Waa maxay Xidhmada Adeegga? ^{(What is a Service Pack? )}Xirmo kasta oo software ah oo ka kooban tiro cusub oo ah nidaamka hawlgalka ama codsiga, waxa loo yaqaan xidhmo adeeg. Cusbooneysiinta yaryar^(Small) , shakhsi ahaaneed waxaa loo tixraacaa balastar ama cusbooneysiin software. Haddii shirkadu ay samaysay wax badan oo cusbooneed ah, waxa ay isku dubaridi doontaa wararkan cusub oo ay u sii daysaa sidii xidhmo adeeg oo keliya. Xidhmada adeega, sidoo kale loo yaqaano SP, waxay rabta inay kor u qaado wax soo saarka isticmaalaha. Waxay meesha ka saaraysaa arrimaha ay isticmaalayaashu la kulmeen noocyadii hore. Haddaba, xidhmada adeeggu waxa ay ka kooban tahay sifooyin cusub ama qaybo wax laga beddelay oo sifooyinkii hore ah iyo wareegyada amniga si loo hagaajiyo khaladaadka iyo dhiqlaha.

Baahida xirmo adeeg^{(Need for a service pack )}

Maxay shirkaduhu si joogto ah u sii daayaan xidhmooyinka adeegga? Waa maxay baahidu? Tixgeli nidaamka hawlgalka sida Windows . Waxay ka kooban tahay boqollaal faylal, habraacyo, iyo qaybo. Dhammaan kuwan waxaa si joogto ah u isticmaala dhammaan isticmaalayaasha. Hawlaha iyo hababka OS kasta waxay u nugul yihiin dhiqlaha. Isticmaalka, isticmaalayaashu waxay bilaabi karaan inay la kulmaan khaladaad kala duwan ama hoos u dhac ku yimaada waxqabadka nidaamka.

Sidaa darteed, si loo hubiyo in isticmaalayaasha software-ku ay leeyihiin waayo-aragnimo siman, cusbooneysiin ayaa loo baahan yahay. Xirmooyinka adeeggu^(Service) waxay qabtaan shaqada dayactirka software-ka. Waxay tirtiraan khaladaadkii hore waxayna soo bandhigaan hawlqabadyo cusub. Xirmooyinka adeeggu^(Service) waxay noqon karaan laba nooc - isugeyn ama koror. Xidhmada adeega isugaynta ahi waa sii socoshada kuwii hore halka xidhmada adeega kordhinta ay ka kooban tahay xidhmo cusub oo cusub.

Xirmooyinka adeegga - si faahfaahsan^{(Service packs – in detail)}

Xirmooyinka adeegga^(Service) ayaa laga heli karaa bilaash website-ka rasmiga ah ee horumariyaha. Haddii aad rabto in lagu ogeysiiyo, waxaad ku rakibi kartaa barnaamijka cusboonaysiinta kombuyuutarkaaga. Barnaamijkani wuxuu kugu dhiirigelin doonaa inaad soo dejiso xirmada adeegga cusub marka la sii daayo. Awood u yeelashada muuqaalka iskii u-cusboonaynta ee gudaha OS sidoo kale way caawisaa. Nidaamkaagu wuxuu si toos ah u rakibi doonaa xirmo adeeg oo cusub. Haddii uu maqan yahay xiriir internet oo wanaagsan, xirmooyinka adeegga CD-yada waxaa badanaa lagu heli karaa kharashyo magac-u-yaal ah.

Iyadoo qaar ka mid ah isticmaalayaasha ay sheegaan in ay wanaagsan tahay in la soo dejiyo oo la rakibo xirmooyinka adeegga maaddaama ay diyaar yihiin, qaar kale ayaa ku doodaya in xirmooyinka adeegga cusub ay ku jiri karaan qaar ka mid ah cayayaanka ama is-waafajinta. Sidaa darteed^(Therefore) , dadka qaarkiis waxay sugaan dhowr toddobaad ka hor inta aysan rakibin xirmo adeeg.

