NAT waxay u taagan tahay Turjumaan Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translator)} . Sida ka muuqata magaceeda, waa tarjumaha ciwaannada shabakadda. Boostada ayaa kuu sheegaysa baahida NAT , waxa ay qabato, iyo sababta.

Waa maxay NAT ama Turjumaan Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translator)}

Turjubaanka Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translator)} , ama si fudud loogu yeedho NAT , waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah aaladda u dhaxaysa LAN- kaaga iyo internetka^(Internet) . Waxa uu ku yaalaa router-ka aad isticmaalayso si aad ugu xidho shabakada maxaliga ah ee interneedka^(Internet) ama qalab kasta oo la mid ah, sida modem. Isticmaalka router ee NAT ayaa si gaar ah u fiican sababtoo ah waxaad sidoo kale dejin kartaa dabkaaga adoo isticmaalaya router^{(set up your firewall using the router)} .

Shaqada aasaasiga ah ee NAT waa in la maareeyo ciwaannada IP-ga si dadka shisheeyaha ahi aanay u jabsan karin shabakadaada. Shabakadda guriga ama xafiisku waxa ay ka kooban tahay qalabyo badan sida kombayutarada, tablets, printers, scanners, iyo telefoonada si aan magacyo u koobno. Mid kasta waxaa loo qoondeeyay cinwaan IP gaar ah. Hadda, ciwaanka IP-ga waa ciwaanka ka caawiya router-yada inay xogta u diraan mashiinno gaar ah. Wax kasta oo ku xidhan intarneedka^(Internet) waxa uu leeyahay ciwaanka IP-ga haddii kale lama isticmaali karo.

IP, ama Internet Protocol, waa laba nooc :

1. IPv4
2. IPv6

Ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan kombiyuutarada iyo aaladaha kale ee ku xiran intarneedka^(Internet) waxay leeyihiin ciwaanka IPV4 . 'V' ee ku jira ' IPv4 ' waxay u taagan tahay 'nooca'. Markii internetku^(Internet) uu dhisnaa ee ciwaanka IP-ga ayaa la samayn jiray oo kombuyuutarrada iyo aaladaha kale lagu qori jiray, waxa la moodayay in ciwaanno badan ay ku jiraan wax kasta oo ku xidhan internetka^(Internet) . Tirada guud ee ciwaannada IPV4 waxay noqon karaan ugu badnaan 2ˆ32. Habka Internetka^(Internet) hadda loo isticmaalo, 2ˆ32 ma awoodi doono in uu u sameeyo ciwaannada IPV4 dhammaan qalabka ay dadku rabaan in ay ku xidhmaan internetka^(Internet) .

Taasi waa sababta ay injineeradu ula yimaadeen IPV6 , kaas oo hayn kara ilaa 2ˆ128 ciwaannada IP. Taasi waa tiro aad u badan waxayna cilmi-baarayaashu rumeysan yihiin in qaabka cusub uu ku filnaan doono inuu daboolo dhammaan walxaha ku xiran internetka^(Internet) . Tani, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay qaadan doontaa waqti dheer maadaama aaladaha hore ay tahay inay hawlgab noqdaan, kuwa cusubna waa in la geeyo kuwa qaban kara cinwaannada IPv6 . Dhanka kale, NAT waxay halkan u joogtaa inay nagu taageerto cinwaannada IPv4 .

Maxay NAT qabataa?

NAT , ama Turjumaanka Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translator)} , waxa la dulsaaraa aaladda dhex fadhiisata kombuyuutarkaaga iyo shabakadda aaladaha IoT iyo ^(IoT)internetka^(Internet) . Qalabkaas inta badan waa router maadaama inteena badan aan isticmaalno router si aan u abuurno firewall. Waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa modem, teleefan ku xidhan, ama kombuyuutar u shaqaynaya sidii server. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay halkaas u joogtaa si aad u siiso ciwaanka guud ee IP ( IPv4 ) kumbiyuutarkaaga oo dhan iyo shabakada IoT ( Internet of Things ).

Taasi waa in la yiraahdo halkii aad ku qori lahayd cinwaannada IPv4 qalab kasta oo shabakadaada ah, NAT waxay bixisaa hal ciwaan IP ah. Dhammaan aaladaha kale ee ku jira kombiyuutarkaaga/IoT waxa la siinayaa hal ciwaan gaar ah (gudaha ) IPV4 Waxay noqon kartaa wax kasta oo u dhexeeya 192.168.0.0 iyo 192.168.255.255. Xirmooyinka xogta ee ka imaanaya internetka , waxay ka kooban yihiin cinwaanka ^(Internet)IPv4 ee dibadda ee madaxdooda. Iyadoo lagu salaynayo nooca xogta, NAT ( Network Address Translator ) ayaa u sii gudbisa aaladaha gaarka ah ama kuwa gudaha si xogta loogu habeeyo hadba sida loogu baahdo.

