Laptop-yada casriga ahi waxa ay xaliyeen ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan tanaasulaadyadii ka dhashay qaab-dhismeedka mashiinnada clamshell ee ugu horreeya ee soo gala suuqa.

Waagii hore, lahaanshaha laptop-ka waxay la macno tahay in lagu farxo tignoolajiyada jiil ka dambeeya waxa suuqa miiska uu ku raaxaysanayay. Waxa ay la macno tahay in la isticmaalo soo bandhigid jaban, qalab galinta cidhiidhi ah iyo bixinta qaddarin badan oo mudnaanta ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, muddo ka dib, tignoolajiyada ayaa u kobcay qaab ah in laptop-ka casriga ahi uu yahay mid aan la kala saari karin marka loo eego waxqabadka miiska caadiga ah. Waxqabadka asaasiga ah ee xitaa kombuyuutarka ugu jaban ayaa hadda si raaxo leh uga sarreeya waxa dadka intooda badan u baahan yihiin.

Taasi waa, helitaanka internetka iyo isticmaalka warbaahinta, oo leh wax soo saar fudud oo lagu tuurayo. Xataa isticmaalayaasha waxqabadka, sida ciyaartoyda iyo isticmaalayaasha goobta shaqada, waxay heli karaan laptops oo leh nooca guntin ay u baahan yihiin - qiimo.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jirta hal aag, oo laptops ay ka dambeeyaan. Wali suurtagal maaha in si fudud loo cusboonaysiiyo qaybaha waaweyn sida aan u awoodno mishiinnada miiska. Waxoogaa horumar ah ayaa laga gaaray arrintan. Waxa loogu yeero " MXM " modules-yada waxaa lagu isticmaalaa laptop-yada qaarkood si loogu oggolaado GPU -da jira in loogu beddelo wax cusub.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani waa qaali, waxay leedahay arrimo ku haboon oo kuuma siinayo inaad gasho GPU kasta oo aad rabto. Xirmooyinka GPU-da ee dibadda^{(External GPU)} ayaa hadda loo heli karaa si kale oo lagu kordhiyo awoodda garaafyada kumbuyuutarka laptop-ka iyo, iyadoo ku xiran kiiskaaga isticmaalka, waxay noqon kartaa xal ku habboon.

Waa maxay Dhab^(Exactly) ahaan Xerada GPU-da Dibadda?

Xaraashyadan GPU^(GPU) -da waxay ku dhow yihiin sida kiis kombuyuutar desktop ah oo yar yar oo loogu talagalay in lagu hayo kaadhka garaafyada oo aan wax kale ahayn. ^(graphics)Waxay leeyihiin sahay koronto oo iyaga u gaar ah, booska PCIe ee kaadhka laftiisa iyo taageerayaasha qaboojinta kiiska.

Waxa kale oo jira xidhidhyo^(GPU) isku dhafan oo dibadda ah oo isku dhafan kuwaas oo aan kuu oggolaanayn ikhtiyaarka beddelashada GPU -da gudaha. Tusaalooyinkan tignoolajiyadu ma isticmaalaan qaybaha desktop-ka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku tiirsan yihiin qaybaha heerka moobilka.

Nooca ugu horreeya ee xayndaabka dibadda waa la qaadi karo, laakiin ma guurto. Waxaa loogu talagalay inay ku istaagto miiska dushiisa, waana sababta ay inta badan sidoo kale u labanlaabaan sida xirmooyinka laptop-ka. Waxa laga yaabaa inay ku jiraan dekedo USB ah iyo xataa meelo kale oo adag. Marka Laptop-kaagu uu ku xidhmo, waxa uu geli karaa dhammaan waxyaalahan wanaagga ah oo waxa aad si joogto ah ugu xidhi kartaa xayndaabka dibadda kormeeraha, kiiboodhka, mouse-ka iyo af-hayeennada si ay u dhammaanteed oo uu u shaqeeyo qaato dhawr daqiiqo oo keliya.

