Magaca dhabarka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u ekaado mid qariib ah, laakiin aad ayay khatar u ahaan kartaa haddii uu mid ku yaallo nidaamka kombiyuutarkaaga^{(computer system)} ama shabakaddaada. Su'aashu waxay tahay, sidee khatar u tahay albaabka dambe, maxayse saameyn ku yeelan kartaa haddii shabakadaada la saameeyo.

Maqaalkan waxa loogu talagalay kuwa bilawga ah, waxaanu eegi doonaa waxa uu yahay dhabarka iyo sida ay tuugtu u isticmaalaan gadaasha dambe si ay u helaan hababka kombiyuutarada ee aduunka.

Waa maxay Backdoor

OK, markaa albaabka danbe ayaa asal ahaan ah hab ay hackersku uga gudbaan hababka sirta ah ee kombayutarka, ka dibna u ogolaanaya inay galaan nidaamka oo ay ururiyaan xogta sida sirta ah iyo macluumaadka kale ee muhiimka ah. Mararka qaarkood albaab danbe ayaa loogu talagalay waxa loogu yeero ujeedooyin wanaagsan. Tusaale ahaan, xaalad ayaa laga yaabaa inay soo baxdo marka maamulaha nidaamka lumiyo gelitaanka, iyo sida, kaliya albaabka dambe ayaa bixin kara gelitaanka.

Xaalado badan, dhibbanayaashu wax fikrad ah uma laha in albaab danbe lagu rakibo kombayutarkooda, taasina waa dhib sababtoo ah wax fikrad ah kama qabaan in xogtooda ay wacaan dad shisheeye ah oo laga yaabo in lagu iibiyo shabakada mugdiga ah. Aan uga hadalno mowduucan si faahfaahsan.

1. Taariikhda dhabarka oo leh tusaalayaal
2. Sida tuugadu uga faa'iidaystaan ​​gadaasha dambe
3. Sidee dib-u-celinta uga yimaadaa kombiyuutarka?
4. Horumariyaha ayaa rakibay albaabka dambe
5. Backdoor ay sameeyeen hackers
6. Albaabada danbe ee la helay
7. Sida looga ilaaliyo kombuyuutarada albaabada danbe.

Waxaad halkan ka akhrin kartaa faraqa u dhexeeya Virus, Trojan, Worm, Adware, Rootkit , iwm.

1] Taariikhda dhabarka oo leh tusaalayaal

Albaabka dambe waxa ay jireen muddo dheer hadda, laakiin waxa ugu horrayn dib-u-dhigeen hal-abuurayaashu. Tusaale ahaan, NSA waxay dib u soo celisay 1993-kii sir sireed si loogu isticmaalo kombiyuutarada iyo telefoonada labadaba. Waxa xiisaha lahaa ee ku saabsan chip-kan waa albaabka dambe ee la dhisay ee la socday.

Aragti ahaan, chip-kan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ilaaliyo macluumaadka xasaasiga ah, isla markaana u oggolow sharci fulinta inay dhagaystaan ​​codka iyo gudbinta xogta.

Tusaale kale oo ka mid ah albaabka dambe ayaa nagu hogaaminaya Sony , yaab leh. Waad aragtaa, shirkadda Japan waxay dib u soo celisay 2005 malaayiin CD-yo muusig ah u soo dirtay macaamiisha adduunka oo dhan, laakiin waxaa jirtay dhibaato weyn oo alaabtan ah. Shirkaddu waxay dooratay inay CD kasta ku rakibto rootkit, taasoo macnaheedu yahay, mar kasta oo CD-ga la geliyo kumbiyuutarka, rootkit-ku wuxuu ku rakibaa nidaamka hawlgalka.

Marka taas la sameeyo, rootkit-ku wuxuu la socon doonaa caadooyinka dhegeysiga isticmaalaha wuxuuna xogta dib ugu soo celin doonaa server-yada Sony . Baahnayn in la sheego, waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah fadeexooyinkii ugu waaweynaa ee 2005, waxayna wali ka laalaadatay madaxa Sonys ilaa maantadan la joogo.

Akhriso^(Read) : Kobcinta Malware – Siday wax u dhaceen !

2] Sida ay jabsadayaashu uga faa'iidaystaan ​​albaabada danbe

Ma fududa in la ogaado albaabka danbe ee dhijitaalka ah maadaama aanu la mid ahayn albaabka danbe ee jirka. Xaaladaha qaarkood, tuugadu waxay isticmaali karaan albaabka dambe si ay waxyeelo ugu geystaan ​​kombuyuutar ama shabakad, laakiin xaaladaha intooda badan, waxyaalahan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu koobiyo faylasha iyo in lagu basaaso.

