Qof kasta oo guriga ku haysta router^{(network router)} -ka waxa kale oo uu leeyahay shabakad degaanka ah ( LAN ), taas oo sahlaysa in la wadaago agabka iyo xogta aaladaha dhexdooda. Shabakadaha casriga ah sidoo kale si degdeg ah ayay u shidan yihiin, iyaga oo ka dhigaya wareejinta faylalka waaweyn ee LAN mid macquul ah. 

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad haysatid NAS weyn ( kaydinta shabakada ku lifaaqan) oo ay ka buuxaan warbaahin iyo dukumentiyo. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la shaqaynayso la-hawlgalayaasheeda kale oo aad u baahan tahay inaad isku shaandhayso macluumaadka u dhexeeya aaladaha gudaha. Nasiib darrose, xitaa shabakadaha casriga ah waxay ku socdaan arrimaha waxqabadka iyo wareejinta faylka ayaa hoos u dhigi karta. 

Ma isku aragtaa in aad la yaabban tahay, "Waa maxay sababta shabakadaydu u gaabis tahay"? Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah hagaajinta waxtarka leh oo heli doona xogta mar kale socota.

Xidhiidhka ugu liita ee Silsiladda

Laga bilaabo marka xirmada shabakada laga soo diro aaladaha ilaa marka ay timaaddo mid kale, waxaa jira rogrogis badan oo safarka ah. Wadarta xawliga wareejinta shabakadu waa sida ugu dhakhsaha badan sida qaybta ugu gaabisa silsiladda. 

Tan maskaxda ku hay markaad isku dayayso inaad la socoto isha xogta shabakada gaabiska ah ee wareejinta. Haddii ay suurtagal tahay, si nidaamsan u tirtir dembiilayaasha suurtagalka ah.

Waxaa jira qalab shabakadeed oo kaa caawin kara inaad hesho cilada shabakada, laakiin kuwan waxaa loogu talagalay shabakado ganacsi oo adag. LAN yar , waxa soo socdaa guud ahaan silsiladda qaybaha:

• Qalabka soo diraya (tusaale PC)
• Isku xirka shabakada ( Ethernet ama WiFi )
• Router-ka shabakadda
• Isku xirka shabakada ( Ethernet ama WiFi )
• Qalabka loo socdo (tusaale kombuyuutar kale ama aaladda kaydinta shabakad ku xidhan)

Waxaa jira waqtiyo marka ay noqon karto mid ka sii adag tan. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad isticmaaleyso adabtarada korontadu^{(powerline adapter)} ama ku celiyaha WiFi , adigoo ku daraya tallaabo kale oo silsiladda ah. Jidadka WiFi ee Mesh^{(Mesh WiFi)} ayaa sidoo kale ku soo badanaya guriga. Tani waxay la macno tahay inaad sidoo kale u baahan karto inaad hubiso noodhka gaarka ah ee nidaamka mesh-ka. 

Barbaarinta Xawaaraha Shabakaddaada

Kahor intaadan bilaabin inaad meel walba ka raadiso dhibaatooyinka, talaabada ugu horeysa ee wanaagsan waa inaad cabirto waxqabadka shabakadaada adoo isticmaalaya utility khaas ah. Barnaamijyadan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu tijaabiyo xawaaraha wareejinta shabakadaada hal dhibic ilaa meel kale iyada oo la jarayo waxyaabaha aan khusayn sida xawaaraha darawalka adag ama nidaamka hawlgalka. 

Haddii bartilmaameedka shabakadu muujiso heerarka waxqabadka caadiga ah, markaa waxaad eegi kartaa ilo kale oo dhibaatooyin ah oo aan la xiriirin qalabkaaga shabakadda.

Tijaabada Xawaaraha LAN ^{(LAN Speed Test)} Lite waa hal tusaale oo wanaagsan oo ah utility test test network. Waxa kaliya oo ay tahay inaad sameyso waa inaad qeexdo gal la wadaago shabakada si bartilmaameed ahaan iyo appku wuxuu cabbiri doonaa xawaaraha wareejinta. Maadaama taasi ay weli ku lug leedahay darawallada adag ee labada qalab, waxaad sidoo kale ku dari kartaa LST Server .

