NFC waa erey la soo gaabiyey oo loogu talagalay Isgaarsiinta Goobta dhow^{(Near Field Communication)} , waxaana badanaa la adeegsadaa marka la tixraacayo taleefannada casriga ah iyo tablet-yada. Waa maxay macnaha NFC , maxayse NFC qabataa? Dad badan ayaa iibsada taleefannada casriga ah ee qaaliga ah, kuwaas oo dhamaantood NFC ku yaal, laakiin ma haystaan ​​wax fikrad ah waxa NFC yahay iyo sida ay u isticmaali karaan. Haddii aad jeclaan lahayd inaad wax badan ka ogaato NFC , Aaladaha NFC-awood u leh, NFC tags^(NFC) , iyo akhristayaasha NFC , sii akhri:^(NFC)

Waa maxay NFC? Waa maxay macnaha NFC?

NFC waxay u taagan tahay Isgaadhsiinta Goobta dhow^{(Near Field Communication)} , iyo, asal ahaan, waa jaangooyo isku dhow, heerarka isgaarsiinta wireless-ka oo hooseeya. NFC waxay u ogolaataa aaladaha elektiroonigga ah inay abuuraan isgaarsiinta raadiyaha laba-geesoodka ah ee midba midka kale, iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada dhammaystirka ah sida Bluetooth ama WiFi . NFC waa tignoolajiyada bilaa-waayirka ah oo ku shaqayn doonta dhowr senti mitir qalab kale oo NFC karti u leh.

Sidee NFC u shaqeysaa?

NFC waxay ku shaqeysaa iyadoo taabato laba qalab ama isu soo dhoweeya midba midka kale fogaan ka yar 4 inji ama 10 sentimitir.

Waxay u badan tahay inaad maqashay RFID ama Aqoonsiga Soo noqnoqda Raadiyaha^{(Radio-Frequency Identification)} . Isticmaalka ugu baahsan ee calaamadaha RFID waxay ku jiraan kaararka deynta. Haddii kaarkaaga deynta uu taageerayo lacag bixinta aan lala xiriirin, taasi waa sababta oo ah waxay ku leedahay summada RFID^(RFID) , dukaamada tafaariiqda ayaa akhrin kara macluumaadka ku yaal si ay kuugu dallacaan.

Kaadhka^{(Contactless)} aan xidhiidhka lahayn ee RFID . Sawirka waxaa qaaday ING Nederlands

NFC waa tignoolajiyad la mid ah RFID , laakiin farqiga muhiimka ah ee leh, halka chips RFID kaliya la akhriyi karo, NFC waxay sidoo kale u ogolaataa aaladdaada inay gudbiso oo ka hesho macluumaadka aaladaha kale ee NFC -karti u ah. Sidaa darteed, halka NFC iyo RFID ay isku mid yihiin, isku mid maaha.

Markaad isku xidho laba qalab oo NFC ku shaqeeya, NFC waxay si toos ah ugu xidhi kartaa iyaga oo isticmaalaya Bluetooth ka dibna waxay bilaabi kartaa wareejinta macluumaadka dhexdooda. Aaladaha qaarkood, sida Samsung Galaxy smart phones, waxay sidoo kale isticmaali karaan NFC si ay u bilaabaan isku xirka WiFi tooska^{(Direct WiFi)} ah ee qalabkaaga si toos ah. Marka la barbar dhigo Bluetooth , WiFi Direct aad buu u dheereeyaa.

Maxay NFC ku qabataa taleefankayga?

NFC waxay leedahay adeegsiyaal badan, kuwa ugu badanna waa kuwan soo socda:

• Ku wareeji xiriirada iyo bogagga shabakadda ee u dhexeeya taleefannada casriga ah^{(Transfer contacts and web pages between your smartphones)} - wareejinta degdegga ah ee xiriirada iyo bogagga shabakadda ee u dhexeeya taleefannada casriga ah ee leh NFC . Waa hab degdeg ah oo lagu kala wareejiyo xogtan oo kale inta u dhaxaysa laba taleefan oo casriga ah.
• Lacagaha aan lala xidhiidhin ee^{(Contactless payments with your smartphone)} casrigaaga - waxaad isticmaali kartaa talefanka gacanta ee NFC si aad u sameyso lacag-bixin degdeg ah, sida adiga oo isticmaalaya kaarka deynta. Labada Google iyo Apple waxay bixiyaan xalalka lacag-bixinta NFC iyaga oo isticmaalaya barnaamijyadooda ^(NFC)Wallet mobile . Barnaamijyadan, waxaad ku kaydin kartaa macluumaadka kaadhka deynta ka dibna waxaad wax ku bixin kartaa taleefankaaga casriga ah bedelkii kaarka deynta. Habka lacag-bixinta ayaa sidaas ah si degdeg ah.
• Ku xidho taleefankaaga casriga ah aaladaha kale ee elektiroonigga ah ee macaamiisha^{(Pair your smartphone with other consumer electronic devices)} - NFC waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu dhejiyo iPhone-kaaga ama taleefannada casriga ah ee Android-ka dhegaha-dhegaha, kuwa ku hadasha la qaadi karo, ciyaartoyga warbaahinta, ama kontaroolayaasha ciyaarta ee leh NFC .
• Ku xidh talefankaaga casriga ah gaadhigaaga^{(Pair your smartphone with your car)} - NFC waxa kale oo ay si fiican uga helaysaa soosaarayaasha baabuurta sababta oo ah tignoolajiyadaani waxa ay u ogolaan kartaa isticmaaleyaasha in ay si degdeg ah ugu xidhmaan qalabkooda casriga ah nidaamka warbaahinta badan ee gaadhiga. Shirkadaha sida BMW ama Mercedes ayaa NFC ku daray nooca baabuurta cusub.
• Ku wareejinta feylasha casrigaaga ama taleefankaaga casriga ah^{(Transfer files from or to your smartphone)} - NFC waxa loo isticmaali karaa in si toos ah loo dhamaystiro tillaabooyinka awood siinta, isku xidhka, iyo samaynta isku xidhka Bluetooth ama Tooska ah ee WiFi^{(Direct WiFi)} si loo sameeyo xawilaadaha faylka ee u dhexeeya laba taleefan oo NFC awood u leh, laakiin sidoo kale taleefankaaga casriga ah ilaa tablet-kaaga. , ama 2-in-1 qalab.

Awood -siinta NFC iyo lacag-bixinta aan lala xidhiidhin ee Samsung Galaxy

Waa maxay summada NFC?

Calaamadaha NFC^(NFC) waa kuwo yaryar, aan qaali ahayn, kuwa caqli-gal ah oo lagu sameeyay qadar yar oo xusuusta kaydinta ah, chip raadiyaha, iyo anteeno yar. Waa aalado dhuuban oo la geliyo kiisas yar yar oo balaastik ah ama xitaa lagu dhejin karo warqad ama warqad. Calaamadaha NFC^(NFC) uma baahna baytari si ay u shaqeeyaan: waxay awoodooda ka soo jiidanayaan qalabka NFC -awood u leh ee aad taabato ama ku dhowdahay iyaga adoo isticmaalaya induction.

Calaamad NFC^(NFC) smart ah oo ay samaysay Samsung ( Galaxy Smart Tag )

Waa maxay NFC tag akhriyaha?

Calaamadaha NFC^(NFC) waxaa lagu akhriyi karaa, waxaad qiyaastay, akhristeha NFC . Akhristayaasha tag NFC waa agab ^(NFC)NFC -awood u leh oo akhrin kara macluumaadka ku kaydsan summada NFC . Akhristayaasha NFC ee ugu caansan waa taleefannada casriga ah. Caadi ahaan, aaladaha Android waxay akhriyi karaan (iyo sidoo kale qori karaan) calaamadaha NFC si caadi ah, maadaama nidaamka hawlgalka uu yaqaan sida loogu shaqeeyo farsamadan. Dhanka kale, kaliya iPhone-yada cusub ayaa taas si toos ah u sameyn kara, maadaama Apple uusan u isticmaalin inuu u ogolaado iOS inuu si toos ah u akhriyo calaamadaha NFC ee iPhone-yadii hore. ^(NFC)Waxaan mawduucan si faahfaahsan u taabanaynaa dambe ee maqaalkan.

Xagee kale ayaa NFC loo isticmaalaa?