Nooca labaad ee xayndaabka leh nakhshad isku dhafan ayaa laga yaabaa inay sidoo kale lahaato sifooyin wax-soo-dhigista, laakiin waxay u jirtaa kiis adeegsi oo ka duwan oo si fudud ayaa loogu kaydin karaa boorsadaada laptop-ka haddii aad u baahato socodka. Kuwani waxay la socdaan GPU horeyba u dul saarnaa oo guud ahaan ma ahan isticmaale la cusboonaysiin karo.

Thunderbolt 3 waxa uu ka dhigayaa wax kasta oo suurtogal ah

Caqabadda ugu weyn ee hortaagan samaynta GPU -ga dibadda ah mid shaqayn kara waa tignoolajiyada ku xidhaysa kombiyuutarka. In kasta oo tignoolajiyada IO sida USB 3.1 ay bixiso xaddi badan oo xajmiyeed ah, wali kuma filna in lagu qanciyo baahiyaha GPU gaajaysan . Tani waa sababta aan si toos ah ugu xirno kaararka GPU -ga Motherboard-ka anagoo adeegsanayna xiriiriye cufan.

Imaanshiyaha Thunderbolt 3 , oo ku socda fiilada USB-C, hadda waxaa jira tignoolajiyada isku xirka durugsan oo leh wax ka badan bandwidth ku filan oo lagu maareeyo baahiyaha GPU . Haddii aad leedahay laptop, ama kombiyuutar kasta, oo leh isku xirka USB-C oo leh awoodda Thunderbolt 3 , waxaad ku xiri kartaa xayndaabka GPU dibadda ah .

Waa muhiim in la xaqiijiyo in kombuyuutarka gaarka ahi aanu kaliya lahayn Thunderbolt 3 oo ka sarreeya USB-C^(USB-C) , laakiin in uu ku habboon yahay hawlaha GPU ee xiriirkan. Soo saaraha ayaa sida caadiga ah tan hore u odhan doona, haddi aanay si cad tan u sheegin taasi waa calaamad muujinaysa in cilmi-baadhisyada qaar ay tahay inay marka hore dhacdo.

Waa kan Qabashada - Waxqabadka Dulmarka

Digniinta ugu weyn ee xirmooyinkan dibadda ah waxay hoos ugu dhacdaa su'aal fudud oo luminta waxqabadka. In kasta oo ay ku kala duwan tahay kaadhka kaarka, waxay u muuqataa in guud ahaan 10-15 boqolkiiba luminta waxqabadka Thunderbolt 3 marka la barbar dhigo xidhiidhka tooska ah ee hooyada.

Tani waxay u badan tahay inay ku horumarto tayaynta darawalka iyo noocyada mustaqbalka ee Thunderbolt . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hadda waa inaadan si sax ah u filaynin waxqabadka ugu badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taasi daruuri maaha is barbar dhig cadaalad ah, maadaama aadan haysan ikhtiyaarka ah inaad si toos ah ugu beddesho GPU -ga laptop-kaaga ama qaab yar oo PC ah.

Si kale haddii loo dhigo, xitaa haddii boqolkiiba shan iyo tobankaas hoos u dhaco, GPU -da dibadda ayaa weli aad uga dhaqso badan GPU -da gudaha . Haddii aad u malaynayso in aad ku xidhayso kaadhka garaafyada dhamaadka sare.

Isku-dheellitir la'aanta CPU/GPU

Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee qof kasta oo ka fikiraya isticmaalka garaafyada GPU -da ee dibadda waa inuu maskaxda ku hayaa in GPU -gu aanu ahayn qaybta kaliya ee muhiimka ah marka ay timaado waxqabadka garaafyada. CPU - gu waa inuu sameeyaa waxyaabo badan oo kala duwan ka hor inta aan shaqada loo gudbin GPU -ga , kaas oo markaa qaban doona shaqada qaabaynta.

Haddii CPU -ga su'aashu ay tahay uusan tan si dhakhso ah u samayn karin, dhib malahan sida uu u awood badan yahay GPU -gu . Had iyo jeer waxay sugaysaa in CPU -gu uu qabsado oo aanu ku shaqaynayn awoodiisa oo dhan. Xaalad loo tixraaco sida "qoorta dhalada".