Qofka basaasnimada ah wuxuu u janjeeraa inuu eego macluumaadka xasaasiga ah, waxayna samayn karaan tan iyada oo aan raad laga tegin. Waa ikhtiyaar aad uga wanaagsan nuqul ka samaynta faylalka maadaama dariiqaasi inta badan wax ka tago. Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka si sax ah loo sameeyo, koobiyeynta macluumaadka kama tago raadadka, laakiin way adagtahay in la fuliyo, sidaas darteed, kaliya kuwa ugu horumarsan ee haakarisku waxay qaataan caqabadan.

Marka ay timaado in ay dhibaato keento, hacker-ku waxa uu go'aansan doonaa in uu malware-ka geeyo nidaamka halkii uu hawlo qarsoon ka samayn lahaa. Tani waa ikhtiyaarka ugu fudud, kaas oo u baahan xawaare sababtoo ah ogaanshaha ma qaadato waqti aad u dheer, gaar ahaan haddii nidaamka si aad ah loo ilaaliyo.

Akhri^(Read) : Weerarada Ransomware, Qeexid, Tusaalayaal, Ilaalinta, Bixinta, FAQ^{(Ransomware Attacks, Definition, Examples, Protection, Removal, FAQ)} .

3] Sidee^(How) dib-u-daabyada uga yimaada kombayutarka?

Cilmi-baadhisteenna, waxa jira saddex dariiqo oo aasaasiga ah ee albaabka dambe uga soo baxo kombayutarka. Caadi ahaan waxa abuura horumariyayaal, ay abuuraan hackers, ama la ogaado. Aynu wax badan ka hadalno kuwaas.

4] Soo-saare ku rakibay albaabka dambe

Mid ka mid ah albaabada ugu khatarta badan ee kombayuutarka ama shabakada kombuyuutarka^{(computer network)} ayaa ah midka uu rakibay horumariyaha. Xaaladaha qaarkood, soosaarayaasha arjiyada waxay ku dhejiyaan gadaasha alaabada ay isticmaali karaan mar kasta oo baahidu timaado.

Waxay sameeyaan haddii ay doonayaan in ay siiyaan sharci fulinta, basaas on muwaadiniinta, haddii alaabta lagu iibiyo by xafiiltamaan, iyo sababo kale.

Akhri^(Read) : Sidee ku ogaan kartaa in kombiyuutarkaagu uu leeyahay Virus^{(How do you tell if your computer has a virus)} ?

5] Backdoor ay sameeyeen hackers

Xaaladaha qaarkood, hackers ma awoodo inuu helo albaabka dambe ee nidaamka, sidaas darteed, waxa ugu fiican ee soo socda waa in la abuuro mid ka soo xoqan. Si loo sameeyo, jabsiga ayaa looga baahan yahay inuu ka abuuro tunnel ka nidaamkooda ilaa kan dhibbanaha.

Haddi aanay gacanta ku haysan, jabsadayaashu waa inay dhibbanaha ku khiyaameeyaan inuu ku rakibo qalab khaas ah oo u ogolaanaya inay ka galaan kombiyuutarka meel fog. Halkaa, haakarisku waxay si fudud u heli karaan xogta muhiimka ah waxayna u soo dejisan karaan si fudud.

6] Backdoor ay heleen hackers

Xaaladaha qaarkood, looma baahna haakarisku si ay u abuuraan gadaashooda sababtoo ah dhaqanka horumariyaha xun awgeed, nidaamku wuxuu lahaan karaa gadaal aan la garanayn dhammaan dadka ku lugta leh. Hackers, haddii ay nasiib leeyihiin, waxaa laga yaabaa inay la kulmaan qaladkan oo ay si fiican uga faa'iideystaan.

Wixii aan soo aruurinay sanadihii la soo dhaafay, albaabada danbe waxay u muuqdaan inay ka soo muuqdaan software gelitaanka fog marka loo eego wax kasta oo kale, taasina waa sababta oo ah aaladahaan waxaa loogu talagalay inay dadka siiyaan nidaamka kombuyuutarka meel fog.

7] Sida^(How) kombayutarada looga ilaaliyo albaabada danbe

Ma fududa in kombayutarkaga laga ilaaliyo albaabada danbe ee ku dhex dhisan waayo way adagtahay in marka hore la aqoonsado. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka ay timaaddo noocyada kale ee gadaasha dambe, waxaa jira siyaabo lagu xakameyn karo waxyaabaha.

