Iyadoo inta badan isticmaalayaasha guryuhu aanay waqti badan ku bixin inay ka fikiraan, amniga kombayutarka^{(computer security)} ayaa muhiim ah. Aad bay muhiim u tahay in kombiyuutaro badan oo diiradda saaraya ganacsiga ay ku jiraan qalab gaar ah oo ku dhex jira (sida akhristayaasha smartcard), taas oo adkeyneysa in la jabsado ama si kale loo dhimo. 

TPM (Trusted Platform Module) waxa ay noqonaysaa sifo caadi ah kombiyuutarada cusub, gaar ahaan kuwa ganacsiga diiradda saaraya. Haddaba waa maxay TPM , maxaadse u doonaysaa mid?

Maxay tahay sababta aad u danaynayso TPM?

Ilaa dhowaan, dadka kaliya ee u baahnaa inay daryeelaan TPM^(TPMs) -yada waxay ahaayeen kuwa ka shaqeeya shirkado waaweyn oo amniga shabakadu uu yahay mudnaanta koowaad. Dadka ka shaqeeya guriga^{(working from home)} ee kumbiyuutarkooda gaarka ah ama kuwa inta badan u isticmaala kombayutarada ciyaaraha iyo madadaalada uma baahna inay wax ka ogaadaan TPM^(TPMs) -yada .

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii lagu dhawaaqay Windows 11 , waxay si lama filaan ah u noqotay mid ka mid ah ereyada ugu muhiimsan ee saddexda xaraf ee adduunka xisaabinta. Tani waa sababta oo ah Windows 11 wuxuu u baahan yahay Module Platform^{(Platform Module)} ah oo la aamini karo ee kumbuyuutarka si uu u shaqeeyo gabi ahaanba. Gaar ahaan, waxay u baahan tahay TPM 2.0 , in kasta oo shuruudahan ay ku xiran yihiin isbeddelka go'aanka Microsoft.

Windows 10 taageeradu waxay dhammaanaysaa Oktoobar 14^{(October 14)} , 2025. Mar dambe ma heli doonto dhejisyo ammaan oo cusbooneysiin dheeraad ah Microsoft . Halkaa marka ay marayso, waxa aad u baahantahay in aad ka saarto kombayutarka interneedka ama aad u cusboonaysiiso Windows 11 . 

Sida ay hadda tahay, ma awoodi doontid inaad cusboonaysiiso oo sidoo kale ma sii wadi kartid isticmaalka Windows 10 ! Haddii aadan u guurin Linux (fikrad weyn!) Ama beddelka Windows , waa inaad soo iibsataa kombiyuutar cusub. Taasi waa run xitaa haddii kaada jira uu weli fiican yahay! Microsoft waxaa laga yaabaa inay jilciso mawqifkeeda mustaqbalka, laakiin hadda, taasi waa xaqiiqda dhabta ah ee xaaladda.

Hadda oo aad ogtahay sababta arrinta TPM ay lama huraan u tahay, aan qodno waxa TPM yahay.

TPM waa Chip

TPM waa qayb jireed oo inta badan lagu dhex dhisay Motherboard-ka. Gudaha waxaa jira qaybo badan oo u ogolaanaya TPM inay qabato shaqadeeda. Waa maxay shaqadeeda dhabta ah? Waa kuwan hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee TPM ay qabato:

• TPM waxay si badbaado leh u kaydisaa furayaasha sirta ah, shahaadooyinka amniga, iyo furayaasha sirta waxayna ka hortagtaa faragelinta aan la ogolayn.
• Waxay si badbaado leh u kaydisaa macluumaadka ku saabsan kombayutarka, markaas way fududahay in la ogaado haddii qof uu wax u dhimay kombiyuutarka.
• TPM waxay si ammaan ah u soo saari kartaa furayaasha sirta si aan habka loo basaasin ama loo faragelin.