Tani waa arrin aad u khuseysa, sababtoo ah CPU iyo GPU lagu dhex dhisay laptop-kaaga ayaa loo doortay inay si fiican u wada shaqeeyaan. Markaad gacanta ku hayso doorashada GPU , aad ayay muhiim u tahay inaad doorato mid sida ugu fiican ugu shaqayn doona CPU -da su'aasha la waydiinayo.

Tani waa sababta xalalka GPU -da dibadda ay si fiican ula shaqeeyaan buug-yaraha fasalka ultrabook, sababtoo ah waxay u muuqdaan inay leeyihiin CPU-yo^(CPUs) aad u awood badan , xitaa haddii lagu daro xalalka GPU -da ee dusha sare ee sababaha awoodda iyo badbaadinta booska. Isku-dubbaridka buug-yarahan oo leh GPU aad u awood badan waxay ku siin doontaa waayo-aragnimo aad loogu qanco.

Haddii laptop-kaagu uu xidhxidhayo qalabka CPU -ga hoose, ka dib lacagtaada kaydso oo ku xidh ^(CPU)GPU dhexdhexaad ah . Weli aad uga dhaqso badan garaafyada isku dhafan, laakiin iyada oo aan la helin lumin waxqabadka.

Muujinta Taageerada

Sida iska cad waxaad ku xidhi kartaa wax kasta oo soo bandhiga dibadda ah GPU aad doorato taageero. Xeryaha qaarkood waxay sidoo kale ku daraan xiriirkooda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uma baahnid inaad isticmaasho bandhig dibadda ah.

In kasta oo ay ku timaaddo kharash wax-qabad, waxaad sawir-gacmeedka ka soo jiid kartaa GPU -gaaga dibadda oo aad dib ugu celin kartaa bandhigga laptop-kaaga ku dhex-jira. Iyada oo ku xidhan waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee qalabkaaga, garaaca wax qabadku wuxuu noqon karaa mid muhiim ah oo xalka ugu fiicani waa in la isticmaalo bandhig dibadda ah.

Awoodda, Cabirka iyo Qaboojinta

Sida kor ku xusan, meelahan dibadda ah waa habab iskood isku koobay oo awood iyo qaboojin siiya GPU -da aad doorato inaad ku rakibto. Dabcan, marka laga reebo xayndaabyo isku dhafan oo aan la beddeli karin.

Sida desktop-yada, dhammaan xidhidhiyeyaasha looma abuurin si siman. Waxaa jiri doona cabbir kaar gaar ah oo ay taageerayaan badeecad kasta. Sidoo kale^(Likewise) , isku aadka awoodda ugu badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu dhejin doonaa xaashida gaarka ah. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in haddii aad maskaxda ku hayso meel gaar ah, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad hubiso in GPU -gu ku habboon yahay iyo in xeradu ay bixiso casiir ku filan oo kaadhkaas ku ilaalinaya si habsami leh.

Waxaase yaab leh, tani waa arrin ka weyn GPU-yadii^(GPUs) hore . Kaararka la abuuray iyadoo la isticmaalayo habab wax soo saar hore waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin kuwo gaajaysan oo awood badan. Haddana waxay door soo jiidasho leh u yihiin isticmaalka GPU -ga dibadda ah. Ka dib oo dhan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad haysato kaar GPU^(GPU) duug ah oo hareeraha yaal ama waxaad soo qaadan kartaa kaararkii waxqabadka sannadkii hore si aad gorgortan u gasho. Diidmada kharashka xayndaabka laftiisa.

Modular VS Isku-dhafka GPU-yada Dibadda

Sida kor ku xusan, waxaad heleysaa laba naqshadood oo waaweyn oo loogu talagalay xirmooyinka GPU^(GPU) -da ee dibadda . Nooca la helay caymiska ugu badan ayaa ah kuwa aad ku dhejin karto GPU kasta oo ku habboon oo aanad xad dhaaf u saarin sahayda korontada.

Khasaaraha ugu weyn ee tani waa iyaga oo aan si gaar ah loo qaadi karin. Ma jiraan wax kaa joojinaya inaad la soo baxdo xerada dibadda, laakiin ma noqon doonto hawl fudud. GPU^(GPUs) -yada dibadda ee isku-dhafan , in kasta oo aanay ahayn moobil, ayaa aad loo qaadi karo.

