Markii Windows Vista la bilaabay, Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ) waxay ahayd sifada ugu dhaleecaynta badan iyo fahamka khaldan. Inkasta oo ay muhiim u tahay amniga, dad badan ayaa doortay in ay joojiyaan oo ay soo bandhigaan nidaamkooda dhibaatooyinka amniga. Habkan ayaa lagu wanaajiyay noocyada soo socda ee Windows , inkasta oo ay wax badan ku kordhinayso badbaadada nidaamka hawlgalka, isticmaaleyaasha qaar ayaa wali doorta inay gabyaan. Taasi waa sababta, maqaalkan, waxaan ku cadeyneynaa waxa qaabkani yahay, sida uu u shaqeeyo iyo faa'iidooyinka ku ilaalintiisa firfircoon, nooc kasta oo Windows ah :

Waa maxay Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ) ee Windows ?

Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ama UAC oo kooban waa astaanta amniga ee Windows kaas oo ka caawiya ka hortagga isbeddellada aan la oggolayn ee nidaamka hawlgalka. Isbeddeladan waxaa bilaabi kara codsiyada, isticmaalayaasha, fayrasyada ama noocyada kale ee malware. Xakamaynta Koontada isticmaaluhu^{(User Account Control)} waxay hubisaa in isbedelada qaarkood la sameeyay ogolaanshaha maamulaha. Haddii isbeddellada uusan oggolaan maamulaha, lama fuliyo, Windows -na waxba kama beddelin. Waxaad mooddaa inaan waxba dhicin. UAC waxaa markii ugu horreysay loo diyaariyey Windows Vista , wixii markaas ka dambeeyay waxaa lagu hagaajiyay nooc kasta oo cusub oo Windows ah .

Sidee buu u egyahay kontoroolka akoontada isticmaale^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ) maxayse la wadaagtaa oo ay codsato?

Markaad laba-gujiso faylka, goobta ama app-ka ku dhow inuu isbeddello muhiim ah ku sameeyo Windows , waxaa lagu tusayaa Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ). Haddii akoonkaaga isticmaaluhu uu yahay maamule, isla markiiba waxay u egtahay sawirka hoose. Halkaa waxaad ku arki kartaa UAC isla markiiba Windows 10 (sare), gudaha Windows 7 (dhexe) iyo Windows 8.1 (hoose).

Isla markiiba UAC waxay soo bandhigaysaa magaca barnaamijka ku dhow inuu sameeyo isbeddel nidaam kaas oo u baahan ogolaanshaha maamulaha, daabacaha barnaamijkaas iyo asalka faylka (haddii aad isku dayeyso inaad socodsiiso fayl). Waxa kaliya ee ay uga baahan tahay maamulaha waa dhagsi ama taabo Haa^(Yes) , si barnaamijka ama feylku u sameeyo isbedelada uu rabo.

Haddii akoonkaaga isticmaaluhu aanu^(NOT) ahayn maamule, soo jeedintu way ka duwan tahay. Tusaale ahaan, gudaha Windows 10 , UAC waxay si degdeg ah u codsanaysaa PIN -ka maamulaha (haddii uu mid dhigay) ama erayga sirta ah.

Gudaha Windows 7 iyo Windows 8.1 , UAC mar walba waxay codsadaan erayga sirta ah ee maamulaha, sida hoos ku cad.

Marka tani dhacdo, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad geliso PIN^(PIN) ama erayga sirta ah ee maamulaha oo taabo Haa^(Yes) . Haddii aan labada falba la samayn, isbeddellada la codsado lama sameeyo.

Dakhliga UAC waxa kale oo uu leeyahay xidhiidh odhanaya "Show faahfaahin dheeraad ah"^{("Show more details")} (gudaha Windows 10) ama "muuji faahfaahinta"^{("Show details")} ( gudaha Windows 7 iyo Windows 8.1 ). Haddii aad gujiso, waxaad arki doontaa macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ay ku jiraan goobta saxda ah ee diskka barnaamijka ama faylka iyo shahaadada daabacaha, taas oo ku tusinaysa macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan cidda abuurtay waxaad rabto inaad socodsiiso.

