Vsync waa ikhtiyaar aad ku arki doonto inta badan ciyaaraha fiidiyowga PC^{(PC video games)} iyo mararka qaarkood xitaa codsiyada kale. Laakiin waa maxay Vsync ? Maxay qabtaa? Ma dami kartaa ama dami lahayd? 

Jawaabta tani waa dhib badan, laakiin marka aad fahamto ujeedada Vsync waxaad ogaan doontaa goorta la shido ama laga tago.

Waa maxay Vsync?

Waxa ugu horreeya ee aad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato waa in kormeerahaagu muujin karo tiro cayiman oo sawirro ah ilbiriqsi kasta. Tan waxaa loo yaqaan heerka cusbooneysiinta^{(refresh rate)} , taas oo ah inta jeer ee kormeeruhu uu si buuxda u cusbooneysiin karo sawirka wax cusub.

Haddi aanad horeba u ogayn, dhalanteedka ah in sawirada dhaqaaqa ee shaashada waxa abuurma adiga oo si degdeg ah u soo bandhigaya muuqaalo taxane ah. Sawir kastaa waxa uu mawduuca ku tusayaa wakhti kala duwan. Inta badan filimada aad ka daawato shaleemada waxa lagu duubaa 24 fareem ilbidhiqsikii. Markaa waxaad arkaysaa 24 qaybood oo wakhti ah oo lagu muujiyay ilbidhiqsi kasta. 

Waxa kale oo jira waxyaabo badan oo laga duubay 30 iyo 60 fiim ilbiriqsikii. Sawirada kamarada waxqabadka^{(Action camera)} , tusaale ahaan, waxa sida caadiga ah lagu duubaa 60 fiim ilbiriqsikii.

Inta badan ee looxyada gaarka ah ee lagu muujin karo hal ilbiriqsi gudaheed, waxaa soo baxaya dhaqdhaqaa jilicsan oo fiiqan. Maskaxdaadu waxay isku dartaa fiimyada isku dhafan waxayna u aragtaa inuu yahay sawir dhaqaaqaya.

Nidaamka kombuyuutarka, GPU (cutubka habaynta garaafyada) waxay diyaarisaa fareemooyinka loo diro bandhigga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii bandhiggu aanu diyaar u ahayn fareem cusub sababtoo ah waxay weli ka shaqaynaysaa sawiridda kii hore, waxay keeni kartaa xaalad ay qaybo ka mid ah xirmooyinka kala duwan la soo bandhigo isku mar. Vsync waxaa loola jeedaa in laga hortago xaaladdan, iyada oo la isku dhejinayo fireemooyinka GPU -ga ilaa heerka soo kicinta ee kormeeraha.

Heerarka Cusbooneysiinta caadiga ah

Heerka soo-celinta ugu caansan ee soo-bandhigidda waa 60Hz. Taasi waa, 60 qabowjiyaa per labaad. Inta badan kormeerayaasha kumbuyuutarka iyo telefishinada ayaa bixiya ugu yaraan intaas. 

Waxa kale oo aad ka iibsan kartaa kormeerayaasha kombuyuutarka oo leh heerar kala duwan oo dib u cusbooneysiin ah^{(refresh rates)} , oo ay ku jiraan; 75Hz, 120 Hz, 144 Hz, 240 Hz iyo 300 Hz. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay jiraan nambaro kale oo oddball ah sidoo kale, laakiin kuwani waa iska caadi, iyadoo heerarka dib u cusboonaysiinta ay aad uga yar yihiin nidaamyada ciyaaraha gaarka ah. 

Telefishinadu waxay ku dhow yihiin dhammaan unugyada 60 Hz, oo leh 120 Hz oo hadda soo galaya suuqa caadiga ah oo ay la socdaan jiilkii ugu dambeeyay ee consoles-yada ciyaarta ee taageera heerkaas soo kicinta.

Isbarbardhigga Heerarka ^(Frame) Qaabka^(Rates) si loo Cusbooneysiiyo Heerka^(Rate)

Heerka soo kicinta ee shaashadu maaha in uu u dhigmo heerka jir ee ka kooban si sax ah. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ku ciyaarayso 30 fiim halkii ilbiriqsi ee muqaal 60Hz ah, markaa waxa kaliya oo aad u baahan tahay in aad soo bandhigto laba xidhmo oo isku mid ah oo ah 60Hz, oo wadartoodu tahay 30 xidhmo oo gaar ah. 