Marka la soo koobo, NAT waxay gacan ka geysataa xakameynta ciwaannada IPv4 inay dhammaanayaan, iyadoo maaraynaysa ciwaannada maxalliga ah ama kuwa gaarka ah (ama gudaha) IPv4 ee dhammaan hay'adaha ku jira kumbuyuutarka iyo/ama shabakadda IoT . Haddaba, haddii shabakadaada ay ku jiraan lix kombiyuutar iyo laba daabacayaal, mid kastaa wuxuu leeyahay ciwaanka IP-ga gaarka ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa wadar ahaan siddeed cinwaan IP (gaar ah). NAT waxay si gaar ah ula dhaqantaa shabakada dhexdeeda laakiin internetka^(Internet) , waa hal (hal qalab) cinwaanka IP.

Markaad u baahato, haddii aad leedahay ciwaanka IPv6 , uma baahnid NAT . Haddii aad wali ku jirto IPV4 , waxaad u baahan tahay Turjumaanka Ciwaanka Shabakadda^{(Network Address Translator)} ilaa inta shabakadaadu gabi ahaanba u guurto qaabka IPV6 .

Kor ku xusan waxay sharxaysaa waxa ay tahay NAT iyo isticmaalkeeda. Su'aalo dheeraad ah ma qabtaa? Ku weydii^(Ask) sanduuqa faallooyinka ee hoose.

What is Network Address Translator (NAT)? What does it do? Do I need it?

NAT stands for Network Address Translator. As evident from its name, it is a translator of network addresses. This post tells you about the need for NAT, what it does, and why.

What is NAT or Network Address Translator

Network Address Translator, or simply called NAT, is an important part of the device between your LAN and the Internet. It could be located in the router you are using to connect the local network to the Internet or any similar device, like a modem. Using a router for NAT is especially better because you can also set up your firewall using the router.

The primary function of NAT is to manage IP addresses so that outsiders cannot hack into your network. A home or office network contains many devices such as computers, tablets, printers, scanners, and phones to name a few. Each one is assigned a private IP address. Now, the IP address is the address that helps routers in sending data to specific machines. Anything connected to the Internet has an IP address else it can’t be used.

IP, or Internet Protocol, is of two types:

1. IPv4
2. IPv6

Almost all the computers and other devices connected to the Internet have an IPv4 address. The ‘v’ in ‘IPv4’ stands for ‘version’. When the Internet was in its formative years and IP addresses were being created and assigned to computers and other devices it was thought that there is an ample number of addresses for everything connected to the Internet. The number of total IPv4 addresses could be a maximum 2ˆ32. The way the Internet is used now, 2ˆ32 will not be able to create IPv4 addresses for all the devices people want to connect to the Internet.

That is the reason why engineers had to come up with IPv6, which can hold up to 2ˆ128 IP addresses. That is a huge number and researchers believe that the new format will be enough to cover all the objects connected to the Internet. This, however, will take a long time as older devices have to retire, and the new ones have to be deployed that can handle IPv6 addresses. In the meantime, NAT is here to support us with IPv4 addresses.

What does NAT do?

NAT, or the Network Address Translator, is placed on the device that sits between your computers/IoT devices network and the Internet. That device is usually router as most of us use the router to create a firewall. It can also be a modem, a tethered phone, or a computer acting as a server. Whatever it may be, it is present there to give a public IP address (IPv4) to your entire computer and IoT (Internet of Things) network.

That is to say that instead of assigning IPv4 addresses to each device on your network, NAT gives out one single IP address. All other devices in your computer/IoT are given one private (internal) IPv4 address. It can be anything between 192.168.0.0 and 192.168.255.255. The data packets coming from the Internet, contain the external IPv4 address in their header. Based on the type of data, the NAT (Network Address Translator) forwards it to the private or internal devices so that the data can be processed as required.

In short, NAT helps control the IPv4 addresses from running out, by managing local or private (or internal) IPv4 addresses of all the entities on a computer and/or IoT network. So, if there are six computers and two printers on your network, each has a private IP address, making it a total of eight IP addresses (private). NAT treats them individually within the network but for the Internet, it is just one (single device) IP address.

Coming to need, if you have an IPv6 address, you do not need NAT. If you are still on IPv4, you need the Network Address Translator until your network completely moves to IPv6 format.

The above explains what is NAT and its use. Have more questions? Ask in the comments box below.

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