Xirmooyinka adeeggu^(Service) waxay ka kooban yihiin hagaajin iyo astaamo cusub. Sidaa darteed, ha la yaabin haddii aad aragto in nooca cusub ee OS uu aad uga duwan yahay kii hore. Habka ugu badan ee lagu magacaabo xirmo adeeg waa in lagu tixraaco nambarkeeda. Xirmada adeegga ugu horreysa ee OS waxaa loo yaqaan SP1 , oo ay ku xigto SP2 iyo wixii la mid ah… Isticmaalayaasha Windows aad ayey u yaqaannaan tan. SP2 waxay ahayd xidhmo adeeg caan ah oo Microsoft u sii daysay Windows XP . Iyadoo ay weheliso hagaajinta cayayaanka caadiga ah iyo cusboonaysiinta amniga, SP2 waxay keentay astaamo cusub. Qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka cusub ee la soo bandhigay waxay ahaayeen - interface ka fiican ee Internet Explorer , qalab cusub oo ammaan ah, iyo kuwa cusub^(DirectX)Teknoolojiyadda DirectX . SP2 waxaa loo arkaa xirmo adeeg oo dhameystiran sababtoo ah xitaa barnaamijyada cusub ee Windows qaarkood waxay u baahan yihiin tan si ay u shaqeyso.

Maadaama dayactirka software-ku yahay shaqo aan dhammaanayn (ilaa software-ku uu noqdo mid duugoobay), xidhmooyinka adeegga waxa la sii daayaa hal mar sannadkii ama 2 sano.

Faa'iidada xirmada adeegga ayaa ah, in kasta oo ay ka kooban tahay dhowr cusbooneysiin, kuwaas looma baahna in gacanta lagu rakibo mid mid. Kadib markaad soo dejiso xirmo adeeg, hal gujin, dhammaan hagaajinta cayayaanka iyo astaamo dheeri ah ayaa lagu rakibi karaa. Waxa ugu badan ee isticmaaluhu uu sameeyo waa inuu gujiyo dhawr dardaaran oo soo socda.

Xirmooyinka adeeggu^(Service) waa astaanta guud ee alaabta Microsoft . Laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaanay taasi la mid ahayn shirkadaha kale. Qaado MacOS X tusaale ahaan. Cusboonaysiinta kordhinta ee OS-ka ayaa lagu dabaqaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo barnaamijka Cusbooneysiinta Software^{(Software Update)} -ka.

Xidhmada adeega aad isticmaalayso?^{(Which service pack are you using?)}

Isticmaale ahaan, waxaad xiisayn doontaa inaad ogaato xidhmada adeegga OS ee ku rakiban qalabkaaga. Talaabooyinka lagu hubinayo tani waa sahlan tahay. Waxaad booqan kartaa Control Panel si aad u ogaato wax ku saabsan xirmada adeegga ee nidaamkaaga.

Haddii aad rabto in aad wax ka ogaato xidhmada adeegga ee barnaamij software gaar ah, hubi Help ama Menu ku saabsan barnaamijka. Waxa kale oo aad booqan kartaa website-ka rasmiga ah horumariyaha. Qaybta qoraallada Beddelka^(Changelog) ee sii^(Release) -deynta waxay ka koobnaan doontaa macluumaadka ku saabsan xidhmada adeegga ee dhowaan.

Marka aad hubiso xidhmada adeega hadda ku shaqaynaysa qalabkaaga, waxa fiican in aad hubiso in uu yahay kii ugu dambeeyay iyo in kale. Haddaysan ahayn, soo deji oo rakib xidhmada adeegga ugu dambeysay. Noocyada cusub ee Windows ( Windows 8,10 ), xirmooyinka adeeggu ma jiraan hadda. Kuwan waxa si fudud loogu yaqaan Windows Updates (waxa aan kaga hadli doonaa qaybaha danbe).

Khaladaadka uu keenay xirmada adeega^{(Errors caused by a service pack )}

Hal balastar lafteedu waxay leedahay jaanisyada qaladaadka. Haddaba, ka fiirso xirmo adeeg oo ah ururinta dhowr cusbooneysiin. Waxaa jirta fursad wanaagsan oo xirmada adeegga ay qalad ku keento. Mid ka mid ah sababaha ayaa noqon kara wakhtiga la qaatay in la soo dejiyo oo la rakibo. Sababo^(Due) badan oo ka kooban, xidhmooyinka adeeggu guud ahaan waxay qaataan wakhti dheer in la soo dejiyo oo la rakibo. Sidaa darteed^(Thus) , abuurista fursado badan oo khaladaadku dhacaan. Sababtoo^(Due) ah joogitaanka wax badan oo cusbooneysiin ah oo ku jira xirmo isku mid ah, xirmada adeegga waxay sidoo kale faragelin kartaa codsiyada qaarkood ama darawalada ku jira nidaamka.