Ku socodsii app-ka serverka kumbiyuutarka bartilmaameedka ah iyo tijaabada xawaaraha mashiinka kale. Tani waxay cabbiri doontaa waxqabadka shabakada saafiga ah, iyadoo ku siinaya tilmaam weyn oo ku saabsan inta xawaaraha wareejinta dhab ahaantii la heli karo iyo sababta shabakadaadu aad u gaabis tahay.

Calaamadaha WiFi daciifka ah

Mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu badan ee xawliga wareejinta xogta shabakada liidata waa awooda signalka WiFi daciifka ah ama faragelinta ishaarada. ^(WiFi)Si ka duwan isku xirka fiilada Ethernet , isku xirka wirelessku wuxuu muujin karaa isbedel aad u badan. Isbeddel yar oo ku yimaada booska ama fogaanta, faragelinta raadiyaha waqtiyada qaarkood ee maalinta, wajiga dayaxa; ugu yaraan laba ka mid ah arrimahan ayaa ka dhigi kara xawaaraha WiFi hoos u dhaca.^(WiFi)

Hagaajinta waxqabadka WiFi waxay u qalantaa maqaalka laftiisa, markaa u gudub siyaabaha ugu sarreeya ee kor loogu qaado calaamadaha WiFi & horumarinta waxqabadka^{(Top Ways to Boost WiFi Signals & Improve Performance)} oo aad hesho dhammaan talooyinka kulul ee aad u baahan tahay si aad u hesho calaamad fiican oo wireless ah.

Xawaaraha Kaydinta

Mid ka mid ah qodobbada inta badan la illoobo ee cilad-saarka shabakad gaabis ah ayaa ah xawaaraha warbaahinta kaydinta ee labada daraf ee wareejinta. Iyada oo leh gigabit guriga LAN^(LANs) ee degdega ah ama xitaa shabakadaha gaabis ah, darawalada makaanikada qaarkood si fudud uma wareejin karaan xogta si ku filan si ay u sii wadaan. 

Xitaa haddii aysan ahayn darawalka laftiisa, cilad kasta oo ku jirta nidaamka kaydinta qalabka waxay saameyn doontaa xawaaraha shabakada. Haddii wareejinta gaabis ah ay ku dhacdo hal qalab oo gaar ah, tani waxay noqon kartaa hal sabab.

Haddii darawal tartiib tartiib ah uu keeno wareejinta faylalka gaabis ah, waxaa jira waxyaabo aad sameyn karto:

• U cusboonaysii darawalka su'aasha ku saabsan moodooyinka dhoqso leh sida SSD ama farsamada farsamada-RPM-sare.
• Deji^(Set) meel kaydinta la wadaago ee shabakada, sida NAS guri gaar ah (kaydinta shabakada ku lifaaqan) alaabta.
• Adeegso wadisyo badan qaabaynta RAID si aad u dardargeliso waxqabadka.

Aaladaha kaydinta waxay had iyo jeer wax yar dib u celiyaan, markaa waxaa macno samaynaysa inaad ku hayso faylashaada ugu waaweyn uguna badan ee la heli karo darawalka shabakada maxaliga ah ee loo dhisay xawaaraha. Haddii aad leedahay xidhiidh ballaadhan oo aad u dheereeya, waxaa laga yaabaa inay dhakhso badan tahay inaad ku hayso faylashaada adeegga daruuraha sida Google Drive ama Dropbox^{(Google Drive or Dropbox)} .

Dib uga fakarista routerkaaga

Router-kaagu wuxuu fadhiyaa xudunta waxqabadka shabakadaada. Router-ku runtii waa kumbiyuutar gaar ah, oo leh processor u gaar ah, xusuusta, kaydinta iyo nidaamka hawlgalka. Router-ka leh koofiyado badan oo CPU ah, RAM badan iyo tignoolajiyada ugu dambeeyay ee shabakada ayaa si weyn uga fiicnaan doona wax kasta oo kale.

Haddii aad wax badan waydiinayso routerkaaga hadda, ku beddelka nooc cusub oo ka fiican ayaa noqon kara jawaabta. Tani waxay si gaar ah run u tahay haddii dhibaatooyinka waxqabadka shabakaddaadu ay saameeyaan shabakadda oo dhan oo aan ahayn oo keliya inta u dhaxaysa aaladaha qaarkood.