Marka laga reebo hawlahan, TPM waxa kale oo ka mid ah furaha sireed adag, gaar ah, oo aan la beddeli karin, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aan suurtogal ahayn in la beddelo ama la fara geliyo.

Isku soo wada duuboo, TPM - ku waa qalab u go'ay Motherboard-kaaga kaas oo u oggolaanaya isticmaalka kombuyuutarka badbaadsan iyo xaqiijinta. Hagaag^(Well) , marka laga reebo haddii aad leedahay f TPM ama TPP .

fTPM iyo PTT

f TPM (firmware TPM ) iyo PTT ( Platform Trust Technology ) waa AMD iyo Intel magacyo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay "firmware " TPMs . Halkii laga heli lahaa chip ka go'an Motherboard-ka, shaqada Module Platform ee^{(Trusted Platform Module)} la aamini karo waxay ka dhex jirtaa qalabka CPU-ga. TPM iyo TPP waxay ku dhex ^(TPP)milmeen^(TPM) inta badan processor-rada casriga ah ee AMD iyo Intel , laakiin shaqadu waxay u baahan tahay in la dhaqaajiyo si ay u shaqeyso.

Tani waa halka ay arrimuhu ku yara adkaan karaan. Caadi ahaan, sida caadiga ah, kuwa sameeya Motherboard-yada waxay curyaamiyaan shaqada TPM firmware laakiin ka dib waxay kuu oggolaanayaan inaad gacanta ku shido gudaha BIOS ama UEFI menu^{(BIOS or UEFI menu)} . Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama nooc kasta oo Motherboard-ku uu kala duwanaan karo, waa inaad ka hubisaa buug-gacmeedka Motherboard-ka tilmaamo gaar ah oo ku saabsan sida loo kiciyo TPM -gaaga firmware .

Xaaladaha qaarkood, in kasta oo CPU -gaagu leeyahay muuqaal ^(CPU)TPM firmware ah, motherboard-kaagu waxa laga yaabaa inuu waayo ikhtiyaarka uu ku shido. Qaar ka mid ah hooyada-dhamaadka hoose ama ciyaaraha diirada saaraya waxaa laga yaabaa inay waayaan ikhtiyaarka sababtoo ah looguma jeedin macaamiisha ganacsiga. Waxaan rajeyneynaa^(Hopefully) , marka la eego shuruudaha Windows 11 , inta badan kuwa sameeya Motherboard-yada ayaa soo saari doona cusbooneysiinta firmware^{(firmware updates)} -ka Motherboard-yadooda, iyagoo ku daraya muuqaalka. Haddii kale, markaas waxaa laga yaabaa inaad bedesho Motherboard-ka ugu yaraan.

Ma ku dari karaa Module Platform ah^{(Platform Module)} oo la aamini karo ?

Ka waran haddii aadan Motherboard-ka ku lahayn TPM jireed oo aadan rajo ka qabin isticmaalka TPM firmware ? Xaaladaha qaarkood, waxaa suurtagal ah in la iibsado TPM sida ku-darka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Motherboard-kaagu wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu si cad u taageero cusboonaysiinta oo uu yeesho madaxa TPM ee loo baahan yahay . TPM la'aanteed , ma jirto meel lagu rakibo TPM .

Waqtiga qorista, cusboonaysiinta TPM aad ayay qaali u tahay, markaa qaado wakhti aad ku barbar dhigto kharashka moduleka TPM iyo qiimaha beddelka hooyada.

Sida loo hubiyo TPM

Haddii aad ku shaqeyneyso Windows 10 oo aad rabto inaad xaqiijiso inaad haysato Module Platform^{(Trusted Platform Module)} la aamini karo oo shaqeynaya , waa tan waxa la sameeyo:

1. Riix furayaasha Windows iyo^{(Windows and R keys)} R. Sanduuqa wada hadalka Run waa inuu furmaa.
2. Ku qor tpm.msc oo tabo Gelida^(Enter) .