24fps footage waxay keenaysaa caqabad, maadaama 24 aysan si hufan u qaybin 60. Waxaa jira siyaabo kala duwan oo tan loo xalliyo. Shaashadaha qaarkood waxay isticmaalaan qaab beddelaad muuqaal ah oo loo yaqaan "jiid" kaas oo magdhow u ah isku-dheellitir la'aanta qiimaha ku socodsiinta nuxurka xawaare ka duwan sidii loogu talagalay. 

Bandhigyo badan oo casri ah ayaa sidoo kale u beddeli kara heerar cusub oo kala duwan. Markaa waxa laga yaabaa in TV-gu u beddelo 48 Hz ama xitaa 24 Hz si uu u helo isku-dubbarid qumman oo leh muuqaal 24fps ah. 120Hz TV-^(TVs) yadu maaha inay tan sameeyaan, maadaama 24 ay si siman u qaybsanto 120.

Marka si Isticmaalka Vsync

Ciyaaraha fiidyaha, fareemooyinka looma soo saarin qaab la amray sida filim ama muuqaal. Bidix iyada oo aan lahayn wax xaddidaya, CPU , GPU , iyo mashiinka ciyaarta waxay isku dayaan inay soo saaraan inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama culeyska shaqada ee mashiinka ciyaarta uu ku dhejiyo qaybahan ay kala duwanaan karaan, heerka jirku wuu isbedeli karaa.

Sida kor ku xusan, marka GPU -gu soo diro fareemo aan la mid ahayn heerka soo-celinta kormeeraha, waxaad heli doontaa muuqaalka jeexjeexa shaashadda^{(screen tearing)} -sheeko ee meelaha kala duwan ee sawirku aysan saf ku jirin.

Marka aad dhaqaajiso Vsync , GPU -gaagu waxa kaliya oo ay soo dirtaa fareeshka la soo bandhigayo marka kormeeruhu uu diyaar u yahay in uu sawiro fareem cusub, sidoo kale waxa uu si wax ku ool ah u xaddidaa heerka fiimyada la sameeyay. Laakiin tani dhab ahaantii waxay sababi kartaa arrin kale oo ka dhalata sida looxyada loo "la xiray". Next, waxaynu ka wada hadli doonaa laba nooc oo caan ah naqdida jir.

Laba-Laba- Vuss Triple- Vsync Buffered^{(Versus Triple- Buffered Vsync)}

A "xafidi" waa gobol ka mid ah xasuusta in uu qoondeeyey sida aagga sugitaanka in la akhriyo markii qaar ka mid ah qalabka ama habka kale waa diyaar u. Marka GPU Eebay jir ah, ayay ku qoran tahay in ay kayd. Markaas shaashadda akhriya jir ka kayd in inay soo jiidaan. 

Ee loo yaqaan "double naqdida" waa iska caadi ah maanta. Waxaa jira laba buffers, qaadashada markooda ay u dhaqmaan sida "hore" iyo dib "xafidi. Bandhigay ayaa barbaro jir ka baseka hore, halka GPU qoray in kayd dhabarka. Markaasaa labadii buffers beddelato doorarka iyo celis ah geeddi-socodka.

Aan Vsync , labada buffers la doorsanayaan karaa wakhti kasta. Sidaas awgeed waxa suurtagal ah in shaashadda soo jiidi doonaa qayb ka mid ah kayd walba ee ku yiilleen, natiijada taas oo dillaaco. Marka aad ku beddelato Vsync on, dillaaco in uusan iska tagaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii GPU ma maamuli dhammayn qoraal ah in ay kayd dhabarka ee 1/60 ee labaad ah, jir waa laga booday. Tani waxa ay keentey in wax ku ool ah 30 Click here to per labaad. 

Ilaa uu kombuyuutarku si joogto ah u bixin karo 60 fareem ilbidhiqsikiiba, waxa aad ku qasban tahay in aad la kulanto 30fps quful ama si duurjoog ah u lulaya inta u dhaxaysa 30 iyo 60.

Triple-naqdida^{(Triple-buffering)} ku darayaa kayd dib labaad, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in ay jiraan mar walba jir ah oo diyaar u ah in la bedesheen in baseka hore, taas oo suurto gal ah in tiro kisi ah sida 45 ama 59 Click here to per labaad shaashadda 60 Hz ah. Haddii tahay siinayaa ikhtiyaarka aad, xaafuun-naqdida mar walba waa fursad fiican.

Noocyada Vsync ee la xoojiyey

Graphics sameeyayaal card sii si ay ula lagdamaan dillaaco screen iyo artifacts kale ay keento inuu dillaaco screen. Saaraha kasta oo weyn waxay leedahay soo versions sare ee Vsync in ay isku dayaan in ay bixiyaan Dhammaan gargaarka oo idil oo aan u dhaca.