Sideen ku ogaan karaa in fayl ama habayn ay kicinayaan degdega UAC ?

Faylasha kicinaya degdegga UAC marka la ordo waxay leeyihiin calaamadda ^(UAC)UAC ee ku taal geeska hoose ee midig ee summada faylka, oo la mid ah sawirka hoose.

Apps iyo habaynta nidaamka ee kiciya degdegta UAC waxay sidoo kale ku leeyihiin calaamada ^(UAC)UAC ee u dhow magacooda ama sumadooda. Waxaad arki kartaa qaar ka mid ah tusaalooyin hoos lagu iftiimiyay, kuwaas oo la kulma guddiga xakamaynta^{(Control Panel)} .

Xusuusnow summada UAC^(UAC) mar kasta oo aad aragto, waxaad hore u ogaanaysaa inaad u baahan tahay oggolaanshaha maamulaha.

Sidee buu u shaqeeyaa Kontoroolka Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC )?

Gudaha Daaqadaha^(Windows) , codsiyada si caadi ah ayey u shaqeeyaan iyaga oo aan wax ogolaansho maamul ah haysan. Waxay haystaan ​​ogolaansho isku mid ah koontada isticmaale ee caadiga ah waxay leedahay: wax isbeddel ah kuma samayn karaan nidaamka hawlgalka, faylalka nidaamka ama goobaha diiwaangelinta. Sidoo kale, ma beddeli karaan wax ay leeyihiin akoonnada isticmaale kale. Codsiyada waxay bedeli karaan oo keliya faylalkooda iyo goobaha diiwaangelinta ama faylasha isticmaalaha iyo goobaha diiwaangelinta.

Si loo fududeeyo fahamka, algorithmamka UAC ayaa lagu sharaxay jaantuska hoose.

Waa kuwee isbedelada kicinaya UAC gudaha Windows ?

Waxaa jira isbedello badan oo u baahan mudnaanta maamul. Iyada oo ku xidhan sida UAC loogu habeeyey kumbuyuutarkaaga Windows , waxay keeni karaan UAC degdeg ah inay soo baxdo oo ay fasax weydiisato. Waa kuwan soo socda:

• U socodsiinta abka maamule ahaan
• Isbeddellada habaynta nidaamka-ballaaran ama faylalka ku jira galka Faylasha Windows ama Program
• Rakibaadda iyo dajinta darawalada & codsiyada
• Daawashada ama bedelida galka iyo faylasha isticmaale kale
• Ku darista ama ka saarista akoonnada isticmaalaha
• Dejinta Cusboonaysiinta Windows
• Beddelka habaynta ee Windows Firewall
• Beddelida dejinta UAC
• Beddelka nooca koontada isticmaalaha
• Jadwalka Hawsha socodsiinta
• Soo celinta faylalka nidaamka ee la xoojiyay
• Beddelka nidaamka taariikhda iyo wakhtiga
• Dejinta Koontaroolada Waalidka^{(Parental Controls)} ama Badbaadada Qoyska^{(Family Safety)}
• Ku rakibida kontaroolada ActiveX ( Internet Explorer )

Maxay ku kala duwan yihiin heerarka UAC ee ^(UAC)Windows ?