Cusbooneysiinta Firmware Router^{(Router Firmware Updates)} & Firmware Custom^{(Custom Firmware)}

Waxqabadka routerkaaga sidoo kale waxaa saameeya nidaamka qalliinka ee ku shaqeeya. Kani waa firmware-ka router-ka. Router s wuu xidhi karaa, wuu qabsan karaa dhiqlaha oo si liidata ayuu u maarayn karaa taraafikada shabakada. Soosaarayaasha router^(Router) -ka ayaa inta badan soo saara cusbooneysiin ku saabsan firmware-kooda kuwaas oo hagaajiya arrimaha waxqabadka iyo hagaajinta isku halaynta.

Xitaa haddii qalabka casriga ah ee routerkaaga uusan si fiican u maamulin waxqabadka shabakada, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad haysato ikhtiyaarka firmware-ka caadiga ah. Kani waa firmware ay qoreen hal-abuurayaal qolo saddexaad oo hagaajin kara cilladaha oo furi kara sifooyinka router-ka dheeraadka ah iyo waxqabadka. Kuma talineyno isticmaalayaasha cusub, laakiin haddii aad xiisaynayso inaad aragto in routerkaaga uu leeyahay firmware-ga gaarka ah, iska hubi DD-WRT ama OpenWRT midkood^(OpenWRT) .

Tayada router ee Dejinta Adeegga

Routers badan ayaa leh QoS ama tayada adeegyada^{(Quality of Service )} kuwaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad qeexdo noocyada taraafikada ee shabakada waa inay helaan mudnaanta.

Haddii aad rabto in faylka lagu wareejiyo qalabkaaga NAS si aad had iyo jeer u hesho inta ugu badan ee bandwidth maxalliga ah, markaa waxaad caddayn kartaa taas adiga oo gelaya routerkaaga oo aad wax ka beddesho goobaha QoS . Nasiib darro router kastaa wuxuu leeyahay QoS interface u gaar ah, marka waa inaad la tashataa buug-gacmeedka qaabkaaga si aad u barato waxyaabaha gaarka ah.

Xawaaraha Adabtarka Shabakadda iyo Dejinta

Mid kasta oo ka mid ah aaladahaaga shabakadu wuxuu leeyahay adabtarada isku xidhka shabakadda. Taasi waa adabtarada Ethernet ama adabtarada WiFi . Adabiyeyaasha laftoodu waxay taageeraan heerar gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan, toygaaga cusub waxa laga yaabaa inuu taageero WiFi 6 , laakiin inta kale ee shabakadaada waxay ka kooban tahay WiFi 4 iyo 5 qalab. Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , adapters-ka Ethernet ee taageera 10GBps, 1 Gbps , 100Mbps iyo xitaa wax ka yar qalabkii hore ayaa laga yaabaa in dhammaantood la isku daro. 

Xaaladahan hooseeye guud ee ugu hooseeya ayaa xaddidi doona xawliga wareejinta xogta, taasoo keenaysa guud ahaan shabakad gaabis ah. Laakin waxa jira xaalado marka adabtarada lafteeda si khaldan loo habayn karo. Kaarka ethernetka waxa laga yaabaa in lagu dejiyo inuu ku shaqeeyo 100Mbps marka uu dhab ahaantii awood u leeyahay inuu si degdeg ah u xawilo.

Cusbooneysiinta Wadayaasha Shabakadda

Ma aha oo kaliya routerkaaga ka faa'iidaysan kara helitaanka software la cusboonaysiiyay. Kaarka is dhexgalka shabakada ee kombiyuutarkaaga, ha ahaado Ethernet ama WiFi , sidoo kale wuxuu heli doonaa cusboonaysiinta darawalka^{(get driver updates)} waqti ka waqti.

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa in wax cusub lagu sameeyo software-ka maaraynta soo saaraha, kaas oo ku caawin kara keenaya sifooyin iyo habayn cusub. Darawaliintu waxay u sheegaan nidaamkaaga hawlgalka sida "loola hadlo" qalabka. Xaaladdan oo kale qalab is-dhexgal shabakadeed.