Nvidia ayaa AdaptiveSync iyo FastSync , mid kasta oo ay hab caqli u gaar ah si ay u Vsync . Hore ee badalato kaliya on Vsync haddii heerka jir kulan ee waa loo siman yahay ama ka badan yahay heerka helid ah. Waa in hoos in, Vsync waa naafo, baabi'inta qarsoon baseka. Xalka ugu dambaysta waa ka sii wanaagsan maadaama ay awood naqdida xaafuun iyo bixisaa heerka ugu sareeya ee jir aan dillaaco.

AMD waxay leedahay Enhanced Sync , kaas oo la mid ah AdaptiveSync .

Vsync Versus Heerka Soo Celinta Isbeddelka ah

Waxa jira beddel xoog leh oo loo beddelo Vsync oo loo yaqaan heerka dib-u-cusboonaysiinta doorsooma. Technology Nvidia ee loo yaqaan G-nidaameed^(G-Sync) iyo AMD ayaa sameeyay FreeSync , laakiin waxa ay ka dhigtay in ay lacag la'aan ah oo u furan qof kasta si ay u isticmaalka.

Labada teknooloojiyadu waxay u oggolaadaan kormeeraha iyo GPU inay midba midka kale u wada hadlaan si ay fayrasyada la isku dhejiyaan si sax ah oo aan cillad lahayn. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, dhammaan dib-u- dhacyada Vsync^(Vsync) halkan ayaa lagaga hadlay. 

Digniinka ugu weyn ayaa ah in kormeeraha laftiisa uu yahay inuu taageero tignoolajiyada. Waa dhif in la helo kormeerayaal taageera labada heerba, laakiin Nvidia dhawaan way ka laabatay oo waxay ku dartay taageerada FreeSync ee kormeerayaasha qaarkood. Waxa kale oo aad isku dayi kartaa inaad ka shaqeysiiso FreeSync korjoogayaasha aan liiska caddeynin ee Nvidia , laakiin natiijadu ma noqon karto mid aad u fiican xaaladaha qaarkood.

Haddaba aan soo koobno ​​waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka ogaato isticmaalka Vsync :

• Haddii ciyaartaadu aanay sii wadi karin heerka jir ee la mid ah ama ka sarreeya heerka soo kicinta kormeerahaaga, awood saddex laabashada ama hoos u dhig heerka soo kicinta.
• Haddii GPU -gaagu uu bixiyo nooc aad u horumarsan oo Vsync ah , waxaa habboon in la tijaabiyo.
• G-Sync iyo FreeSync waa doorarka la jecel yahay ee Vsync haddii aad marin u heli karto.
• Haddii aad rabto ugu yaraan dib-u-dhaca gelinta ciyaaraha tartanka, dami Vsync oo ku noolow muraayadda jeexjeexan, haddii dib-u-cusbooneysiin doorsoome aan la heli karin.

Kuwani waa aasaaska waxa Vsync yahay. Hadda dibadda u bax oo ku raaxayso khibrad ciyaar oo aan ilmo lahayn.

What Is Vsync and Should You Use It?

Vsync is an option that yoυ’ll see in most PC video games and sometimes even in other applications. But what is Vsync? What does it do? Should you switch it on or off? 

The answer to this is complicated, but once you understand the purpose of Vsync you’ll know when to switch it on or leave it off.

What Is Vsync?

The first thing you need to know is that your monitor can show a certain number of discrete images every second. This is known as the refresh rate, which is how many times the monitor can completely refresh the image on-screen with something new.

If you don’t already know, the illusion of moving pictures on a screen is created by rapidly displaying a sequence of still images. Each image shows the subject in a different slice of time. Most movies you watch in the cinema are filmed at 24 frames per second. So you see 24 slices of time shown within each second. 

There’s also plenty of content recorded at 30 and 60 frames per second. Action camera footage, for example, is typically recorded at 60 frames per second.

The more unique frames that can be shown in one second, the smoother and sharper motion appears. Your brain merges the frames together and perceives it as a moving picture.

In a computer system, the GPU (graphics processing unit) prepares frames to be sent to the display. However, if the display isn’t ready for a new frame because it’s still working on drawing the previous one, it can cause a situation where parts of different frames are displayed at the same time. Vsync is meant to prevent this situation, by syncing the frames from the GPU to the refresh rate of the monitor.

Typical Refresh Rates

The most common display refresh rate out there is 60Hz. That is, 60 refreshes per second. Most computer monitors and televisions offer at least this much. 

You can also buy computer monitors in a variety of refresh rates, which include; 75Hz, 120 Hz, 144 Hz, 240 Hz and 300 Hz. There may be other oddball numbers as well, but these are typical, with higher refresh rates being rarer outside specialized gaming systems. 