Waxa kale oo jira adeegsiyaal kale oo aan wakhtigan si weyn u faafin balse ay diyaariyeen shirkadaha qaarkood. Mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu xiisaha badan ayaa ah in NFC loo isticmaali karo gelitaanka iyo hubinta amniga: waxaad isticmaali kartaa aaladaha NFC , sida taleefankaaga casriga ah, si aad u xaqiijiso aqoonsigaaga oo aad gasho dhismaha xafiiskaaga, tusaale ahaan. Dhowr shirkadood iyo jaamacado ayaa sidoo kale u isticmaalaya qalabka NFC -awood u leh sida calaamado ammaan. Sidoo kale, shirkadaha sida Iberia airlines ee Spain waxay u ogolaadaan dadka safarka ah inay ku kaydiyaan kaadhadhka ay ku raacaan telefoonadooda NFC. Sidoo kale, hawl wadeenka tareenada Scotland ee Rambus wuxuu^(Rambus) kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ku bixiso tigidhada tareenka adoo isticmaalaya taleefannada casriga ah ee NFC karti u leh.

Akhristaha NFC^(NFC) oo saaran gaadhiga dadweynaha

NFC khatar ma tahay ? NFC ma tahay in uu shido ama damo?

Hoos u dhaca kaliya ee ugu weyn ee tignoolajiyadan ayaa ah in aysan bixin wax ilaalin ah ama ilaalin ka baxsan xaqiiqda ah in isgaarsiinta lagu sameyn karo kaliya meel aad u dhow (dhowr inji ama sentimitir). NFC waxay u nugushahay dhammaan noocyada weerarrada, laga bilaabo dhageysiga ilaa xogta wax ka beddelka. Liis dhamaystiran oo dayacanka ayaa lagu diiwaan geliyay Wikipedia : NFC Nuglaanta^{(NFC Vulnerabilities)} . Marka, in kasta oo NFC lafteedu aysan khatar ahayn, waxaan kugula talineynaa inaad iska ilaaliso oo aad awood siiso NFC marka aad u baahato.

Ma ku haystaa NFC taleefankayga Android ?

Dhammaan taleefannada casriga ah ee Android ma haystaan ​​NFC , ugu yaraan maaha moodooyinka ka jaban. Si aad u sheegto in aad NFC ku haysato casrigaaga Android^(Android) , marka hore fur Settings . Kadibna, isticmaal goobta raadinta si aad u raadiso NFC . Badanaa waxaa laga helaa qaybta Wireless & networks (ama qaybta Connections ee taleefannada casriga ah ee Samsung Galaxy ), meel ka hoosaysa Bluetooth , ama qayb xidhiidho dheeraad^{(More connections)} ah. Haddii aad hesho natiijo raadin oo lagu magacaabo NFC , markaa waxaad NFC ku haysaa taleefankaaga casriga ah. Taabo NFCnatiijada raadinta iyo, shaashadda xigta, shid NFC si aad awood ugu yeelato.

Awood u siinta NFC ee casriga ah ee Android

Haddii aad rabto in aad wax badan ka ogaato, baro sida loo suurtageliyo oo loo isticmaalo NFC Android^{(NFC on Android)} .

Miyaan haystaa NFC iPhone-kayga?

IPhones badan ayaa haysta NFC , laakiin qaar ka mid ah ma haystaan, qaarna ma isticmaali karaan dhammaan faa'iidooyinka NFC sababtoo ah Apple waxay doorteen inaysan ku darin dhammaan sifooyinka ay ku jiraan casriga:

• Haddii aad leedahay iPhone 5, 5s, 5c, ama hore, ma lihid NFC ;
• Haddii aad haysato iPhone 6, 6 Plus, ama iPhone SE , waxaad haysataa NFC laakiin kaliya lacag-bixinta, adoo isticmaalaya Apple Pay ;
• Haddii aad haysato iPhone 7, iPhone 8, iPhone X, iPhone SE 2nd Gen , iPhone 11, ama iPhone 12, waxaad haysataa NFC lacag bixinta, waxaad sidoo kale akhrin kartaa calaamadaha NFC , laakiin waa haddii aad isticmaalayso iOS 11 ama ka cusub. Haddii aad leedahay iOS 14 ama ka cusub, waxa kale oo aad ku qori kartaa NFC tags addoo isticmaalaya apps dhinac saddexaad.

IPhone (SE 2nd Gen) oo leh NFC

Raac xiriirkan si aad u hesho macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan iPhones' NFC^{(information about iPhones’ NFC)} .

Erayada kama dambaysta ah: Yaa sameeyay NFC iyo goorma?

Sony , Philips , iyo Nokia ayaa hindisay tignoolajiyadan. Telefoonkii ugu horreeyay ee NFC leh wuxuu ahaa Nokia 6131 , waxaana la sii daayay 2006. Telefoonkii ugu horreeyay ee Android ee NFC wuxuu ahaa Nexus S , waxaana la sii daayay 2010.