Si ka duwan Windows Vista , halkaas oo aad lahayd laba ikhtiyaar oo keliya: UAC shid^(UAC) ama dami^(Off) , noocyada cusub ee Windows waxaa jira afar heer oo laga dooran karo. Farqiga u dhaxeeya waa kuwan:

• Had iyo jeer ogeysii^{(Always notify)} - heerkan waxa lagugu soo wargelinayaa ka hor inta aanay arjiyada iyo isticmaalayaashu samaynin isbedel u baahan ogolaansho maamul. Marka ay soo baxdo degdega UAC , desktop-ka waa la yareeyaa. Waa inaad doorataa Haa^(Yes) ama Maya^(No) ka hor inta aanad wax kale ku samayn kombayutarka. Saamaynta amniga^{(Security impact)} : tani waa goobta ugu ammaansan uguna xanaaqsan. Haddii aadan ka helin hirgelinta UAC ee ^(UAC)Windows Vista , ma jecli heerkan.
• Notify me only when programs/apps try to make changes to my computer - tani waa heerka caadiga ah, UACna waxay^(UAC) ku ogeysiinaysaa kaliya ka hor intaanay barnaamijyadu samayn isbeddelada u baahan ogolaanshaha maamulka. Haddii aad gacanta ku samayso isbeddellada Windows , markaa UAC degdegga ah lama tuso. Heerkani aad buu u dhib yar yahay maadaama uusan ka joojinayn isticmaaluhu inuu isbeddel ku sameeyo nidaamka, waxay kaliya tusinaysaa dardargelinta haddii app ama fayl uu rabo inuu isbeddel sameeyo. Marka la soo bandhigo degdegga UAC , desktop-ka waa yaraaday, oo waa inaad doorataa Haa^(Yes) ama Maya^(No) ka hor intaadan wax kale ku samayn kombuyuutarkaaga. Saamaynta amniga:^{(Security impact:)}Tani way ka ammaan yar tahay goobta ugu horreysa sababtoo ah barnaamijyada xaasidnimada ah ayaa la abuuri karaa si ay u ekeeyaan furayaasha furaha ama dhaqdhaqaaqa jiirka ee uu sameeyo isticmaaluhu oo beddelo goobaha Windows . Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii aad isticmaalayso xal ammaan oo wanaagsan, xaaladahan oo kale waa inaysan dhicin.
• Notify me only when programs/apps try to make changes to my computer (do not dim my desktop) - heerkani wuxuu la mid yahay kii hore marka laga reebo xaqiiqda ah in, marka UAC degdegga ah la muujiyo, Desktop-ka aan la yareynin iyo barnaamijyada kale ee miiska. faragelin kara. Saamaynta amniga:^{(Security impact:)} heerkani xitaa wuu ka yaryahay ammaanku maadaama uu u sahlayo xitaa barnaamijyada xaasidnimada ah inay isku ekaadaan furayaasha furaha ama dhaqaaqa jiirka ee farageliya isla markiiba UAC .
• Waligaa ha ogeysiin^{(Never notify)} - heerkan, UAC waa dansan yahay, mana bixiso wax ka ilaalin ah isbedelada nidaamka aan la ogolayn. Saamaynta amniga^{(Security impact)} : haddii aadan haysan suuit ammaan oo wanaagsan waxaad aad ugu dhowdahay inaad la kulanto arrimo amniga aaladdaada Windows . Marka UAC la damiyo aad bay ugu fududahay barnaamijyada xaasidnimada leh inay waxyeeleeyaan Windows oo ay gacanta ku dhigaan.

Haddii aad rabto inaad barato sida loogu beddelo heerarka UAC , akhri oo raac casharkan: Sida loo beddelo heerka Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha (UAC) ee Windows^{(How to change the User Account Control (UAC) level in Windows)} .

Miyaan dami karaa UAC markaan rakibo abka desktop-ka oo aan daaro ka dib?