1. Marka uu furmo daaqada Maareynta TPM^{(TPM Management)} , hubi inay tiraahdo "TPM waa diyaar in la isticmaalo"^{(“The TPM is ready to use”)} ee hoos yimaada Xaaladda^(Status) . Markaa xaqiiji in nooca qeexitaanka ee hoos yimaada Macluumaadka Soo saaraha TPM^{(TPM Manufacturer Information)} uu yahay 2.0 ama ka weyn^{( 2.0 or greater)} .

Haddii labadan xog ee xogtu ay jiraan oo ay sax yihiin, waad fiicantahay inaad tagto. Kaliya^(Just) xusuusnow inaysan halkan ka muuqan doonin kiiska TPM firmware ilaa lagu shido BIOS -ka .

Windows 11 wuxuu u baahan yahay^(Needs) wax ka badan^(Than) TPM kaliya

Iyadoo Module Platform-ka la Aaminsan^{(Trusted Platform Module)} yahay uu helay inta badan dareenka argagaxa guud ee ku saabsan shuruudaha Windows 11 , haysashada TPM ee kumbuyuutarkaaga kuma filna lafteeda. In kasta oo Windows 11 aanu ahayn mid gaajaysan marka la eego qeexitaannada, waxay sidoo kale leedahay shuruudo kale oo la yaab leh.

Waxa^(Chief) ugu waaweyn kuwan waa baahida loo qabo CPU-yada^(CPUs) jiil gaar ah. Waxaad u baahan doontaa kombuyuutar leh ugu yaraan jiilka 8aad ee Intel CPU ama 2000-taxane Ryzen CPU haddii kale, Windows ma shaqayn doono. Mar labaad^(Again) , taasi waa ilaa inta aan ognahay wakhtiga qorista.

Marka, in kasta oo ay leeyihiin awood xisaabeed ka badan oo ku filan, jiilka 6-aad iyo 7 -aad ee Intel CPUs iyo 1000-taxane Ryzen CPUs ayaa ku xaddidan Windows 10 .

Sida kaliya ee lagu hubin karo in kombuyuutarkaaga hadda uu u hoggaansamo dhammaan shuruudaha hadda jira waa inaad u gudubto bogga rasmiga ah ee Windows 11^{(official Windows 11 requirements page)} si aad gacanta ugu hubiso shuruud kasta. Nasiib darro, Microsoft ayaa soo jiidatay Windows 11 App Checker-ka caafimaadka^{(Health Checker)} wakhtiga la joogo. Waxa kale oo aad isku dayi kartaa dhinaca saddexaad iyo isha furan ee WhyNotWin11 codsiga^{(WhyNotWin11 application)} , laakiin waxaad sidaas u samaysaa khatartaada!

What Is Trusted Platform Module (TPM) and How Does It Work?

While mоst home users don’t sрend much time thinking аbout it, computer security is critical. So important that many business-focused computers have special hardware inside them (such as smartcard readers), making it difficult to hack or otherwise compromise them. 

A TPM (Trusted Platform Module) is becoming a standard feature on new computers, especially business-focused ones. So what is a TPM, and why would you want one?

Why Should You Care About TPM?

Until recently, the only people who needed to care about TPMs were those working in large companies where network security is a top priority. People working from home on their personal computers or those who mainly use their computers for gaming and entertainment did not need to know about TPMs.

However, with the announcement of Windows 11, it has suddenly become one of the most important three-letter acronyms in the computing world. This is because Windows 11 requires a Trusted Platform Module in a computer for it to work at all. Specifically, it requires TPM 2.0, although these requirements are subject to change at Microsoft’s discretion.

Windows 10 support ends on October 14, 2025. It will no longer receive security patches of further updates from Microsoft. At that point, you either need to disconnect your computer from the internet or upgrade to Windows 11. 