Boqolaal shirkadood ayaa hadda qaatay tignoolajiyadan, waxaana aad loogu isticmaalaa dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee aaladaha sida taleefannada casriga ah, tablet-yada, PC-yada, kuwa la qaadan karo, iyo xitaa baabuurta. Horumarka tignoolajiyadan iyo heerkeeda waxaa maamula NFC Forum - urur warshadeed aan faa'iido doon ahayn. Madashan ayaa ka kooban in ka badan 100 xubnood, waxaana ka mid ah inta badan shirkadaha caanka ah ee ku jira tignoolajiyada adduunka, oo ay ku jiraan Intel , Microsoft , iyo Google . Dhammaan soosaarayaasha mobilada ee waaweyn sidoo kale waa xubno.

Sidee u isticmaashaa NFC?

Sida aad arki karto, NFC waa tignoolajiyada rajo leh oo loo isticmaali karo waxyaabo badan. Kordhinta sii kordheysa ee dhammaan noocyada aaladaha mobilada, gaar ahaan taleefannada casriga ah, waxay kordhin doontaa oo keliya muhiimada mustaqbalka. Ma isticmaaleysaa NFC si aad xogta ugu dirto taleefannada casriga ah, ku xidhidhiyeyaashaada la qaadi karo, ama hawlo kale? Ma^(Did) u tagtay hagahayaga sababtoo ah waxaad heshay "waa maxay NFC ?" MCQ ( Su'aal Xulasho Badan^{(Multiple Choice Question)} ) oo ku saabsan imtixaanka? Noo sheeg, oo la wadaag khibradaada NFC , iyo sidoo kale wixii su'aalo ah oo aad ka qabtid NFC , qaybta faallooyinka ee hoose.

What is NFC? How to use NFC -

NFC is an acronym for Near Field Communication, and it’s often used when referring to modern smartphones and tablets. What does NFC mean, and what does NFC do? Many people buy expensive smartphones, which all have NFC on them, but they have no idea what NFC is or how they can use it. If you would like to learn more about NFC, NFC-enabled devices, NFC tags, and NFC readers, read on:

What is NFC? What does NFC mean?

NFC stands for Near Field Communication, and, essentially, it’s a set of close-range, low-power wireless communication standards. NFC allows electronic devices to establish two-way radio communication with each other, using complementary technologies such as Bluetooth or WiFi. NFC is a wireless technology that will work within a few centimeters of another NFC-enabled device.

How does NFC work?

NFC works by touching two devices or placing them close to each other at distances that are less than 4 inches or 10 centimeters.

You have probably heard about RFID or Radio-Frequency Identification. The most widespread use of RFID tags is in credit cards. If your credit card supports contactless payment, that’s because it has an RFID tag in it, and retail stores can read the information on it to charge you.

Contactless card with RFID. Photo by ING Nederlands

NFC is a technology similar to RFID, but with the crucial difference that, while RFID chips can only be read, NFC also lets your device transmit and receive information from other NFC-enabled devices. Therefore, while NFC and RFID are similar, they are not the same thing.

When you pair two NFC-enabled devices, NFC can automatically connect them using Bluetooth and then start transferring information between them. Some devices, like Samsung Galaxy smartphones, can also use NFC to initiate a Direct WiFi connection between your devices automatically. Compared to Bluetooth, WiFi Direct is much faster.

What does NFC do on my phone?

NFC has many uses, and the most common are the following:

• Transfer contacts and web pages between your smartphones - instant transfer of contacts and web pages between smartphones with NFC. It is a quick way to transfer such data between two smartphones.
• Contactless payments with your smartphone - you can use your NFC-enabled smartphone to perform quick payments, just like you would with a credit card. Both Google and Apple provide NFC payment solutions through their mobile Wallet apps. In these apps, you can store your credit card information and then make payments with your smartphone instead of your credit card. The payment process is thus faster.
• Pair your smartphone with other consumer electronic devices - NFC can be used to pair your iPhone or your Android smartphones with headsets, portable speakers, media players, or game controllers that also have NFC.
• Pair your smartphone with your car - NFC is also getting great adoption from car manufacturers because this technology can allow users to connect their smart devices to their car multimedia system quickly. Companies such as BMW or Mercedes have added NFC to their new car models.
• Transfer files from or to your smartphone - NFC can be used to automatically complete the steps of enabling, pairing, and establishing Bluetooth or Direct WiFi connections to perform file transfers between two NFC-enabled smartphones, but also from your smartphone to your tablet, laptop, or 2-in-1 device.