Haddii ay jiraan cillado ku jira darawalka ama horumariyayaashu waxay gartaan habab ka wanaagsan oo lagu maareeyo taraafikada shabakada, darawal cusub ayaa u keeni doona hagaajinta qalabkaaga.

Cusbooneysiinta Firmware Card Network

Qalabka isku xirka^(Network) shabakada sidoo kale wuxuu ka faa'iideystaa cusbooneysiinta firmware-ka iyo hagaajinta. Caadiyan meesha ugu fiican ee aad ka raadin karto noocyadan cusub waxay ku taal Motherboard-ka ama goobta soo saarta kombayutarka. Haddii ay tahay qalab isku dhafan. Haddii ay tahay aaladda USB ama kaarka ballaarinta, ka dib u gudub bogga taageerada aaladda la cayimay.

Firmware waa koodh adag oo gudaha ah oo ku shaqeeya qalabka shabakada heerka ugu hooseeya. Cusbooneysiinta^(New) firmware-ka cusub ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhejiyo dhiqlaha, loo hagaajiyo xasilloonida oo xitaa lagu daro astaamo cusub qalabkii hore. Dhammaan kuwan waxa laga yaabaa inay horumariyaan waxqabadka shabakadda.

Cusbooneysii Aaladaha Shabakadda

Shabakadeena hadda waxay leeyihiin wax ka badan kombuyuutar dhaqameed oo keliya. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad haysato kamaradaha IP, darawalada shabakada NAS , server-yada qulqulaya iyo xitaa talaajad caqli badan ama laba. Qaar ka mid ah qalabkan ayaa laga yaabaa inay keenaan ciriiri ama arrimo kale oo waxqabadka shabakada ah.

Markaa waxa mudan in la hubiyo in qaabayntooda shaqsiyadeed ay sax tahay, iyo in dhamaantood ay hayaan cusboonaysiintoodii ugu dambaysay ee software-ka. Tani waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ay tahay inaad iska ilaaliso iibsashada aaladaha shabakadaha aan summada lahayn. Caadi ahaan ma helaan hagaajin isku mid ah iyo cusboonaysiinta aaladaha ka yimaada noocyada premium-ka.

Noocyada Cable Ethernet

Kumbuyuutarkaaga iyo routerkaaga labaduba waxay taageeraan xawaare shabakad gaar ah. Hase yeeshee, marka aad ku koobiyaysid fayl shabakada, meelna kuma aad dhowaan kartid waxqabadka ugu sarreeya. Waxaa muhiim ah in maskaxda lagu hayo in xawaaraha la qiimeeyay uu yahay aragti, lagu tijaabiyay xaaladaha shaybaadhka ku habboon. Weli, dhibaatadu waxay noqon kartaa fiiladaada Ethernet^(Ethernet) .

Iyadoo fiilooyinka Ethernet^{(Ethernet cables)} laga yaabo inay dhammaantood u ekaan karaan isku mid, qaybaha kala duwan ee fiilooyinka ayaa loo sameeyay si kala duwan. Tani waxay saameyn weyn ku leedahay waxqabadkooda. Waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo gaashaan, tirooyin kala duwan oo fiilooyinka qalloocan iyo wixii la mid ah.

Tusaale ahaan, Qaybta 5 ^{(Category 5)} Ethernet waxaa lagu qiimeeyay 100Mbps. Markaa ku adeegsiga 1Gbps hardware kuma siin doono waxqabadka ay tahay inaad hesho. Mar labaad, waxaad inta badan arki doontaa xawli aad u sarreeya oo ku saabsan fiilooyinka tayada sare leh. Qaybta 5^{(Category 5)} e Ethernet waxa lagu qiimeeyay kaliya 125Mbps, laakiin waxaanu si guul leh ku tijaabinay xawaarihii in ka badan 500Mbps ee xadhkaha noocaan oo kale ah, waa haddii ay gaaban yihiin.

Xariiqda hoose waa inaad hubiso in qaybaha fiilada Ethernet ay ku habboon yihiin qiimeynta xawaaraha qalabka aad isticmaalayso.