Ma jiraan tillaabooyinka cilad-raadinta bustaha ee khaladaadka ay keeneen xidhmooyin adeeg oo kala duwan. Talaabadaada ugu horeysa waa inaad la xiriirtaa kooxda taageerada. Waxa kale oo aad isku dayi kartaa in aad uninstall-ka ka saarto oo aad rakibto software-ka mar kale. Shabakado badan ayaa bixiya hagaha cilad-raadinta ee cusbooneysiinta Windows . Isticmaaluhu wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu marka hore hubiyo in arrin gaar ah ay sababtay Windows Update . Waxay markaa sii wadi karaan habka cilad-raadinta.

Haddii nidaamkaagu barafoobayo inta lagu jiro Rakibaadda Cusbooneysiinta Windows^{(Windows Update Installation)} , halkan waxaa ah dhowr farsamooyin oo la raaco:

• Ctrl+Alt+Del - Riix ^(Press)Ctrl+Alt+Del oo hubi haddii nidaamku muujinayo shaashadda gelitaanka. Mararka qaarkood, nidaamku wuxuu kuu oggolaanayaa inaad si caadi ah u gasho oo aad sii waddo rakibidda cusbooneysiinta
• Dib u bilow^(Restart) - Waxaad dib u bilaabi kartaa nidaamkaaga adiga oo isticmaalaya badhanka dib u dejinta ama dami adiga oo isticmaalaya badhanka korantada. Daaqadaha^(Windows) ayaa si caadi ah u shaqayn doona waxayna sii wadi doontaa rakibidda cusboonaysiinta
• Habka badbaadada^{(Safe mode)} - Haddii barnaamij gaar ah uu faragelinayo rakibaadda cusbooneysiinta, dhibaatada waxaa lagu xallin karaa iyada oo la bilaabayo nidaamka hab ammaan ah. Habkan, kaliya darawallada ugu yar ee loo baahan yahay ayaa la raray si rakibiddu u dhacdo. Kadib, dib u bilow nidaamka.
• Dib u soo celinta nidaamka^{(System restores)} - Tan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu nadiifiyo nidaamka cusboonaysiinta aan dhamaystirnayn. Ku fur nidaamka qaab badbaado leh. Dooro barta soo celinta sidii mid ka hor inta aan la rakibin cusbooneysiinta. Haddii wax walba si fiican u socdaan, nidaamkaagu wuxuu ku soo noqonayaa gobolka ka hor inta aan cusbooneysiinta la isticmaalin.

Marka laga reebo kuwan, hubi haddii RAM- kaagu leeyahay meel ku filan. Xusuustu waxay sidoo kale noqon kartaa sabab u ah balastarrada inay barafoobaan. Ku hay BIOS-kaaga mid casri ah^{(BIOS up to date)} .

Hore u socoshada - laga bilaabo SP-yada ilaa Dhismooyinka^{(Moving forward – from SPs to Builds)}

Haa, Microsoft waxay^(Microsoft) u isticmaali jirtay inay u sii deyso xirmooyinka adeegga OS-keeda. Waxay hadda u dhaqaaqeen qaab ka duwan oo ay ku siidaayaan wararka. Xirmada Adeegga 1^{(Service Pack 1)} ee loogu talagalay Windows 7 ayaa ahayd xidhmada adeeg ee ugu dambaysay ee Microsoft sii daysay (sannadkii 2011). Waxay u muuqdaan inay meesha ka saareen xidhmooyinka adeegga.