Waxaad si fudud ugu ridi kartaa boorsadaada laptop-ka si aad u isticmaashid marka tamarta ugu muhiimsani jirto. U soo qaado goobtan garaafyada ee Lenovo tusaale ahaan. Waxay ka kooban tahay GTX 1050 , laakiin waa mid yar oo dhuuban oo ku filan inay kula qaadato.

Waxa kale oo jira kala duwanaansho saddexaad oo halkan ah, oo kala badh ah. Waxaad ka iibsan kartaa xayndaabyo dibadeed oo aad u weyn kuwaaso la socda kaar ka xoog badan oo lagu dhex dhisay. Kuwani maaha kuwo la qaadi karo, laakiin waxay u muuqdaan inay ka qaalisan yihiin fursadaha kaadhka-ga-qaadashada.

Xidhiidhada Lahaanshaha

Iyadoo ku dhawaad ​​​​tusaale kasta oo kuxiran GPU^(GPU) -da dibadda ah uu ku shaqeeyo Thunderbolt 3 oo ka sarreeya USB-C^(USB-C) , waxaa jira tiro yar oo ka reeban. Waxa xusid mudan, Amplifier-ka Alienware Graphics Amplifier -ka waxa uu isticmaalaa isku xidhe u gaar ah oo keliya laptopsyada Alienware^(Alienware) ee gaarka ah .

Tani ma aha dhibaato guud ahaan, laakiin macaamiishu waa inay ogaadaan in iswaafajinta waa in labanlaab iyo saddex laab la hubiyaa ka hor inta aan lacag loo gelin tignoolajiyada GPU ee dibadda ah.^(GPU)

Tilmaamaha Saldhigga Doomaha

Meelo badan oo GPU^(GPU) ah oo dibadda ah ayaa bixiya sifooyin ka badan GPU ka wanaagsan oo kaliya . Waxay labanlaabmi karaan sidii saldhigyada xidhitaanka, taasoo kuu oggolaanaysa inaad si joogto ah ugu xidhidhiyaha kormeeraha, cod-bixiyeyaasha, kiiboodhka, mouse-ka iyo kaydinta USB-ga . ^(USB)Qaarkood waxay leeyihiin meelo gudaha ah oo loogu talagalay darawallada adag sidoo kale.

Haddii laptop-kaaga iyo xayndaabku labaduba ay taageeraan, isku xirka Thunderbolt wuxuu xitaa awood u yeelan karaa oo dallaci karaa laptop-kaaga, taasoo ka dhigaysa suurtogalnimada in xiriir keliya uu noqdo waxa kaliya ee idinka dhexeeya iyo inaad diyaar u tahay inaad ku duubto qalabka desktop-ka buuxa.

Xalka DIY

Xirashooyinka eGPU waa xarrago, fur-iyo-ciyaar si ay kor ugu qaadaan sawirada laptop-ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad ku badbaadin kartaa qiimahooda xad sare adiga oo farsameynaya xalkaaga. Inkastoo aysan hubaal ahayn qof kasta oo aan ku habboonayn nadiifinta alaabta ganacsiga, waxaad isku dhejin kartaa dhammaan qaybaha loo baahan yahay laftaadu.

Waa wax fudud in la soo dejiyo kaarka Thunderbolt dock. Tani asal ahaan waa booska PCIe laftiisa oo leh meel yar. Waa inaad isku xidho korontadaada, kaarka laftiisuna wuxuu ahaan doonaa mid bannaan. Dhanka kore ayaa ah in haddii aad hore u haysatid kaar duug ah iyo PSU oo hareeraha jiifa, waa hab aad u jaban oo aad uga faa'iidaysan karto iyaga oo ay la socdaan laptop ku habboon.

Ku soo dhawoow Kacaanka eGPU!