Cadhada ugu weyn ee isticmaalayaashu waa marka ay rakibaan Windows iyo barnaamijyada desktop-ka ee aadka loo isticmaalo. Inta lagu jiro nidaamkan, wax badan oo UAC ah ayaa la soo bandhigayaa, waxaana laga yaabaa inaad damacdo inaad si ku meel gaar ah u damiso, markaad rakibto dhammaan codsiyada oo aad awood u siiso mar labaad marka la sameeyo. Xaaladaha qaarkood, tani waxay noqon kartaa fikrad xun. Barnaamijyada Desktop^(Desktop) -ka ee sameeya isbeddello badan oo nidaamka waxay ku guuldareystaan ​​inay shaqeeyaan marka UAC la shido, ka dib markii la rakibo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay si sax ah u shaqeyn doonaan haddii aad ku rakibto marka UAC la shido. Marka UAC la damiyo, farsamooyinka farriimaha ee ay isticmaasho UACdhammaan codsiyadu waa kuwa aan shaqayn. Tani waxay keenaysaa in qaar ka mid ah goobaha isticmaalaha iyo faylasha lagu rakibo meel kale. Ma shaqayn doonaan marka UAC dib loo shido. Si looga fogaado dhibaatooyinkan oo kale, waxa fiican in la shido Koontaroolka Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ) mar kasta.

Ma ka tagtaa UAC shid?

Hadda waxaad taqaanaa wax kasta oo muhiim u ah Xakamaynta Koontada Isticmaalaha^{(User Account Control)} ( UAC ) ee Windows iyo doorka ay ku leedahay sugidda nidaamkaaga. Kahor intaadan xidhin maqaalkan, nala wadaag inaad dooratay inaad shidayso iyo inkale. Foomka faallooyinka waa la heli karaa xagga hoose.

What is UAC (User Account Control) and why you should never turn it off

When Windows Vista was launched, User Account Control (UAC) was the mоst criticized and misunderstood feature. Even though it is еssential for seсurity, mаny people have chosen to disable it and expose their syѕtеms to security problems. Τhis feature has been improved in thе next versions of Windows and, even though it adds a lоt to the safety of the oрerating system, some users stіll choose to dіsable it. That's why, in this article, we clarify what this feature is, how it works and the benefits of keeping it active, іn any version of Windows:

What is User Account Control (UAC) in Windows?

User Account Control or UAC for short is a security feature of Windows which helps prevent unauthorized changes to the operating system. These changes can be initiated by applications, users, viruses or other forms of malware. User Account Control makes sure certain changes are made only with approval from the administrator. If the changes are not approved by the administrator, they are not executed, and Windows remains unchanged. It is as if nothing happened. UAC was first made available for Windows Vista, and since then it was improved with each new version of Windows.

How does a User Account Control (UAC) prompt look and what does it share and request?

When you double-click on a file, a setting or an app that is about to make important changes to Windows, you are shown a User Account Control (UAC) prompt. If your user account is an administrator, the prompt looks like in the screenshot below. There you can see the UAC prompt in Windows 10 (top), in Windows 7 (middle) and Windows 8.1 (bottom).

The UAC prompt displays the name of the program that is about to make a system change that requires the approval of an administrator, the publisher of that program and the file origin (if you are trying to run a file). All it needs from the administrator is a click or tap on Yes, to let the program or the file do the changes that it wants.

If your user account is NOT an administrator, the prompt looks different. For example, in Windows 10, the UAC prompt requests for the administrator's PIN (if it has set one) or password.

In Windows 7 and Windows 8.1, the UAC prompt always requests the administrator's password, as shown below.

When this happens, you need to enter the administrator's PIN or password and press Yes. Unless both actions are performed, the changes that are requested are not made.

The UAC prompt also has a link that says "Show more details" (in Windows 10) or "Show details" (in Windows 7 and Windows 8.1). If you click on it, you see more information including the exact location on the disk of the program or file and the publisher's certificate, which shows you more information about who created what you want to run.

How do I know that a file or setting will trigger a UAC prompt?

Files that trigger a UAC prompt when run have the UAC symbol on the bottom-right corner of their file icon, similar to the screenshot below.

Apps and system settings that trigger a UAC prompt also have the UAC symbol near their name or in their icon. You can see some examples highlighted below, that are encountered in the Control Panel.

