Haddaynu aqoonsanno iyo haddii kaleba, mashiin kasta ama qayb tignoolajiyada ahi waxay leedahay hab lagu muujiyo xaaladdeeda. Soo saaraha, si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu rabaa inuu hubiyo in digniinta la bixiyo ka hor inta aan xaaladda mishiinku aad u xun. Haddii xaaladdu ay aad u xun tahay marka ay jirto digniin, markaa tani waxay keeni kartaa khasaare nafeed iyo dhaawac aan laga soo kaban karin. SMART ama Is-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology^{(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology)} waa habka Hard Drive -ku u cabbiro isku halayntiisa si loo eego in uu guuldarraystay iyo in kale.

Aan baarno SMART oo aan ogaano waxay ku saabsan tahay.

1] Waa maxay Is-kormeerka, Falanqaynta^(Analysis) iyo Tignoolajiyada Warbixinta^{(Reporting Technology)}

SMART ama Is-Monitoring^{(Self-Monitoring)} , Falanqaynta^(Analysis) iyo Tignoolajiyada Warbixinta^{(Reporting Technology)} waxaa isticmaala darawalada adag si ay u cabbiraan isku halaynta iyo si ay u arkaan inay guuldarraystaan. Awooda SMART waxay ku dhisantahay wadida adag waxayna tijaabisaa dhinac kasta oo waxqabadkiisa ah si loo hubiyo in uu fulinayo ilaa heerarkii loo baahnaa. SMART waxay hubin doontaa dhinacyada laga bilaabo xawaaraha Read/Write , heerka khaladaadka ilaa heerkulka gudaha. Ogsoonow in aan la sii saadaalin doonin dhammaan guul-darrooyinka adag, markaa waxa fiican inaad si joogto ah u soo kabsato.

SMART waxay cabbirtaa heerka uu hadda ku sugan yahay darawalka adag^{(hard drive)} marka loo eego bartilmaameedka uu dejiyay soo saaraha. Haddii mid ka mid ah bartilmaameedyada la waayo, Hard Drive-ku wuu gali doonaa oo waa la barbar dhigi doonaa oo la dari doonaa, inta jeer ee khaladaadkaas waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu soo warramo inay tahay guuldarro dhow.

Ka fakar sharciga/sharciga baabuur otomaatig ah, marka aad kabaalka u soo guurto “D” waxaad filaysaa in baabuurka hore u socdo, tan waa in la sameeyaa mar kasta. Mar kasta oo xeerkan la jebiyo, tani waxay calaamad u tahay guul-darro soo fool leh. Dareewalku inta badan wuu qaataa qoraal wuxuuna u sheegi doonaa makaanigga. Dib u milicso, dareewalku waxa laga yaabaa inuu xasuusto in aanu gaadhigu wadan ama aanu si fiican u socon marka la barbar dhigo markii uu cusbaa. SMART waxay raadin doontaa inay soo qaadato dhammaan waxyaalihii aan waafaqsanayn jaangooyada soo saaraha waxaana loo arki doonaa guuldarrooyin.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo guuldarro ah oo ay la kulmi karaan hard drive-ka iyo SSD , waa guuldarro la saadaalin karo iyo guuldarrooyin aan la saadaalin karin. Guul-darrooyinka la saadaalin karo waa guul-darrooyinka soo muuqda waqti la isticmaalo. Guul-darrooyinkan waxaa ka mid ah burbur soo gaaray saxanka, wax-akhris/qorista, cilladda matoorrada ee xaaladda darawallada adag. SSD gudaheeda guul- darrooyinkan waxaa sabab u ah xirashada waqti ka dib ama tiro badan oo isku dayo tirtir ah oo guuldareystay. Dhibaatadu waxay ka sii daraysaa wakhti ka dib oo darawalku wuu fashilmay.

Guuldarrooyinka aan la saadaalin karin waa kuwa si lama filaan ah u dhaca. Waxa laga yaabaa inay ku jiraan koronto degdeg ah oo kor u kacda ama waxyeello lama filaan ah oo ku timaada wareegyada. Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in SMART kaliya lagu ogaan karo guul darrooyinka la saadaalin karo, marka waxaa fiican in si joogto ah xogta loo kaydiyo.

2] Noocyada SMART

Hard Drive-yadu waxay samayn karaan noocyo kala duwan oo ah imtixaanada SMART ujeedooyin kala duwan.

• DST gaaban
• DST dheer/ dheer
• Faa'iidada DST
• Xulashada DST

DST gaaban

Mar kasta oo uu kumbiyuutarku bilaabo waxaa la sameeyaa Imtixaanka Gaaban ee Disk Self^{(Disk Self Test)} . Tijaabada Gaaban ee Disk-ga^{(Disk Self Test)} waa shay ka mid ah SMART oo ku shaqeeya bilowga oo sameeya tijaabo gaaban qaybaha waaweyn ee Hard Drive-ka. Soo-saareyaashu waxay dhisaan aaladda ogaanshaha si ay ugu shaqeeyaan bilaw kasta waxayna si dhakhso ah u hubisaa darawalka adag khaladaadka.

