Intarneedku^(Internet) xaqiiqdii maaha meel aamin ah oo macluumaadka la isku dhaafsado . Indho badan ayaa kugu soo wajahan oo isku dayaya inaad hesho qayb ka mid ah macluumaadkaaga sirta ah. Xilligan xogta bilaashka ah; Badideen isticmaalnaa isku xirka Internetka^(Internet) oo aan faraheena ku galeyno macluumaadka aduunka oo dhan. Shabakadda Tor^{(Tor Network)} waxay si fiican ugu shaqeysaa halkan, maadaama ay marinayso nidaamka isticmaalaha taraafikada intarneedka^(Internet) meelo badan oo internetka^(Internet) ah . Markaa, waxay qarisaa isha dhabta ah ee isgaadhsiinta waxayna ilaalisaa aqoonsiga shakhsi ahaaneed ee isticmaalaha. Halkan waxaa ah falanqayn faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan shabakada Tor^(Tor) ama The Onion Router iyo sida loo isticmaalo.

Shabakada Tor

1. Waa maxay Tor?^{(What is Tor?)}

TOR ama Basasha Router^{(Onion Router)} waa software bilaash ah iyo shabakad furan oo u oggolaanaysa isticmaaleyaasha inay horumariyaan sirnimadooda iyo ammaankooda internetka^(Internet) . Marka la soo koobo ereyo fudud, Tor waa software u ogolaanaya isticmaalayaasha inay si qarsoodi ah u baadho mareegaha .^(Web)

1. Yaa Soo saaray?^{(Who Developed It?)}

Mashruuca Tor^{(Tor Project)} waxa uu horumariyay Shabakada Tor^{(Tor Network)} . Kani waa urur aan faa'iido doon ahayn kaas oo sameeya cilmi baaris iyo horumarin ku saabsan sirta khadka iyo mugdiga.

1. Maxaa Loo Nashqadeeyey?^{(Why Was It Designed?)}

TOR waxaa sida caadiga ah loogu talagalay in lagu joojiyo dadka (ay ku jiraan hay'adaha dawladda iyo shirkadaha) si ay ula socdaan aqoonsiga isticmaalaha, goobta ama caadooyinka wax-warshadaynta.

1. Maxaa Loogu Yeedhay Router Basasha?^{(Why Was It Called Onion Router?)}

Asal ahaan Tor waxa la odhan jiray Basasha Router^{(Onion Router)} ; sababtoo ah software-kani waxa uu isticmaalaa farsamo loo yaqaano basasha marin-^{(onion routing)} u- wareejinta si uu u qariyo macluumaadka ku saabsan dhaqdhaqaaqa isticmaalaha.

1. Tor ma loo Isticmaalaa Daalacashada Shabakadda Kaliya?^{(Is Tor Used For Browsing The Web Only?)}

Shabakadda Tor waxa ay ka kooban tahay Tor - gudbinta marinnada waddooyinka. Looma isticmaalo browsing webka laakiin waxa kale oo isticmaali kara codsiyo badan oo raba inay si qarsoodi ah u maraan taraafikada. Codsiyada sida fariimaha degdega ah^{(Instant Messaging)} (IM), Internet Relay Chat ( IRC ) iyo daalacashada webka dhamaantood waxay si hufan u isticmaali karaan Tor si qarsoodi ah u marin gaadiidka internetka^(Internet) oo dhan . Waxaad gali kartaa shabakada mugdiga ah adoo isticmaalaya browserka TOR^{(access the Dark Web using the TOR browser)} .

Sidee Tor u shaqeeyaa

Tor waxa uu marinayaa taraafikada intarneedka iyada oo loo marayo shabakada Tor^{(Tor Network)} . Waxaan horay u soo sheegnay in Tor loo isticmaali karo tiro codsiyo ah, laakiin halkan aan soo qaadano browserka webka tusaale ahaan si aan u sharaxno sida Tor uu u shaqeeyo.

1. Marka adeegsaduhu isku dayo inuu ku xidho serverka isagoo isticmaalaya Tor , browserkoodu waxa uu bilaabaa xidhidhiye sir ah oo leh server Tor . Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay samaysaa wareeg ama waddo loo maro shabakadda Tor . Jidkan qudhiisu waxa uu maraa dhawr server oo Tor ah. ^(Tor)Ogow dariiqani waa ran aan kala sooc lahayn oo isbedelaya 10kii daqiiqoba.

1. Marka dariiqa la sameeyo iyada oo loo marayo shabakadda, xirmooyinka waxaa laga soo rogaa hal server ilaa kan kale. Silsiladda shabakadda, server kasta oo la siiyo waxa uu garanayaa oo keliya server-ka halka uu xogta ka helay iyo server-ka xiga si uu u soo diro xogtaas. Ma jiro mid ka mid ah server-yada silsiladdan ku jira oo si dhab ah u ogaan kara dhammaan dariiqa taraafik ee ay ku dhex marto shabakadda. Sidan Tor waxa uu uga hortagayaa in la sheego halka uu taraafku ka yimid iyo meesha uu u socdo.