Iyada oo cusub, noocyada teknoolojiyadda degdega ah sida Thunderbolt 3 oo jidka ku jira, mustaqbalka tignoolajiyada eGPU waxay u muuqataa mid dhalaalaya. Waxa ay noo ogolaataa in aanu kordhino cimriga kombayutaradayada mobaylka, la wadaagno GPU-yada^(GPUs) awooda badan isticmaalayaasha badan oo aan ka gudubno qaar ka mid ah xaddidaadaha waxqabadka ee ku jira qaabka laptop-ka. Marka la eego inta qiimaha xirmooyinka eGPU ay mar hore hoos u dhacday, caannimadooda waxay u badan tahay inaysan meelna aadin laakiin halkan ayay kor uga kacaysaa.

Everything You Need to Know About External GPU Enclosures

Modern laptops have solved almost all of the compromises that have been inherent to the form factor from the first ever clamshell machines to enter the mаrket.

In the past, owning a laptop meant being happy with technology a generation behind what the desktop market was enjoying. It means using a compromised display, cramped input devices and paying a massive premium for the privilege.

Over time however, technology has evolved in such a way that the modern laptop is essentially indistinguishable in terms of performance from the typical desktop. The baseline performance of even the cheapest computer is now comfortably in excess of what most people need.

That is, internet access and media consumption, with some light productivity thrown in. Even performance users, such as gamers and workstation users, can get laptops with the sort of grunt they need – at a price.

There is one area however, where laptops are behind. It’s still not possible to simply upgrade major components the way we can with desktop machines. There has been some progress in this regard. So-called “MXM” modules are used in some laptops to allow for the existing GPU to be swapped for something newer.

However, this is expensive, has compatibility issues and doesn’t give you access to any GPU you want. External GPU enclosures are now available as an alternative way to boost the graphics prowess of a laptop computer and, depending on your use case, could be an ideal solution.

What Exactly is an External GPU Enclosure?

These GPU enclosures are almost like tiny desktop computer cases that are designed to house a graphics card and nothing else. They have their own power supplies, a PCIe slot for the card itself and case cooling fans.

There are also compact integrated external GPU enclosures that don’t allow you the option of changing the GPU inside. These examples of the technology don’t use desktop components, but also rely on mobile-grade parts.

The first type of external enclosure is portable, but not mobile. It is designed to stand on a desk, which is why they often also double as laptop docks. They might include USB ports and even additional hard drive bays. Once your laptop is connected, it can access all these goodies and you can permanently attach an external monitor, keyboard, mouse and speakers to the enclosure so that getting it all up and running only takes a few minutes.

The second type of enclosure with it’s integrated design might also have some docking features, but exists for a slightly different use case and can easily be stored in your laptop bag in case you need it on the go. These come with a GPU already on-board and generally aren’t user upgradeable.

Thunderbolt 3 Makes it All Possible

The biggest obstacle to making an external GPU viable is the technology that connects it to the computer. While IO technology such s USB 3.1 offers a lot of bandwidth, it’s still not nearly enough to satisfy the needs of a hungry GPU. This is the reason we connect GPU cards directly to the motherboard using a dense connector.

With the advent of Thunderbolt 3, running over a USB-C cable, there’s now a peripheral connection technology that has more than enough bandwidth to handle GPU demands. If you have a laptop, or any computer really, that has a USB-C connector with Thunderbolt 3 capability, you can connect an external GPU enclosure.

It is important to confirm whether the specific computer not only has Thunderbolt 3 over USB-C, but that it is compatible with GPU operations over this connection. The manufacturer will usually say this upfront, if they don’t mention this explicitly that’s a sign that some research has to happen first.

Here’s the Catch – Performance Overhead

The biggest caveat with these external enclosures comes down to a simple question of performance loss. While it varies from card to card, it seems that there’s an overall 10-15 percent loss of performance over Thunderbolt 3 compared to a direct motherboard connection.

This is likely to improve with driver optimization and with future versions of Thunderbolt. However, right now you shouldn’t expect exactly as much performance. However, that’s not necessarily a fair comparison, since you don’t have the option of directly replacing the GPU in your laptop or small form factor PC.

In other words, even with that fifteen percent drop, the external GPU will still be much faster than the internal GPU. Assuming that you’re connecting to a relatively higher end graphics card.