Saturation Bandwidth Network

Waxay ahaan jirtay in router-kaagu uu kaliya ku xidhi lahaa kombiyuutarada sacab muggiis. Hadda wax kasta oo gurigaaga yaallaa waxay rabaan qayb ka mid ah shabakadda. Taleefanka casriga ah, consoles'ka ciyaarta^{(game consoles)} iyo xitaa qalabka casriga ah sida microwaves smart waxay rabaan xiriir si ay u wada hadlaan oo ay macluumaadka uga soo dejiyaan internetka.

Routers-ka casriga ahi si sahal ah ayay ugu xidhmi karaan una maamuli karaan daraasiin aalado ah, laakiin taasi macnaheedu maaha in ay jiraan xaddi xad dhaaf ah oo aan xadidnayn dhamaan aaladahaas. Haddii aalado badan ay ku riixayaan xogta shabakada hal mar, markaa waxaad ku dhamaan doontaa shabakad gaabis ah.

Xalku waa in la dhimo tirada aaladaha ku tartamaysa xadhkaha xadhkaha goosadka, la kala qaybiyo xidhidhiyaha fiilo iyo fiilo, ama la beddelo goobahooda. Dejinta u baahan in la beddelo way ka duwanaan doonaan hal qalab ilaa kan xiga. Guud ahaan ama waxaad doonaysaa inaad jadwal u samaysato noocyada hawlgallada shabakadeed ee wakhtiga habeenkii ama aad joojiso wareejinta aanad u baahnayn.

Qalab burburay

Badanaa ma aha waxa ugu horreeya ee qofku ka fekero, laakiin haddii aad isku dayday wax walba iyo xawliga wareejinta shabakadaada weli ma aha sidii ay ahayd, tixgeli in qalabkaaga shabakadu dhab ahaantii waxyeelo soo gaadhay. Xadhkaha shabakadu waa dambiilayaasha ugu badan. Fiilooyinka Ethernet ee ^(Ethernet)jajaban^(Frayed) , qalloocan ama si kale xidhan ayaa laga yaabaa inay wali shaqeeyaan laakiin ma beddeli karaan inta yar ee ay caadi ahaan awoodaan.

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay jiraan arrimo ku saabsan dekedda ethernet ee kaadhka interneedka shabakadaada. Wixii WiFi ah, hubi anteenada dibadda. Gaar ahaan nidaamyada desktop-ka halkaasoo anteenadu ay ku xiran tahay iyadoo la adeegsanayo fiilooyinka dibadda. 

Kala beddelashada fiilooyinka ethernetka waa hal dariiqo oo lagu hubiyo burburka, laakiin adeegsiga shabakado kale oo iskuxiran, sida isku beddelashada Ethernet iyo WiFi , waxay tilmaami kartaa qalab khaldan.

Degdeg kuugu filan?

Haddaba, mid ka mid ah talooyinkan miyay xalliyeen arrimaha shabakadaada gaabiska ah? Nala soo socodsii haddii arrimaha waxqabadka shabakadaada la xalliyay. Haddii kale, faallo ku dhaaf xaaladda si aad u sharraxdo, haddii aad nasiib leedahayna xubin ka mid ah bulshada akhristeyaashayada ayaa laga yaabaa inay xal u hesho dhibaatadaada gaarka ah.

Arrimaha shabakadu^(Network) had iyo jeer way yara niyad jabaan, laakiin haddii aad si nidaamsan u raadiso dhibaatooyinka waxa ay u badan tahay inay kuu noqoto mid ka fudud sidii aad filaysay.

Why Is My Network Data Transfer So Slow? 12 Fixes

Everyone with а network router at home also has a local area network (LAN), which makes it easy to share resources and data between devices. Modern networks are also blazing fast, making large file transfers over LAN feasible. 

Maybe you’ve got a large NAS (network attached storage) full of media and documents. Perhaps you’re working with other collaborators and need to shuffle information between devices locally. Sadly, even modern networks run into performance issues and file transfers can get bogged down. 

Do you find yourself wondering often, “Why is my network so slow”? Here are some useful fixes that will get the data flowing again.

The Weakest Link in the Chain

From the moment a network packet is sent from one device to when it arrives at another, there are lots of twists and turns on the journey. The total network transfer speed is only as fast as the slowest component in the chain. 

Keep this in mind when trying to track down the source of slow network data transfers. If possible, eliminate possible culprits systematically.