Remember the UAC icon and each time you see it, you know beforehand that you are about to need the administrator's approval.

How does User Account Control (UAC) work?

In Windows, applications run by default without any administrative permissions. They have the same permissions a standard user account has: they cannot make any changes to the operating system, its system files or registry settings. Also, they cannot change anything that's owned by other user accounts. Applications can change only their files and registry settings or the user's files and registry settings.

For an easier understanding, the UAC algorithm is explained in the diagram below.

Which changes trigger a UAC prompt in Windows?

There are many changes which require administrative privileges. Depending on how UAC is configured on your Windows computer, they can cause a UAC prompt to show up and ask for permission. These are the following:

• Running an app as administrator
• Changes to system-wide settings or files in the Windows or Program Files folders
• Installing and uninstalling drivers & applications
• Viewing or changing another user's folders and files
• Adding or removing user accounts
• Configuring Windows Update
• Changing settings to the Windows Firewall
• Changing UAC settings
• Changing a user's account type
• Running Task Scheduler
• Restoring backed up system files
• Changing the system date and time
• Configuring Parental Controls or Family Safety
• Installing ActiveX controls (in Internet Explorer)

What is different between UAC levels in Windows?

Unlike Windows Vista, where you had only two options: UAC turned On or Off, in newer versions of Windows there are four levels to choose from. The differences between them are the following:

• Always notify - at this level you are notified before applications and users make changes that require administrative permissions. When a UAC prompt shows up, the desktop is dimmed. You must choose Yes or No before you can do anything else on the computer. Security impact: this is the most secure setting and the most annoying. If you did not like the UAC implementation from Windows Vista, you wouldn't like this level.
• Notify me only when programs/apps try to make changes to my computer - this is the default level, and UAC notifies you only before programs make changes that require administrative permissions. If you manually make changes to Windows, then a UAC prompt is not shown. This level is less annoying as it doesn't stop the user from making changes to the system, it only shows prompts if an app or file wants to make changes. When a UAC prompt is shown, the desktop is dimmed, and you must choose Yes or No before you can do anything else on your computer. Security impact: this is less secure than the first setting because malicious programs can be created to simulate the keystrokes or mouse movements made by a user and change Windows settings. However, if you are using a good security solution, such situations should not occur.
• Notify me only when programs/apps try to make changes to my computer (do not dim my desktop) - this level is identical to the previous except the fact that, when a UAC prompt is shown, the desktop is not dimmed and other desktop apps can interfere with it. Security impact: this level is even less secure as it makes it even easier for malicious programs to simulate keystrokes or mouse moves that interfere with the UAC prompt.
• Never notify - at this level, UAC is turned off, and it doesn't offer any protection against unauthorized system changes. Security impact: if you don't have a good security suite you are very likely to encounter security issues with your Windows device. With UAC turned off it is much easier for malicious programs to infect Windows and take control.

If you want to learn how to switch between UAC levels, read and follow this tutorial: How to change the User Account Control (UAC) level in Windows.

Should I disable UAC when I install desktop apps and turn it on afterward?

The biggest annoyance for users is when they install Windows and their most used desktop apps. During this procedure, lots of UAC prompts are shown, and you might be tempted to disable it temporarily, while you install all applications and enable it again when done. In some situations, this can be a bad idea. Desktop apps that make lots of system changes can fail to work once UAC is turned on, after their installation. However, they will function properly if you install them when UAC is turned on. When UAC is turned off, the virtualization techniques used by UAC for all applications are inactive. This causes certain user settings and files to be installed to a different place. They will not work when UAC is turned back on. To avoid such problems, it is better to have User Account Control (UAC) turned on at all times.

Do you leave UAC turned on?

Now you know everything that is important about User Account Control (UAC) in Windows and its role in securing your system. Before closing this article, share with us whether you chose to keep it turned on or not. The comments form is accessible below.

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