1. Tor wuxuu sir ku sameeyaa taraafikada isagoo isticmaalaya nidaam lakabyo ah; tani waa meesha fikradda basasha^(Onion) ay ka timid. Tusaale ahaan, marka taraafigu dhex maraayo qanjidhada shabakada Tor , lakabka sirta ah ayaa laga saaray mid kasta oo ka mid ah noodhka, tani waxay u egtahay lakabyada basasha.

1. Markaad isticmaalayso browserka Tor , taraafikada waxa lagu sir ah inta u dhaxaysa browserka iyo shabakada Tor . Waxa loo soo diraa si qarsoodi ah iyada oo loo sii marayo shabakada oo meesha ugu dambeysa ama "exit node" waxay isticmaashaa isku xirka "Unencrypted" si loola xiriiro server-ka meesha ka baxsan shabakada Tor . Ogsoonow in hop-kan kama dambaysta ahi aanu ahayn mid qarsoodi ah.

Yaa isticmaali kara shabakada Tor iyo ujeedada

Dad badan ayaa aaminsan in aqoonsigooda si habboon loo ilaaliyo xaaladaha isticmaalka caadiga ah. Laakiin taasi waa fikrad gebi ahaanba khaldan sida haddii aadan isticmaalin VPN software ama Tor , waxaa jirta fursad sare oo aqoonsigaaga lagu raadin karo. Tor wuxuu ka caawin karaa isticmaalayaasha inay hubiyaan in dhammaan dhaqdhaqaaqooda khadka iyo macluumaadka shakhsi ahaaneed ay yihiin kuwo sir ah.

Caadi ahaan Tor Network waxaa loo adeegsadaa:

• Hawlaha intarneedka ka ilaali mareegaha iyo xayaysiiyayaasha
• Ka jawaab walaacyada basaaska internetka
• Ka fogow faafreebka dawladda ee cadowga ah
• Ka fogow ilaalinta
• Hubi sirta ugu badan ee intarneedka^(Internet)

Ciidanka badda ee Maraykanku^{(US Navy)} waa adeege fure u ah shabakada Tor^{(Tor Network)} . Dhagaystayaasha ugu horeeya ee Tor waxa ka mid ah saxafiyiinta, dadka sharciga u dhaqdhaqaaqa, foorida, iyo dadka ku nool wadan faafreeb lagu hayo. Isticmaalayaasha kale ee muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah bloggers, maamulayaasha ganacsiga, xirfadlayaasha IT iyo saraakiisha fulinta sharciga. Sidoo kale, booliisku waa isticmaalaha Tor , waxay isticmaalaan shabakadan marka ay u baahan yihiin inay daboolaan ciwaanadooda IP-ga iyagoo baaraya mareegaha iyo adeegyada shakiga leh.

Inkasta oo ay jiraan ujeedooyinka wanaagsan ee Mashruuca Tor, Tor waxa uu nasiib darro ku yeeshay sumcad xumo saxaafadda caadiga ah. Koritaanka iyo barwaaqada Tor iyo faa'iidada weyn ee daboolka ay bixiso, Shabakadda Tor waxa ay dhab ahaantii hoy u noqotay shakhsiyaadka xun xun.^{(Despite the good intentions of the Tor Project, Tor has unfortunately developed a bad reputation in the mainstream press. With the growth and prosperity of Tor and the massive advantage of the cover it provides, the Tor Network has actually become a shelter for nasty individuals.)}

Sida loo helo Tor

Tor waa u xor inuu isticmaalo software; Waxaad si fudud u soo dejisan kartaa oo ku rakibi kartaa browserka Tor^{(Tor browser)(Tor browser)} . Waa nooc cusub oo Firefox ah kaas oo diyaar u ah Windows , Mac OS X , iyo Linux . Baadhista mobilada , Orbot waa abka Android diyaar u ah in laga soo dejiyo Google Play .

Isticmaalka Privoxy iyo Tor si loo kordhiyo qarsoodiga

Shabakadda Tor waxa ay leedahay qaar ka mid ah faa'iido darrooyinka waaweyn:^{(Tor Network has some major disadvantages:)}

1. Fadhi dheer oo ku filan
2. Waxqabadka gaabis ah
3. Codsiyada oo dhami waxay soo maraan hal nood.

Si loo soo gabagabeeyo ereyo fudud, Shabakadda Tor^{(Tor Network)} waxay noqon kartaa mid xanuun badan oo gaabis ah. Tani waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu weyn ee aan u soo jeedineyno isticmaalka Privoxy ee Tor .

Waa maxay Privoxy

Privoxy waa wakiil shabakadeed oo aan kaydsaneyn oo leh awood shaandhayn sare leh. Waxaa loo istcimaalaa wanaajinta sirnimada, wax ka beddelka xogta bogga shabakadda iyo madax HTTP , xakamaynta gelitaanka, iyo ka saarida xayaysiisyada iyo qashinka kale ee internetka ee^(Internet) xunxun. Privoxy iyo Tor si wada jir ah waxay sameeyaan koox weyn. Waxay ku darayaan laba lakab oo dheeri ah oo ilaalin ah VPN -kaaga qarsoodiga ah .