Mar kasta oo uu Hard Drive-kaagu sameeyo Imtixaan Is-tijaabinta Gaaban ee Disk-^{(Short Disk Self Test)} ga , waxa uu si deg-deg ah u eegaa qaybaha kala duwan ee uu ka kooban yahay. DST -ga gaaban wuxuu kaliya diiradda saarayaa qaybaha ugu waaweyn, sida madaxa wax-akhriska/qorista, ROM- ka, looxa xakamaynta, saxanadda, iyo matoorka. Is-tijaabada ayaa hubinaysa in qaybahan waaweyni ay si sax ah u shaqaynayaan oo ay soo celin doonaan farriin digniin ah haddii aanay midkoodna ahayn. Jeeggani waxa uu qaadanayaa dhawr miridh oo kaliya, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo aad wali isticmaali karto wadida adag.

DST -ga gaaban waxa si toos ah u maamula utility ku rakiban dariiqa adag ee soo saaruhu. Waxay shaqeysaa wax yar uun ka dib marka la sameeyo Imtixaanka Awoodda ^(Power)Nafta^{(Self Test)} inta lagu jiro habka boot-upka. Haddii DST^(DST) -ga gaaban la dhaafo, kumbiyuutarku wuxuu geli doonaa nidaamka hawlgalka.

DST dheer/ dheer

Tijaabada Is-tijaabada^{(Self Test)} Dheeriga ah ee Disk -ga , qaybaha ugu waaweyn waxaa lagu tijaabin doonaa xogta ku jirta saxanka. Haddii DST-da dheer^{(Long DST)} ay ka ogaato meelaha burburay ama kharriban saxanka, waxay isku dayi doontaa inay dib u dejiso oo ay dib u dhigto qaybaha burburay. Tani waxay hubin doontaa in darawalka adagi uusan mar kale ku dhicin meelahan xun. Inta lagu jiro DST-da dheer^{(Long DST)} , dariiqa adag lama isticmaali karo ilaa baaritaanka la dhammeeyo.

Faa'iidada DST

Kani waa tijaabo loogu talagalay in lagu hubiyo waxyeelada ka dhacday inta lagu guda jiro gaadiidka ka soo saaraha darawalka adag ee soo saaraha kombiyuutarka. Waxa kaliya oo laga heli karaa darawalada ATA waxayna badanaa qaadataa dhowr daqiiqo.

Xulashada DST

Qaar ka mid ah darawallada ayaa u oggolaanaya in la tijaabiyo qayb ka mid ah dusha sare ee wadista.

Akhri^(Read) : La soco astaamaha SMART ee darawalka adag ee PassMark DiskCheckup^{(Monitor hard drive SMART attributes with PassMark DiskCheckup)} .

3] Hubinta^(Checking) heerka darawalka adag ee gudaha Windows 10

Xaaladda SMART^(S.M.A.R.T) waxaa lagu maamuli karaa gacanta windows 10, tani waxay soo celin doontaa macluumaad yar laakiin way ka fiican tahay inaadan ogaanin gabi ahaanba.

Fur deg deg deg deg ah, ku qor ama koobi oo ku dheji kuwa soo socda ka dib taabo Gelida:

wmic diskdrive get model,status

Tani waxay siin doontaa qaabka iyo heerka dhammaan darawallada adag ee la rakibay. Waxaa laga yaabaa in la yaab leh in la ogaado in ay dhici karto in ay jiraan qalab adag oo lagu rakibay oo aadan ka warqabin. Hubintan, waxaad ku arki kartaa in darawal yar oo SSD ah lagu rakibay. Drive- kan SSD waxa loo isticmaalaa in kor loogu qaado RAM -ka kombiyuutarka.

Si aad u hesho macluumaad faahfaahsan oo SMART ah, qaar ka mid ah soosaarayaasha darawalada adag waxay leeyihiin adeegyadooda ^(utilities)SMART oo diyaar ah. Waxa kale oo jira software qolo saddexaad oo diyaar ah oo ku shaqayn karta Windows 10 .

Akhri^(Read) : Sida loo hubiyo Fashilka SMART Heerka^{(How to check SMART Failure Predict Status of Drives)} Darawalnimada

SMART waa tignoolajiyada laga helo gudaha dariiqaaga adag iyo SSD . Waxay ka eegtaa caafimaadka wadistaada oo ka soo horjeeda heerka ay soo saaruhu dejiyeen waxayna soo celin doontaa fariinta khaladka ah haddii heerarka aan la buuxin. SMART waa ka madax banaan yahay ^(S.M.A.R.T)nidaamka^(System) hawlgalka , BIOS , ama software kasta oo kale. Iskaanka SMART waxa kale oo loo yaqaana Imtixaanka Self Test^{(Disk Self Test)} ama DST .