Waxaan aragnay sida xirmooyinka adeeggu u keenaan hagaajinta cayayaanka, amniga la xoojiyay, iyo sidoo kale sifooyin cusub u keeneen. Tani waxay si gaar ah waxtar u lahayd sababtoo ah, isticmaalayaashu hadda waxay ku rakibi karaan cusbooneysiinyo badan hal mar, oo leh dhowr dhagsi. Windows XP wuxuu lahaa saddex xirmo adeeg; Windows Vista wuxuu leeyahay laba. Microsoft waxay sii deysay hal xidhmo oo adeeg ah Windows 7.^{(Windows XP had three service packs; Windows Vista has two. Microsoft released only one service pack for Windows 7.)}

Dabadeed, xidhmooyinka adeegga waa la joojiyay. Windows 8 , ma jirin xidhmooyin adeeg. Isticmaalayaashu waxay si toos ah u cusbooneysiin karaan Windows 8.1 , kaas oo ahaa nooc cusub oo OS ah.

Haddaba maxaa is beddelay?^{(So what has changed?)}

Cusbooneysiinta Windows^{(Windows Update)} s uma bilaaban inay u shaqeyso si ka duwan sidii hore. Cusboonaysiinta Daaqadaha ayaa^{(Windows Update)} wali ku rakibta qalabyada dhejiska. Waxaad baari kartaa liiska oo aad xitaa ka saari kartaa balastarrada qaarkood oo aadan rabin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo Windows 10 , Microsoft waxay bilowday inay sii deyso 'Dhismaha' halkii ay ka ahaan lahayd xirmooyinka adeegga caadiga ah.

Muxuu dhismayaa?^{(What does a Build do?)}

Dhismuhu kuma jiraan oo kaliya balastar ama cusbooneysiin; waxaa loo malayn karaa inay yihiin nooc cusub oo OS ah. Tani waa waxa laga hirgaliyay Windows 8 . Ma jirin kaliya hagaajin waaweyn ama sifooyin la hagaajiyay; isticmaalayaashu waxay u cusboonaysiin karaan nooc cusub oo OS ah - Windows 8 .1

Windows 10 si toos ah ayuu u soo dejisan karaa una rakibi karaa dhisme cusub nidaamkaaga. Nidaamkaaga iyagaa dib loo kiciyay oo loo cusboonaysiiyay dhismaha cusub. Maanta, halkii laga isticmaali lahaa lambarrada xirmada adeegga, Windows 10 isticmaalayaashu waxay hubin karaan lambarka dhismaha ee qalabkooda. Si aad u hubiso lambarka dhismaha^{(check for the build number)} ee qalabkaaga, taabo furaha Windows , geli ' Winver ' gudaha Start Menu . Riix^(Press) furaha Gelida^(Enter) .

Sidee loo tiriyey noocyada dhismooyinka? Dhismihii ugu horeeyay ee Windows 10 waxa la nambareeyay Build 10240^{(Build 10240)} . Cusboonaysiinta caanka ah ee Noofembar^{(November Update)} , nidaam nambarayn cusub ayaa la raacay. Cusboonaysiinta Noofembar^{(November Update)} waxay leedahay nambarka nooca 1511 - tani waxay la macno tahay in la sii daayay Noofambar^(November) (11) ee 2015. Nambarka dhismuhu waa 10586.

Dhismuhu wuu ka duwan yahay xidhmada adeega macnaha inaadan ka saari karin dhisme. Isticmaaluhu, si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu leeyahay ikhtiyaarka ah inuu ku noqdo dhismihii hore. Si aad dib ugu noqoto, aad Settings > Update and Security > Recovery . Doorashadani waxay shaqeysaa kaliya hal bil kadib dhismo la rakibay. Muddadan ka dib, ma hoos u dhigi kartid Tani waa sababta oo ah habka ku lug leh dib u noqoshada waxay aad ugu egtahay ka noqoshada Windows 10 oo loo beddelo nooc hore ( Windows 7/8.1 ). Ka dib marka la rakibo dhismo cusub, waxaad arki kartaa in saaxirka nadiifinta diskka uu haysto faylal ay adeegsadeen 'rakibadihii hore ee Windows '. Daaqadaha^(Windows) waxay tirtirtaa faylashan 30 maalmood ka dib, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aan suurtogal ahayn in hoos loo dhigo dhismihii hore^{(impossible to downgrade to a previous build)}. Haddii aad weli rabto inaad soo noqoto, dariiqa kaliya ayaa ah inaad dib u rakibto nooca asalka ah ee Windows 10 .