Enabling NFC and contactless payments on a Samsung Galaxy

What is an NFC tag?

NFC tags are small, inexpensive, smart tags made with a tiny amount of storage memory, a radio chip, and a small antenna. They are very thin devices that can be inserted into small plastic cases or even stuck to a paper or a flyer. NFC tags don’t need batteries to run: they draw their power from NFC-enabled devices that you tap or keep close to them using induction.

A smart NFC tag made by Samsung (Galaxy Smart Tag)

What is an NFC tag reader?

NFC tags can be read with, you guessed, an NFC tag reader. NFC tag readers are NFC-enabled devices that can read the information stored on an NFC tag. The most common NFC readers are smartphones. Usually, Android devices can read (and also write) NFC tags by default, as the operating system knows how to work with this technology. On the other hand, only newer iPhones can do that directly, as Apple didn’t use to let iOS automatically read NFC tags on older iPhones. We’re touching on this subject in more detail later in this article.

Where else is NFC used?

There are also other uses that are not widespread at this point but are made available by some companies. One of the most interesting is that NFC can be used for access and security checks: you can use NFC devices, such as your smartphone, to validate your identity and get access to your office building, for example. Several companies and universities are also using NFC-enabled devices as security badges. Also, companies like Iberia airlines in Spain allow travelers to store their boarding passes on their NFC-enabled phones. Similarly, the Scottish railway operator Rambus lets you pay for your train tickets using NFC-enabled smartphones.

NFC reader in a public transport vehicle

Is NFC dangerous? Should NFC be on or off?

The only major downside of this technology is that it does not provide any security or protection outside the fact that communication can be done only within a very close range (of a few inches or centimeters). NFC is vulnerable to all kinds of attacks, from eavesdropping to data modification. A complete list of vulnerabilities was documented on Wikipedia: NFC Vulnerabilities. So, while NFC is not dangerous by itself, we do recommend you to keep it off and only enable NFC when you need it.

Do I have NFC on my Android smartphone?

Not all Android smartphones have NFC available, at least not the cheaper models. To tell whether you have NFC on your Android smartphone, first open the Settings. Then, use the search field to look for NFC. It is usually found in the Wireless & networks category (or the Connections category on Samsung Galaxy smartphones), somewhere beneath Bluetooth, or in a More connections section. If you get a search result named NFC, then you have NFC on your smartphone. Tap on the NFC search result and, on the next screen, turn the NFC switch on to enable it.

Enabling NFC on an Android smartphone

If you want to know more, learn how to enable and use NFC on Android.

Do I have NFC on my iPhone?

Many iPhones do have NFC, but some of them don’t, and some just can’t use all the benefits of NFC because Apple chose not to include all its features on its smartphones:

• If you have an iPhone 5, 5s, 5c, or previous, you do not have NFC;
• If you have an iPhone 6, 6 Plus, or iPhone SE, you have NFC but only for payments, using Apple Pay;
• If you have an iPhone 7, iPhone 8, iPhone X, iPhone SE 2nd Gen, iPhone 11, or iPhone 12, you have NFC for payments, and you can also read NFC tags, but only if you are using iOS 11 or newer. If you have iOS 14 or newer, you can also write NFC tags using third-party apps.

An iPhone (SE 2nd Gen) that has NFC

Follow this link to get more detailed information about iPhones’ NFC.

Final words: Who made NFC and when?

Sony, Philips, and Nokia invented this technology. The first phone with NFC was Nokia 6131, and it was released in 2006. The first Android smartphone with NFC was the Nexus S, and it was released in 2010.

Hundreds of companies have now adopted this technology, and it is widely used in all kinds of devices like smartphones, tablets, PCs, portable speakers, and even cars. The evolution of this technology and its standard is managed by the NFC Forum - a non-profit industry association. This forum has more than 100 members, and it includes most of the prominent companies in the world of technology, including Intel, Microsoft, and Google. All the major mobile manufacturers are also members.

How do you use NFC?

As you can see, NFC is a promising technology that can be used for many things. Its growing adoption in all kinds of mobile devices, especially smartphones, will only increase its importance in the future. Are you using NFC to send data between your smartphones, connect to your portable speakers, or other tasks? Did you get to our guide simply because you got a “what is NFC?” MCQ (Multiple Choice Question) on an exam? Let us know, and share your experience with NFC, as well as any questions you might have about NFC, in the comments section below.

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