Waxaa jiri kara Gaaban DST . DST dheer^{(Long DST)} , Conveyance DST , iyo xulashada DST . Inkastoo Hard Drive-kaagu sameeyo is-tijaabin si uu u muujiyo haddii uu dhimanayo, waxa fiican inaad mar walba kaydiso xogta maadaama ay Hard Drive-ku u dhiman karaan digniin la'aan.

What is S.M.A.R.T or Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology

Whether we recognize it or not, every machinery or piece of technology has some way of showing its condition. The manufactυrer, however, wants to be sure that the warnings are giνen before the condition of the machinery is too bad. If the condition is too bad when there is a warning, then thіs could cauѕe loss of lifе and irreparable dаmage. S.M.A.R.T or Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology is the way a Hard Drive measures its reliability to see if it is failing.

Let us investigate S.M.A.R.T and find out what it is all about.

1] What is Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology

S.M.A.R.T or Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology is used by hard drives to measure reliability and to see if they are failing. The S.M.A.R.T capability is built into every hard drive and tests every aspect of its performance to make sure it is performing up to the required standards. S.M.A.R.T will check on aspects from Read/Write speed, error rates to the internal temperature. Note that not all hard drive failure will be predicted, so it is best to back up regularly.

S.M.A.R.T measures the current state of the hard drive against the benchmark set by the manufacturer. If any of the benchmarks are missed, the hard drive will log it and it will be compared and added up, the frequency of these errors may be reported as an imminent failure.

Think of the rule/law of an automatic car, when you move the lever to “D” you expect the car to go forward, this is to be done every time. Whenever this rule is broken, this is a sign of imminent failure. The driver usually takes note and will report it to the mechanic. Looking back, the driver might remember that the car wasn’t driving or shifting properly compared to when it was new. S.M.A.R.T will seek to pick up all things that are not according to the manufacturer’s benchmark and will be seen as failures.

There are two types of failures that hard drive and SSD can experience, they are predictable failures and unpredictable failures. Predictable failures are those failures that appear in time with use. These failures include damage to the platter, read/write failure, motor failure in the case of hard drives. In SSD these failures could be due to wear over time or high numbers of erasing attempts that failed. The problem gets worse over time and the drive fails.

Unpredictable failures are those that happen suddenly. They may include a sudden power surge or unexpected damage to circuitry. It is important to know that S.M.A.R.T can only detect predictable failures, so it is best to back up data regularly.

2] Types of S.M.A.R.T

Hard drives can do different types of S.M.A.R.T tests for different purposes.

• Short DST
• Long/Extended DST
• Conveyance DST
• Selective DST

Short DST

Each time the computer starts a Short Disk Self Test is performed. Short Disk Self Test is an aspect of S.M.A.R.T that runs at startup and does a short test of the major components of the hard drive. Manufacturers build the diagnostic tool to run at each startup and it quickly checks the hard drive for errors.

Whenever your hard drive performs a Short Disk Self Test, it quickly checks its various components. The short DST only focuses on the major components, such as the read/write head, ROM, control board, platter, and motor. The self-test makes sure that these major components are functioning properly and will return a warning message if any of them are not.  This check only takes a few minutes, during which you can still use the hard drive.

The short DST is automatically run by a utility installed on the hard drive by the manufacturer. It runs just after the Power On Self Test is run during the boot-up process. If the short DST is passed, the computer will boot into the operating system.

Long/Extended DST

In a Long/Extended Disk Self Test, the major components will be tested along with the data on the platter. If the Long DST discovers damaged or corrupt areas on the disk, it will try to reallocate and remap the damaged portions. This would ensure the hard drive will not run into these bad areas again. During the Long DST, the hard drive cannot be used until the test is finished.

Conveyance DST

This is a test intended to check for damages that may have occurred during transportation from the hard drive’s manufacturer to the computer manufacturer. It is only available on ATA drives and usually takes several minutes.

Selective DST

Some drives will allow for testing just a part of the drive’s surface.

Read: Monitor hard drive SMART attributes with PassMark DiskCheckup.

3] Checking hard drive status in Windows 10

S.M.A.R.T status can be run manually in windows 10, this will return little information but is better than not knowing at all.

Open a command prompt, type or copy and paste the following then press Enter:

wmic diskdrive get model,status

This will give the model and status of all installed hard drives. It might be surprising to find out that there may be hard drives installed that you are not aware of. In this check, you can see that a small SSD drive is installed. This SSD drive is used to boost the RAM of the computer.

For more detailed S.M.A.R.T information, some hard drive manufacturers have their own S.M.A.R.T utilities available. There is also third-party software available that can run on Windows 10.

Read: How to check SMART Failure Predict Status of Drives.

S.M.A.R.T is a technology found inside your hard drive and SSD. It checks the health of your drive against the standard set by the manufacturer and will return an error message if standards are not met. S.M.A.R.T is independent of the Operating System, BIOS, or any other software. A S.M.A.R.T scan is also known as a Disk Self Test or DST.

There can be Short DST. Long DST, Conveyance DST, and selective DST. Even though your hard drive does the self-test to show if it is about to die, it is best to always back up data as hard drives may die without warning.

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