Soo koobid^(Summary)

• Xirmada adeegga waa software ka kooban dhowr cusbooneysiin oo ku saabsan nidaamka hawlgalka ama codsiga
• Xirmooyinka adeeggu^(Service) waxay ka kooban yihiin hagaajinta khaladaadka iyo dhiqlaha oo ay la socdaan astaamo dheeri ah iyo hawlqabadyo
• Way waxtar leeyihiin sababtoo ah isticmaaluhu waxa uu ku rakibi karaa qaybo cusub oo cusbooneed ah markiiba, isaga oo dhawr gujis wata. Ku rakibida balastarrada mid mid ayaa aad uga sii adkaan doonta
• Microsoft waxay^(Microsoft) u isticmaali jirtay inay ku sii daayo xidhmooyinka adeegga noocyadii hore ee Windows . Noocyadii ugu dambeeyay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay leeyihiin dhismayaal, kuwaas oo aad ugu eg nooca cusub ee OS

What is a Service Pack? [Explained]

What is a Service Pack? Any software package that contains a set of updates for either an operating system or an application, is called a service pack. Small, individual updates are referred to as patches or software updates. If the company has developed many updates, it clubs these updates together and releases them as a single service pack. A service pack, also known as SP, aims to enhance the user’s productivity. It eliminates the issues the users faced in the previous versions. Thus, a service pack contains new features or modified components of old features and security loops to fix the errors and bugs.

Need for a service pack

Why do companies regularly release service packs? What is the need? Consider an operating system such as Windows. It contains hundreds of files, processes, and components. All of these are regularly used by all users. The functionalities and processes of any OS are vulnerable to bugs. With use, users may start encountering various errors or a drop in system performance.

Therefore, to ensure that the users of the software have a smooth experience, updates are required. Service packs do the job of software maintenance. They eliminate old errors and introduce new functionalities. Service packs can be of 2 kinds – cumulative or incremental. A cumulative service pack is a continuation of the previous ones while an incremental service pack contains a set of fresh updates.

Service packs – in detail

Service packs are available for free from the developer’s official website. If you want to be notified, you can install a software update program on your computer. This program will prompt you to download the new service pack when it is released. Enabling the auto-update feature within an OS also helps. Your system will automatically install a new service pack. In case of the absence of a good internet connection, service pack CDs are usually available at nominal costs.

While some users say that it is good to download and install service packs as they are made available, some others argue that new service packs may contain certain bugs or incompatibilities. Therefore, some people wait for a couple of weeks before installing a service pack.

Service packs contain fixes and new features. Thus, do not be surprised if you see that the new version of an OS looks much different than the older one. The most common way to name a service pack is to refer to it by its number. The first service pack for an OS is called SP1, which is followed by SP2 and so on… Windows users would be quite familiar with this. SP2 was a popular service pack that Microsoft released for Windows XP. Along with the usual bug fixes and security updates, SP2 brought new features. Some of the new features introduced were – better interface for Internet Explorer, new security tools, and new DirectX technologies. SP2 is considered as a comprehensive service pack because even certain newer Windows programs need this to run.

Since maintenance of software is a never-ending job (until the software becomes obsolete), service packs are released once every year or 2 years.

The benefit of a service pack is that, although it contains several updates, these need not be manually installed one by one. After you download a service pack, in a single click, all the bug fixes and additional features/functionalities can be installed. The maximum a user has to do is to click through a few prompts that follow.

Service packs are a common feature of Microsoft products. But the same may not be true for other companies. Take MacOS X for example. Incremental updates to the OS are applied using the Software Update program.

Which service pack are you using?

As a user, you would be curious to know which service pack of the OS is installed on your device. The steps to check this is simple. You can visit the Control Panel to know about the service pack on your system.

If you want to know about the service pack of a particular software program, check the Help or About menu in the program. You can also visit the developer’s official website. The Changelog of Release notes section will contain information regarding the recent service pack.

When you check what service pack is currently running on your device, it is a good idea to check whether it is the latest one. If not, download and install the latest service pack. For new versions of Windows (Windows 8,10), service packs do not exist anymore. These are simply known as Windows Updates (we shall be discussing this in the later sections).