• La soco dhaqdhaqaaqa shabakadaha kombiyuutarkaaga^{(Monitor network activity on your computer(s))} : Waxaan aaminsanahay in la socodka amniga shabakadaada Windows 10 kumbiyuutarku uu yahay mid ka mid ah siyaabaha ugu wanaagsan ee aad nidaamkaaga uga ilaalin karto albaabada dambe. Ka faa'iidayso qalabka Windows Firewall , iyo barnaamijyada kale ee la socodka shabakadaha qolo saddexaad.
• Beddel furahaaga sirta ah 90-kii maalmoodba mar^{(Change your password every 90 days)} : Siyaalo ka badan hal, eraygaaga sirta ah waa albaabka laga galo dhammaan macluumaadka xasaasiga ah ee kombayutarkaga. Haddii aad leedahay furaha sirta ah ee daciifka ah, isla markaaba waxaad abuurtay albaab dambe. Si la mid ah waa haddii eraygaaga sirta ah uu aad u duqoobay, tusaale ahaan, dhowr sano jir.
• Ka taxadar markaad soo dejisanayso abka bilaashka ah^{(Careful when downloading free apps)} : Kuwa leh Windows 10 , Bakhaarka Microsoft^{(Microsoft Store)} waxay u badan tahay inay tahay meesha ugu ammaansan ee laga soo dejiyo abka, laakiin Bakhaarka^(Store) ayaa ka maqan inta badan barnaamijyada ay isticmaalaan isticmaalayaashu. Xaaladani waxay ku qasabtaa isticmaaluhu inuu sii wado soo dejinta apps-ka ee shabakada, waana halka ay arrimuhu aad u khaldami karaan. Waxaan soo jeedinaynaa in la iskaan barnaamij kasta ka hor inta aan lagu rakibin Microsoft Defender ama mid kasta oo ka mid ah qalabka ka hortagga fayraska iyo malware-ka ee aad jeceshahay.
• Had iyo jeer isticmaal xallinta amniga^{(Always use a security solution)} : Kumbiyuutar kasta oo ku shaqeeya Windows 10 waa in lagu rakibaa software ammaan ah oo la isticmaalayo. Sida caadiga ah, Difaaca Microsoft^{(Microsoft Defender)} waa inuu ku shaqeeyaa qalab kasta, marka isla marka laga baxo sanduuqa, isticmaaluhu waa la ilaaliyaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira fursado badan oo uu heli karo isticmaaluhu, markaa ka faa'iidayso midka sida ugu fiican ugu shaqeeya baahiyahaaga.

Ransomware , software^{(Rogue software)} rogue , Rootkits , Botnets , RATs , Malvertising , Phishing , Drive-by-download^{(Drive-by-download attacks)} wera , Xatooyada Aqoonsiga Onlineka^{(Online Identity Theft)} , dhamaantood halkan waa inay joogaan hadda. Mid hadda loo baahan yahay inuu qaato hab isku dhafan oo lagula dagaallamo malware, sidaas darteed Firewalls , Heuristics , iwm, ayaa sidoo kale laga dhigay qayb ka mid ah arsenal. Waxaa jira barnaamijyo badan oo ka hortag ah^{(free antivirus software)} oo lacag la'aan ah iyo Internet Security Suites oo lacag la'aan ah , kuwaas oo u dhaqma si la mid ah fursadaha lacag bixinta. Waxaad wax dheeraad ah ka akhriyi kartaa halkan - Talooyinka lagu sugo Windows 10 PC.^{(Tips to secure Windows 10 PC.)}

What is a Backdoor attack? Meaning, Examples, Definitions

Thе name backdoor might sound strange, but it can be very dangerous if onе is located on your computer system or network. The question is, how dangerous is a backdoor, and what are the implications if your network is affected.

In this article meant for beginners, we are going to take a look at what a backdoor is and how hackers use backdoors to gain access to computer systems around the world.

What is a Backdoor

OK, so a backdoor is basically a way for hackers to bypass regular encryption methods on a computer, which then allows them to enter the system and collect data such as passwords and other important information. Sometimes a backdoor is designed for so-called good purposes. For example, a situation may arise when a system admin loses access, and as such, only a backdoor could provide access.

In many cases, victims have no idea a backdoor is installed on their computer, and that’s a problem because they have no idea their data is being siphoned by outsiders and probably sold on the dark web. Let us talk about this topic in detail.

1. The history of backdoors with examples
2. How hackers take advantage of backdoors
3. How backdoors come about on a computer?
4. Developer installed backdoor
5. Backdoor created by hackers
6. Discovered backdoors
7. How to protect computers against backdoors.