There are network tools out there that can help you find network bottlenecks, but these are designed for complex business networks. In a small LAN, the following is generally the chain of components:

• The sending device (e.g. PC)
• A network connection (Ethernet or WiFi)
• The network router
• A network connection (Ethernet or WiFi)
• The destination device (e.g. another PC or network attached storage device)

There are times when it can be a little more complex than this. For example, you might be using a powerline adapter or WiFi repeater, adding another step in the chain. Mesh WiFi routers are becoming more common in the home as well. This means you may need to check the individual nodes of the mesh system as well. 

Benchmarking Your Network Speed

Before you start looking all over the place for problems, a good first step is to benchmark your network performance using a specialized utility. These programs are designed to test the transfer speed of your network from one point to another while cutting out irrelevant factors such as speed of the hard drive or operating system caches. 

If the network benchmark shows normal performance levels, then you can look to another source of problems not related to your network hardware.

LAN Speed Test Lite is one good example of such a network testing utility. All you have to do is specify a shared folder on the network as a target and the app will measure the transfer speed. Since that still involves the hard drives of both devices, you can also combine it with LST Server.

Run the server app on the target computer and the speed test on the other machine. This will measure pure network performance, giving you a great indication of how much transfer speed is actually available and why your network is so slow.

Weak WiFi Signal

One of the most common causes of poor network data transfer speeds is weak WiFi signal strength or signal interference. Unlike an Ethernet cable connection, wireless connections can show quite a lot of fluctuation. A small change in position or distance, radio interference at certain times of day, the phase of the moon; at least two of these factors can make your WiFi speed drop.

Improving WiFi performance deserves an article all to itself, so head over to Top Ways to Boost WiFi Signals & Improve Performance and get all the hot tips you need to get a better wireless signal.

Storage Speeds

One oft-overlooked factor in troubleshooting a slow network is the speed of the storage media on both ends of the transfer. With fast gigabit home LANs or even on slow networks, some mechanical drives simply can’t shift data quickly enough to keep up. 

Even if it’s not the drive itself, any bottleneck in the device’s storage system will affect network speeds. If slow transfers happen with one specific device, this could be one reason.

If a slow drive is causing slow file transfers, there are a few things you can do:

• Upgrade the drive in question to faster models such as SSD or high-RPM mechanical technology.
• Set up a shared storage area on the network, such as a dedicated home NAS (network attached storage) product.
• Use multiple drives in a RAID configuration to speed up performance.

Storage devices almost always hold things back a little, so it makes sense to keep your largest and most frequently accessed files on a local network drive that’s built for speed. If you have a very fast broadband connection, it might actually be faster to keep your files on a cloud service like Google Drive or Dropbox.

Rethinking Your Router

Your network router sits at the heart of your network’s performance. A router is actually a specialized computer, with its own processor, memory, storage and operating system. A router with many CPU cores, lots of RAM and the latest network technology will significantly outperform everything else.

If you’re asking too much of your current router, replacing it with a newer and better model could be the answer. This is especially true if your network performance problems affect the entire network and not just between certain devices.

Router Firmware Updates & Custom Firmware

Your router’s performance is also affected by the operating system that runs it. This is the router’s firmware. Routers can hang up, have bugs and handle network traffic poorly. Router manufacturers usually issue updates to their firmware that fix performance issues and improve reliability.

Even if your router’s updated firmware doesn’t handle network performance well, you may have the option of custom firmware. This is firmware written by third party creators that can fix bugs and unlock additional router features and performance. We don’t recommend this to novice users, but if you’re interested in seeing whether your router has custom firmware, check out either DD-WRT or OpenWRT.

Router Quality of Service Settings

Many routers have QoS or Quality of Service settings that let you specify which types of traffic on the network should get priority.

If you want file transfers to your NAS device to always get the bulk of local bandwidth, then you can specify that by logging into your router and modifying the QoS settings. Unfortunately each router has its own unique QoS interface, so you’ll have to consult the manual for your model to learn the specifics.

