galaan. Waxay ku gaadhaan natiijooyinkii la rabay iyaga oo dhawr dhagsi oo jiirkooda ah iyo isku xirka internetka^(Internet) adag . Si loola dagaallamo isbeddelkan foosha xun, waxaa jira baahi loo qabo Hackers -ka Anshaxa iyo fahamka Hacking Ethical^{(Ethical Hacking)} .

Hacking waa edbin aad u ballaaran waxayna daboolaysaa mowduucyo kala duwan sida,

• Jabsiga Mareegta
• Email jabsiga
• Kumbuyuutarrada la jabsado
• Jabsiga Anshaxa
• IWM.

Akhriso^(Read) : Waa maxay Koofiyadda Madow, Koofiyadda Cawlan ama Koofiyadda Cad Hacker ?

Waa maxay macnaha Hacking Ethical^{(Ethical Hacking)}

Jabsiga Anshaxa ee sidoo kale loo yaqaano Tijaabinta^{(Penetration Testing)} Wax-is-daba-marinta waa fal ka mid ah nidaamka soo gelista ama shabakadaha ogolaanshaha isticmaalaha. Ujeeddadu waa in la qiimeeyo amniga ururka iyada oo laga faa'iidaysanayo dayacanka hab weeraryahannada ay uga faa'iidaysan karaan. Iyadoo la diiwaangelinayo habka weerarka si looga hortago dhacdooyinka noocaas ah mustaqbalka. Imtixaanka gelitaanka^{(Penetration)} waxa loo sii kala saari karaa saddex nooc.

1] Sanduuqa Madow^{(1] Black box)}

Tijaabada galitaanka lama bixiyo wax tafaasiil ah oo ku saabsan shabakada, ama kaabayaasha shabakada.

2] Sanduuqa cawl^{(2] Grey box)}

Tijaabada galitaanka ayaa leh tafaasiil kooban oo ku saabsan hababka la tijaabinayo.

3] Sanduuqa Cad^{(3] White Box)}

Tijaabada galitaanka waxa sidoo kale loo yaqaana Hackers Ethical. Wuxuu la socdaa tafaasiisha dhamaystiran ee kaabayaasha la tijaabinayo.

Hackers-ka anshaxa inta badan, waxay adeegsadaan habab iyo qalab isku mid ah oo ay adeegsadaan tuugada xaasidnimada ah laakiin ay haystaan ​​ogolaanshaha qofka idman. Ujeedada ugu dambeysa ee layliga oo dhan waa in la hagaajiyo amniga oo laga difaaco nidaamyada weerarrada isticmaalayaasha xaasidnimada leh.

Inta lagu jiro layliga, jabsiga akhlaaqda ayaa laga yaabaa inuu isku dayo inuu ururiyo macluumaadka ugu badan ee ku saabsan nidaamka bartilmaameedka si uu u helo habab lagu galo nidaamka. Habkan waxa kale oo loo yaqaanaa Footprinting .

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo Footprinting -

1. Firfircoon^(Active) - Si toos ah^(Directly) u samaynta xidhiidhka bartilmaameedka si loo ururiyo macluumaadka. Tusaale ahaan. Isticmaalka qalabka Nmap si loo sawiro bartilmaameedka
2. Dadban^(Passive) - Ururinta^(Collecting) macluumaadka ku saabsan bartilmaameedka iyada oo aan la samayn xiriir toos ah. Waxay ku lug leedahay ururinta macluumaadka warbaahinta bulshada, mareegaha dadweynaha, iwm.

Wajiyada kala duwan ee jabsiga anshaxa

Marxaladaha kala duwan ee Hacking^(Hacking) Ethical waxaa ka mid ah.

1] Sahan^{(1] Reconnaissance)}

Talaabadii ugu horaysay ee Hacking . Waxay la mid tahay Raad-qaadista, ie, Xog ururinta Wajiga^(Phase) . Halkan, inta badan, macluumaadka la xidhiidha saddex kooxood ayaa lagu ururiyaa.

1. Shabakadda
2. Martigeliyaha
3. Dadka ku lug leh.

Haakarisku sidoo kale waxay ku tiirsan yihiin farsamooyinka injineernimada bulshada si ay u saameeyaan isticmaalayaasha dhamaadka oo ay u helaan macluumaadka ku saabsan deegaanka xisaabinta ee ururka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in aanay ku dhaqmin dhaqamada xunxun sida handadaada jidhka ee shaqaalaha ama noocyada kale ee isku dayga ah inay ka qaataan macluumaadka ama macluumaadka.