You can read the difference between Virus, Trojan, Worm, Adware, Rootkit, etc, here.

1] The history of backdoors with examples

Backdoors have been around for quite a long time now, but they were primarily backdoors put into place by the creators. For example, the NSA back in 1993 developed an encryption chip for use in both computers and phones. What was interesting about this chip is the built-in backdoor that came with it.

In theory, this chip was designed to keep sensitive information secured, but at the same time allow law enforcement to listen in on voice and data transmissions.

Another example of a backdoor leads us to Sony, surprisingly. You see, the Japanese company back in 2005 shipped millions of music CDs to customers around the world, but there was a huge problem with these products. The company chose to install a rootkit on each CD, which means, whenever the CD is placed in a computer, the rootkit then installs itself onto the operating system.

When that is done, the rootkit will monitor the user’s listening habits and send the data back to Sony servers. Needless to say, it was one of the biggest scandals of 2005, and it still hangs over Sonys head to this very day.

Read: Evolution of Malware – How it all began!

2] How hackers take advantage of backdoors

It’s not easy to spot a digital backdoor since it is not the same as a physical backdoor. In some cases, hackers might use a backdoor to cause damage to a computer or network, but in most situations, these things are used to copy files and to spy.

A person spying tends to look at sensitive information, and they can do this without leaving a trace. It is a much better option than copying files since that route usually leaves something behind. However, when done right, copying information does not leave traces behind, but it is difficult to accomplish, therefore, only the most advanced of hackers take on this challenge.

When it comes down to causing havoc, a hacker will decide to just deliver malware to the system rather than go about on a covert mission. This is the easiest option, which requires speed because detection does not take very long, especially if the system is highly secured.

Read: Ransomware Attacks, Definition, Examples, Protection, Removal, FAQ.

3] How backdoors come about on a computer?

From our research, there are three primary ways for a backdoor to appear on a computer. They are usually created by developers, created by hackers, or discovered. Let us talk more about those.

4] Developer installed backdoor

One of the most dangerous backdoors on a computer or computer network is the one installed by the developer. In some cases, application developers place backdoors in a product that they can use whenever the need arises.

They do it if they want to give law enforcement access, spy on citizens, if the product is being sold by a rival, among other reasons.

Read: How do you tell if your computer has a virus?

5] Backdoor created by hackers

In some cases, a hacker is unable to find a backdoor on a system, therefore, the next best thing is to create one from scratch. To get it done, the hacker is required to create a tunnel from their system to that of the victim.

If they do not have manual access, the hackers must trick the victim into installing a specialized tool that allows them to access the computer from a remote location. From there, hackers can easily access important data and download them with relative ease.

6] Backdoor discovered by hackers

In some situations, there is no need for hackers to create their own backdoors because due to bad developer practice, a  system might have backdoors unknown to all involved. Hackers, if they’re lucky, might come across this error and take full advantage of it.

From what we’ve gathered over the years, backdoors tend to show up in remote access software than anything else, and that is because these tools were designed to give folks access to a computer system from a remote location.

7] How to protect computers against backdoors

It’s not easy to protect your computer from built-in backdoors because it is difficult to identify them in the first place. However, when it comes down to other types of backdoors, there are ways to get things under control.

• Monitor network activity on your computer(s): We believe that monitoring network security on your Windows 10 computer is one of the best ways to protect your system from potential backdoors. Take advantage of the Windows Firewall tool, and other third-party network monitoring programs.
• Change your password every 90 days: In more ways than one, your password is the gateway to all sensitive information on your computer. If you have a weak password, then right away you’ve created a backdoor. The same goes if your password is too old, for example, multiple years old.
• Careful when downloading free apps: For those with Windows 10, the Microsoft Store is probably the safest place to download apps, but the Store is lacking in most programs used by users. This situation forces the user to continue downloading apps on the web, and this is where things can go very wrong. We suggest scanning each program before installing with Microsoft Defender or any of your favorite anti-virus and malware tool.
• Always use a security solution: Every computer that is powered by Windows 10 should have security software installed and in use. By default, Microsoft Defender should be running on every device, so right out of the box, the user is protected. However, there are many options available to the user, so make use of the one that works best for your needs.

Ransomware, Rogue software, Rootkits, Botnets, RATs, Malvertising, Phishing, Drive-by-download attacks, Online Identity Theft, are all here to stay now.  One now needed to take an integrated approach to fight malware, and hence Firewalls, Heuristics, etc, were also made a part of the arsenal. There are many free antivirus software and free Internet Security Suites, that act as good as the paid options.  You can read more here on – Tips to secure Windows 10 PC.

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