Errors caused by a service pack

A single patch itself has chances of causing errors. So, consider a service pack which is a collection of several updates. There is a good chance of a service pack causing an error. One of the reasons could be the time taken to download and install. Due to more content, service packs generally take a long time to download and install. Thus, creating more opportunities for errors to occur. Due to the presence of many updates within the same package, a service pack may also interfere with certain applications or drivers present on the system.

There are no blanket troubleshooting steps for errors caused by various service packs. Your first step should be to contact the respective support team. You may also try to uninstall and install the software again. Many websites provide troubleshooting guides for Windows updates. The user needs to first ascertain that a particular issue has been caused by the Windows Update. They can then proceed with the troubleshooting process.

If your system freezes during a Windows Update Installation, here are a few techniques to follow:

• Ctrl+Alt+Del – Press the Ctrl+Alt+Del and check if the system displays the login screen. Sometimes, the system will allow you to log in normally and continue installing the updates
• Restart – You can restart your system either by using the reset button or powering it off using the power button. Windows will start working normally and continue installing the updates
• Safe mode – If a particular program is interfering with the installation of updates, the problem can be resolved by starting the system in safe mode. In this mode, only the minimum required drivers are loaded so that the installation can take place. Then, restart the system.
• System restores – This is used to clean the system from incomplete updates. Open the system in safe mode. Choose the restore point as the one just before the update was installed. If all goes well, your system returns to the state before the update was applied.

Apart from these, check if your RAM has enough space. The memory could also be a reason for patches to freeze. Keep your BIOS up to date.

Moving forward – from SPs to Builds

Yes, Microsoft used to release service packs for its OS. They have now moved to a different way of releasing updates. The Service Pack 1 for Windows 7 was the last service pack that Microsoft released (in 2011). They seem to have done away with service packs.

We saw how service packs delivered bug fixes, enhanced security, and brought new features as well. This was particularly helpful because, users could now install multiple updates at once, with a few clicks. Windows XP had three service packs; Windows Vista has two. Microsoft released only one service pack for Windows 7.

Then, the service packs were stopped. For Windows 8, there were no service packs. Users could directly upgrade to Windows 8.1, which was a whole new version of the OS.

So what has changed?

Windows Updates have not started working any differently than before. A Windows Update still installs a set of patches on your device. You can browse the list and even uninstall certain patches that you do not want. However, with Windows 10, Microsoft has started releasing ‘Builds’ rather than the traditional service packs.

What does a Build do?

Builds do not just contain patches or updates; they can be thought of as an entirely new version of the OS. This is what was implemented in Windows 8. There were not just big fixes or tweaked features; users could upgrade to a new version of the OS – Windows 8.1

Windows 10 can automatically download and install a new build for your system. Your system is them rebooted and upgraded to the new build. Today, instead of service pack numbers, Windows 10 users can check the build number on their device. To check for the build number on your device, press the Windows key, enter ‘Winver’ in the Start Menu. Press the Enter key.

How are the versions in builds numbered? The first build in Windows 10 was numbered Build 10240. With the famous November Update, a new numbering scheme has been followed. The November Update has the version number 1511 – this means it was released in November (11) of 2015. The build number is 10586.

A build is different from a service pack in the sense that you cannot uninstall a build. The user, however, has the option of reverting to a previous build. To go back, go to Settings > Update and Security > Recovery. This option is active only for a month after a build is installed. After this period, you cannot downgrade. This is because the process involved in reverting is very similar to going back from Windows 10 to a previous version (Windows 7/8.1). After installing a new build, you can see that the disk cleanup wizard has files used by ‘previous Windows installations.’ Windows delete these files after 30 days, which makes it impossible to downgrade to a previous build. If you still want to revert, the only way is to reinstall the original version of Windows 10.

Summary

• A service pack is a software that contains several updates for an operating system or an application
• Service packs contain fixes for errors and bugs along with additional features and functionalities
• They are helpful because the user can install a set of updates at a time, with a few clicks. Installing patches one by one would be far more difficult
• Microsoft used to release service packs for the previous versions of Windows. The latest versions, however, have builds, which are more like a new version of the OS

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