2] Sawirka^{(2] Scanning)}

Marxaladani waxay ku lug leedahay-

1. Sawirka dekeda^{(Port scanning)} : sawirida bartilmaameedka macluumaadka sida dekedaha furan, nidaamyada tooska^(Live) ah, adeegyada kala duwan ee ku socda martida loo yahay.
2. Baadhitaanka Nuglaanta^{(Vulnerability Scanning)} : Inta badan waxa lagu fuliyaa qalab iswada si loo hubiyo daciifnimada ama dayacanka laga faa'iidaysan karo.
3. Khariidadda Shabakadda:^{(Network Mapping:)} Samaynta khariidad u adeegta hage la isku halayn karo ee jabsiga Tan waxaa ka mid ah helida topology-ga shabakada, macluumaadka martida loo yahay iyo sawirida jaantuska shabakada xogta la hayo.
4. Helitaanka:^{(Gaining Access:)} Marxaladani waa meesha uu weeraryahanku maamulo si uu u galo nidaamka. Talaabada xigta waxay ku lug leedahay kor u qaadista mudnaanta ilaa heerka maamulka si uu u rakibo codsi uu u baahan yahay si uu wax uga beddelo xogta ama u qariyo xogta.
5. Joogteynta Helitaanka:^{(Maintaining Access:)} Sii wadida helitaanka bartilmaameedka ilaa hawsha la qorsheeyay laga dhammeeyo.

Doorka Hacker-ka Anshaxa ee amniga interneedku waa muhiim maadaama kuwa xun ay had iyo jeer halkaas joogi doonaan, isku dayayaan inay helaan dildilaacyo, dhabarka dambe, iyo siyaabo kale oo sir ah oo lagu galo xogta aysan ahayn.

Si loo dhiirigaliyo dhaqanka jabsiga anshaxa^{(Ethical Hacking)} , waxaa jira shahaado xirfadeed oo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay tuugada anshaxa - The Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) . Shahaadadani waxay dabooshaa in ka badan 270 tignoolajiyada weerar Waa shahaado dhexdhexaad ah oo iibiyaha ah oo ka socda Golaha EC^(EC-Council) , mid ka mid ah hay'adaha shahaado bixinta ee hormuudka ka ah.

Akhri soo socda^{(Read next)} : Talooyinka aad ka ilaalinayso hackers-ka kombiyuutarkaaga Windows^{(Tips to keep Hackers out of your Windows computer)} .

What is the meaning of Ethical Hacking in cybersecurity

As the digital world continues to advanсe and make rapid progress, cybercrimeѕ do as well. Crіminals, particularly cybercriminals no longer need to leave their comfort zone to commit crimes. They achieve the desired results with just a few сlicks of their mouse and a robust Internet connection. To combat this ugly trend, there’s a neеd for Ethical Hackers and an understanding of Ethical Hacking.

Hacking is a very broad discipline and covers a wide range of topics like,

• Website Hacking
• Email Hacking
• Computer Hacking
• Ethical Hacking
• Etc.

Read: What is Black Hat, Grey Hat or White Hat Hacker?

What is the meaning of Ethical Hacking

Ethical Hacking also known as Penetration Testing is an act of intruding/penetrating system or networks with the user’s consent. The purpose is to evaluate the security of an organization by exploiting the vulnerabilities in a way the attackers could exploit them. Thereby documenting the procedure of attack to prevent such instances in the future. Penetration testing can further be classified into three types.

1] Black box

The penetration tester is not offered any details pertaining to the network, or infrastructure of the network.

2] Grey box

The penetration tester has limited details about the systems to be tested.

3] White Box

The penetration tester is also called as Ethical hacker. He is aware of the complete details of the infrastructure to be tested.

Ethical hackers in most cases, use the same methods and tools used by the malicious hackers but with the permission of the authorized person. The ultimate objective of the whole exercise is to improve the security and defend the systems from attacks by malicious users.

During the exercise, an ethical hacker may attempt to collect as much information as possible about the target system to find ways to penetrate the system. This method is also known as Footprinting.

There are two types of Footprinting–

1. Active – Directly establishing a connection with the target to gather information. Eg. Using Nmap tool to scan the target
2. Passive – Collecting information about the target without establishing a direct connection. It involves gathering information from social media, public websites, etc.

Different Phases of Ethical Hacking

The different stages of Ethical Hacking include-

1] Reconnaissance

The very first step of Hacking. It is like Footprinting, i.e., information gathering Phase. Here, usually, information related to three groups is collected.

1. Network
2. Host
3. People involved.

Ethical hackers also rely on social engineering techniques to influence end users and obtain information about an organization’s computing environment. However, they should not resort to evil practices such as making physical threats to employees or other types of attempts to extort access or information.

2] Scanning

This phase involves-

1. Port scanning: scanning the target for the information like open ports, Live systems, various services running on the host.
2. Vulnerability Scanning: It is carried out mainly via automated tools to check for weaknesses or vulnerabilities which can be exploited.
3. Network Mapping: Developing a map that serves as a reliable guide for hacking. This includes finding the topology of network, host information and drawing a network diagram with the available information.
4. Gaining Access: This phase is where an attacker manages to get an entry into a system. The next step involves raising his privilege to administrator level so he can install an application he needs to modify data or hide data.
5. Maintaining Access: Continuing to have access to the target until the task planned is finished.

The role of an Ethical Hacker in cybersecurity is important since the bad guys will always be there, trying to find cracks, backdoors, and other secret ways to access data they shouldn’t.

To encourage the practice of Ethical Hacking, there’s a good professional certification for ethical hackers – The Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH). This certification covers more than 270 attacks technologies. It is a vendor-neutral certification from the EC-Council, one of the leading certification bodies.

Read next: Tips to keep Hackers out of your Windows computer.

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