Tor is a perfect tool to protect your digital privacy, even while browsing the Internet without revealing who you actually are!

Hadda ka akhriso OONI ama Observatory of Network Interference Project t ee ka socda TOR.

What is Tor Network and what is it used for?

The Internet is definitely not а secure place for exchanging information. Thеre are many prying eyes on you trying to get a piece of your secret infоrmation. In this era of free-flowing data; moѕt of us use the Internet connеction and have access tо information frоm all across the world at oυr fingertipѕ. And the Tor Network works perfectly here, as it routes the user’s system’s Internet traffic over several places on the Internet. Thus, it hides the real source of the communication and secures user’s personal identity. Here is a detailed analysis of Tor or The Onion Router network and how it is used.

Tor Network

1. What is Tor?

TOR or the Onion Router is a free software and open network which allows users to improve their privacy and security over the Internet. Putting in simple words, Tor is software that allows the users to browse the Web anonymously.

1. Who Developed It?

The Tor Project has developed Tor Network. This is a non-profit organization which conducts research and development on the online privacy and obscurity.

1. Why Was It Designed?

TOR is typically designed to stop people (including the government agencies and corporations) to track a user’s identity, location or browsing habits.

1. Why Was It Called Onion Router?

Originally Tor was called The Onion Router; this is because this software uses a technique known as onion routing to conceal information about user activity.

1. Is Tor Used For Browsing The Web Only?

The Tor network entails of Tor relays which route traffic. It is just not used for web browsing but can also be used by many applications which want to anonymously route traffic. Applications like Instant Messaging (IM), Internet Relay Chat (IRC) and web browsers all can use Tor effectively to anonymously route traffic across the Internet. You can access the Dark Web using the TOR browser.

How does Tor work

Tor routes the internet traffic through the Tor Network. We already mentioned earlier that Tor could be used by a number of applications, but here let’s take the web browser as an example to explain how Tor works.

1. When a user tries to connect to a server using Tor, their browser launches an encrypted link with a Tor server. Further, it establishes a circuit or a path through the Tor network. This very path routes the traffic through several Tor servers. Note this path is random and changes every 10 minutes.

1. Once the path is established through the network, the packets are routed from one server to the other. On the network chain, any given server knows only the server from where it has received the data and the next server to send that very data. None of the servers in this chain would actually know the entire path of the traffic that it takes through the network. This way Tor prevents in disclosing where the traffic came from and where it is going to.

1. Tor encrypts the traffic using a layering scheme; this is where the Onion concept comes from. For instance, as the traffic passes through the nodes in the Tor network, a layer of encryption is stripped off at each of the nodes, this looks like layers of an onion.

1. While using the Tor browser, the traffic is encrypted between the browser and the Tor network. It is sent anonymously through the network and the last node or the “exit node” uses an “Unencrypted” link to communicate with the destination server outside the Tor network. Note that this final hop is not encrypted.

Who can use Tor network and for what purpose

Many people believe that their identity is properly protected under normal usage conditions. But that is a totally wrong concept as if you are not using a VPN software or Tor, there is a high chance for your identity to be traced. Tor can help users make sure that their entire online activity and personal information stays secret.

Typically Tor Network is being used to:

• Keep internet activities private from websites and advertisers
• Answer cyber-spying concerns
• Evade hostile government censorship
• Avoid surveillance
• Ensure maximum privacy over the Internet

The US Navy is a key user of the Tor Network. The primary audience for Tor include the journalists, legal activists, whistle-blowers, and people living in a country with censorship. Other key users include bloggers, business executives, IT professionals and law enforcement officers.  Also, the police is a user of Tor, they use this network when they need to mask their IP addresses while investigating doubtful websites and services.

Despite the good intentions of the Tor Project, Tor has unfortunately developed a bad reputation in the mainstream press. With the growth and prosperity of Tor and the massive advantage of the cover it provides, the Tor Network has actually become a shelter for nasty individuals.

How to get Tor

Tor is free to use software; you can simply download and install the Tor browser. It is a modified version of Firefox which is available for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. For mobile browsing, Orbot is an Android app available to download from Google Play.

Using Privoxy And Tor For Increased Anonymity

Tor Network has some major disadvantages:

1. Long enough session
2. Slow performance
3. All the requests come through one node.

To conclude in simple words, the Tor Network can be painfully slow. This is one major reason why we suggest using Privoxy with Tor.

What is Privoxy

Privoxy is a non-caching web proxy with advanced filtering capabilities. It is used for enhancing privacy, modifying web page data and HTTP headers, control access, and remove ads and other obnoxious Internet junk. Privoxy and Tor together make a great team. They add two additional layers of protection on your anonymous VPN.

Tor is a perfect tool to protect your digital privacy, even while browsing the Internet without revealing who you actually are!

Now read about the OONI or Open Observatory of Network Interference Project from TOR.

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