As it stands, you simply won’t be able to upgrade and also can’t keep using Windows 10! Unless you move to Linux (great idea!) or another Windows alternative, you will have to buy a new computer. That’s true even if your existing one is still fine! Microsoft may soften its stance in the future, but right now, that’s the reality of the situation.

Now that you know why the TPM issue is essential, let’s dig into what a TPM is.

The TPM Is a Chip

The TPM is a physical component that’s usually built into your motherboard. Inside there are many components that let the TPM do its job. What is its job exactly? Here are the main tasks a TPM performs:

• The TPM stores passwords, security certificates, and encryption keys securely and prevents unauthorized tampering.
• It stores information about the computer securely, so it’s easy to detect if anyone has tampered with the computer.
• A TPM can securely generate encryption keys so that the process cannot be spied upon or interfered with.

Apart from these functions, the TPM also includes a hard-wired, unique, and unalterable encryption key, making it impossible for it to be substituted or tampered with.

In a nutshell, the TPM is a dedicated piece of hardware on your motherboard that allows for safe computer use and authentication. Well, except if you have fTPM or TPP.

fTPM and PTT

fTPM (firmware TPM) and PTT (Platform Trust Technology) are AMD and Intel’s respective names for “firmware” TPMs. Instead of a dedicated chip on the motherboard, the Trusted Platform Module functionality exists within the CPU’s firmware. fTPM and TPP are integrated into most modern AMD and Intel processors, but the function needs to be activated for it to work.

This is where things can become a little complicated. Usually, by default, motherboard makers disable firmware TPM functionality but then allow you to switch it on manually in your BIOS or UEFI menu. However, since each motherboard brand and model may be different, you should check your motherboard manual for specific instructions on how to activate your firmware TPM.

In some cases, despite your CPU having a firmware TPM feature, your motherboard may lack the option to toggle it on. Some lower-end or gaming-focused motherboards may lack the option because they aren’t aimed at business customers. Hopefully, in light of the Windows 11 requirement, most motherboard makers will issue firmware updates for their motherboards, adding the feature. If not, then you may have to replace your motherboard at the very least.

Can I Add a Trusted Platform Module?

What if you don’t have a physical TPM on your motherboard and no prospect of using a firmware TPM? In some cases, it is possible to buy a TPM as an add-on. However, your motherboard needs to explicitly support the upgrade and have the required TPM header. Without a TPM header, there’s nowhere to install the TPM.

At the time of writing, TPM upgrades are surprisingly expensive, so do take the time to compare the cost of a TPM module against the cost of a motherboard replacement.

How to Check for a TPM

If you’re running Windows 10 and want to confirm that you have a present and working Trusted Platform Module, here’s what to do:

1. Press the Windows and R keys together. The Run dialog box should open.
2. Type tpm.msc and press Enter.

1. Once the TPM Management window opens, check that it says “The TPM is ready to use” under Status. Then confirm that the specification version under TPM Manufacturer Information is 2.0 or greater.

If both of these bits of information are present and correct, you’re good to go. Just remember that it won’t show up here in the case of a firmware TPM unless toggled on in the BIOS.

Windows 11 Needs More Than Just a TPM

While the Trusted Platform Module has received most of the attention in the general panic about Windows 11 requirements, having a TPM in your computer isn’t enough by itself. While Windows 11 isn’t that power-hungry in terms of specifications, it also has other rather surprising requirements.

Chief among these is the need for CPUs of a certain generation. You’ll need a computer with at least an 8th-generation Intel CPU or 2000-series Ryzen CPU otherwise, Windows will not work. Again, that’s as far as we know at the time of writing.

So, despite having more than enough computing power, high-end 6th- and 7th- generation Intel CPUs and 1000-series Ryzen CPUs are limited to Windows 10.

The only way to ensure that your current computer complies with all current requirements is to head to the official Windows 11 requirements page to check every requirement manually. Unfortunately, Microsoft has pulled their Windows 11 Health Checker app for the time being. You can also try the third-party and open-source WhyNotWin11 application, but you do so at your own risk!

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