Network Adapter Speeds and Settings

Each one of your devices on the network has a network interface adapter. That’s the Ethernet adapter or WiFi adapter. The adapters themselves support a particular set of standards. For example, your newest toy may support WiFi 6, but the rest of your network consists of WiFi 4 and 5 devices. Likewise, Ethernet adapters that support 10GBps, 1 Gbps, 100Mbps and even less on old hardware may all be mixed together. 

In these cases the lowest common denominator will limit data transfer speeds, causing an overall slow network. But there are situations where the adapter itself could be misconfigured. Your ethernet card may be set to run at 100Mbps when it’s actually capable of faster transfer rates.

Updating Network Drivers

It’s not just your router that can benefit from having updated software. The network interface card in your computer, whether Ethernet or WiFi, will also get driver updates from time to time.

There may also be updates to the manufacturer’s management software, which can help by bringing in new features and settings. Drivers tell your operating system how to “speak” to hardware. In this case a network interface device.

If there are bugs in the driver or developers figure out better ways to manage network traffic, a new driver will bring those improvements to your device.

Updating Network Card Firmware

Network interface hardware also benefits from firmware updates and fixes. Usually the best place to look for these types of updates are on your motherboard or computer manufacturer site. If it’s an integrated device. If it’s a USB device or an expansion card, then rather head over to the specified device’s support page.

Firmware is the hard-coded internal code that operates the network hardware on the most basic level. New firmware updates are used to patch bugs, improve stability and even add new features to old hardware. All of these might improve network performance.

Update Network Appliances

Our networks now have more than just traditional computers on them. You might have IP cameras, NAS network drives, streaming servers and even a smart fridge or two. Some of these devices might cause congestion or other network performance issues.

So it’s worth checking that their individual configurations are correct, and that they all have their latest software updates. This is one of the reasons you should avoid buying off-brand network devices. They typically don’t get the same fixes and updates gadgets from premium brands do.

Ethernet Cable Types

Your computer and your router both support a specific network speed. Yet, when you copy a file over the network, you get nowhere near peak performance. It’s important to keep in mind that rated speeds are theoretical, tested under ideal lab conditions. Still, the problem might very well be your Ethernet cable.

While Ethernet cables may all look pretty much the same, different categories of cable are made differently. This has a big effect on their performance. They have different levels of shielding, different numbers of cable twists and so on.

For example, Category 5 Ethernet is rated for 100Mbps. So using it on 1Gbps hardware won’t give you the performance you should be getting. Then again, you’ll often see much higher speeds on higher quality cabling. Category 5e Ethernet is only rated for 125Mbps, but we’ve successfully tested speeds in excess of 500Mbps with such cables, as long as they’re short enough.

The bottom line is that you should make sure that your Ethernet cable categories are appropriate to the speed ratings of the hardware you’re using.

Network Bandwidth Saturation

It used to be that your router would only have to connect a handful of computers together. Now everything in your house wants a piece of the network. Smartphones, game consoles and even modern appliances like smart microwaves want a connection so they can talk to each other and download information from the internet.

Modern routers can easily connect to and manage dozens of devices, but that doesn’t mean there’s infinite bandwidth for all of those devices. If too many devices are pushing data on the network at once, then you’re going to end up with a slow network.

The solution is either to reduce the number of devices competing for bandwidth, split them between wired and wireless connections, or change their settings. The settings that need to be changed will differ from one device to the next. In general you either want to schedule certain types of network operations for night time or disable transfers you don’t need.

Damaged Equipment

It’s usually not the first thing one thinks of, but if you’ve tried everything and your network transfer speeds still aren’t what they should be, consider that your network equipment might actually be damaged. Network cables are the most common culprit. Frayed, twisted or otherwise worn Ethernet cables might still work but can’t shift as many bits as they normally could.

There might also be issues with the ethernet port on your network interface card. For WiFi, check your external antenna. Especially on desktop systems where the antenna is connected using external wires. 

Swapping out ethernet cables is one way to check for damage, but using alternative network interfaces, such as swapping between Ethernet and WiFi, can pinpoint faulty equipment.

Fast Enough for You?

So, did any of these tips resolve your slow network issues? Let us know if your network performance issues were resolved. If not, leave a comment describing the situation and if you’re lucky a member of our reader community may have found the solution to your specific problem.

Network issues are always a little frustrating, but if you look for the problems systematically it will probably turn out to be an easier fix than you might have expected.

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