Televisions are almost all 60 Hz units, with 120 Hz sets now entering the mainstream market along with the latest generation of gaming consoles that support that refresh rate.

Matching Frame Rates to Refresh Rate

The refresh rate of the screen doesn’t have to match the frame rate of the content exactly. For example, if you’re playing 30 frames per second video on a 60Hz display, then you just need to display two identical frames at 60Hz, totaling 30 unique frames. 

24fps footage poses a challenge, since 24 does not divide neatly into 60. There are different ways to solve this. Some screens use a form of video conversion known as a “pulldown” that compensates for the mismatch at the cost of running the content at a slightly different speed than intended. 

Many modern displays can also switch to different refresh rates. So a TV might switch to 48 Hz or even 24 Hz to get perfect synchronization with 24fps footage. 120Hz TVs don’t have to do this, since 24 divides evenly into 120.

When to Use Vsync

With video games, frames aren’t produced in such an ordered fashion as with film or video. Left without any limiters, the CPU, GPU, and game engine try to produce as many frames as possible. However, since the workload that the game engine puts on these components can vary, the frame rate may fluctuate.

As mentioned above, when the GPU is sending frames that are not in sync with the monitor’s refresh rate, you’ll get that tell-tale screen tearing look where different parts of the image don’t line up.

When you activate Vsync, your GPU only sends out a frame to be displayed when the monitor is ready to draw a new frame, also effectively limiting the rate at which frames are rendered. But this can actually cause yet another issue that results from how frames are “buffered”. Next, we’ll discuss two common types of frame buffering.

Double- Versus Triple- Buffered Vsync

A “buffer” is a region of memory that’s designated as a waiting area to be read when some other device or process is ready for it. When your GPU renders a frame, it’s written to a buffer. Then the screen reads the frame from that buffer to draw it. 

So-called “double buffering” is the norm today. There are two buffers, taking turns to act as the “front” and back” buffer. The display draws the frame from the front buffer, while the GPU writes to the back buffer. Then the two buffers switch roles and the process repeats.

Without Vsync, the two buffers can be swapped at any time. So it’s possible that the screen will draw part of each buffer in the frame, which results in tearing. When you switch Vsync on, that tearing does go away. However, if the GPU doesn’t manage to finish writing to the back buffer in 1/60th of a second, that frame is skipped. This results in an effective 30 frames per second. 

Unless your computer can consistently render 60 frames per second, you’re liable to experience either a locked 30fps or wildly swinging framerates snapping between 30 and 60.

Triple-buffering adds a second back buffer, which means that there’s always a frame ready to be swapped to the front buffer, making it possible to have odd numbers such as 45 or 59 frames per second on a 60 Hz screen. If you’re given the option, triple-buffering is always a good option.

Enhanced Vsync Types

Graphics card makers continue to grapple with screen tearing and other artifacts caused by screen tearing. Each major manufacturer has come up with advanced versions of Vsync that try to offer all the benefits without the drawbacks.

Nvidia has AdaptiveSync and FastSync, each with their own intelligent approach to Vsync. The former only switches on Vsync if a game’s frame rate is equal or higher than the refresh rate. Should it drop below that, Vsync is disabled, eliminating buffer latency. The latter solution is better as it enables triple buffering and provides the highest frame rate without tearing.

AMD has Enhanced Sync, which is like AdaptiveSync.

Vsync Versus Variable Refresh Rate

There’s a powerful alternative to Vsync known as variable refresh rate. Nvidia’s technology is known as G-Sync and AMD has developed FreeSync, but have made it free and open for anyone to use.

Both technologies let the monitor and GPU talk to each other in such a way that frames are synced with near flawless precision. In other words, all drawbacks of Vsync are addressed here. 

The main caveat is that the monitor itself has to support the technology. It’s rare to find monitors that support both standards, but Nvidia has recently relented and added FreeSync support for certain monitors. You can also attempt activating FreeSync on monitors not whitelisted by Nvidia, but the results may not be great in some cases.

So let’s summarize what you need to know about using Vsync:

• If your game cannot sustain a frame rate equal to or above your monitor’s refresh rate, enable triple buffering or lower the refresh rate.
• If your GPU offers a more advanced version of Vsync, it’s worth trying out.
• G-Sync and FreeSync are desirable alternatives to Vsync if you have access to them.
• If you want the minimum of input lag for competitive gaming, switch off Vsync and live with the screen tearing, if variable refresh is unavailable.

Those are the basics of what Vsync is. Now get out there and have some fun with a tear-free gaming experience.

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