CPU/GPU Mismatches

One of the most important things anyone who is considering using an external GPU enclosure should keep in mind is that the GPU is not the only part that matters when it comes to graphical performance. The CPU has to do a whole range of things before the work can be passed on to the GPU, which will then do the work of rendering frames.

If the CPU in question can’t do this quickly enough, it doesn’t matter how powerful the GPU is. It’s always going to be waiting for the CPU to catch up and not working at its full capacity. A situation that’s referred to as a “bottleneck”.

This is a very relevant issue, because the CPU and GPU built into your laptop were chosen to work well together. When you are in control of the GPU choice, it’s pretty important to pick one that will perform at its best with the CPU in question.

This is why external GPU solutions work well with ultrabook-class notebooks, because they tend to have very powerful CPUs, even if paired with onboard GPU solutions for power and space saving reasons. Pairing these notebooks with a very powerful GPU will provide a very satisfactory experience.

If you’re laptop is packing lower-end CPU hardware, then save your money and pair it with a mid-range GPU. Still much faster than integrated graphics, but without performance wastage.

Display Support

Obviously you can connect whatever external display the GPU you choose supports. Some enclosures add their own connections as well. You do not, however, need to use an external display.

Although it comes at a performance cost, you can pipe the graphics from your external GPU back to your built-in laptop display. Depending on the specifics of your hardware, that performance knock can be significant and optimal solution is to use an external display.

Power, Dimensions and Cooling

As mentioned above, these external enclosures are self-contained systems that provide power and cooling to the GPU you choose to install in them. Of course, with the exception of integrated enclosures that can’t be modified.

Just like desktops, all enclosures are not created equal. There will be specific card dimensions supported by each product. Likewise, the maximum power draw will also be laid out in the spec sheets. This means that if you have a specific enclosure in mind, you need to make sure that the GPU fits and that the enclosure provides enough juice to keep that card running smoothly.

Ironically, this is a larger issue with older GPUs. Cards created using older production processes tend to be more power hungry. Yet they’re an attractive choice for external GPU use. After all, you may have an old GPU card laying around or can pick up last year’s performance cards for a bargain. Defraying the cost of the enclosure itself.

Modular VS Integrated External GPUs

As mentioned above, you get two main designs for external GPU enclosures. The type that’s received the most coverage are those where you can stick any GPU that will fit and not overload the power supply.

The main disadvantage of this is that they aren’t particularly portable. Nothing stops you from taking the external enclosure along, but it’s not going to be an easy task. Integrated external GPUs, while not mobile, are much more portable.

You can easily put them into your laptop bag so that you can use them when main power is available. Take this graphics dock from Lenovo as an example. It contains a GTX 1050, but is small and thin enough to take with you.

There’s a third variant here as well, somewhat halfway. You can buy bulkier external enclosures that come with a more powerful card built in. These are not as portable, but they tend to be less expensive than the bring-your-own-card options.

Proprietary Connections

While almost every example of external GPU enclosure works using Thunderbolt 3 over USB-C, there are a small number of exceptions. Notable, the Alienware Graphics Amplifier uses a connector that’s unique only to specific Alienware laptops.

This is not a problem in general, but consumers should be aware that compatibility should be double- and triple- checked before committing money to external GPU technology.

Docking Station Features

Many external GPU enclosures offer more features than just a better GPU. They can double as docking stations, allowing you to permanently attach a monitor, speakers, keyboard, mouse and USB storage. Some have internal drive bays for hard drives as well.

If your laptop and enclosure both support it, the Thunderbolt connection can even power and charge your laptop, making it possible to have a single connection be the only thing between you and being ready to roll with a full-on desktop setup.

DIY Solutions

eGPU enclosures are an elegant, plug-and-play solution to boosting laptop graphics. However, you can save on their relatively high price by crafting your own solution. While it’s certainly not for everyone and doesn’t match the polish of a commercial product, you can cobble together all the needed parts yourself.

It’s relatively simply to import a Thunderbolt card dock.This is essentially just the PCIe slot itself with a small stand. You have to connect your own power supply and the card itself will just be out in the open. The upside is that if you already have an old card and PSU laying around, it’s a very cheap way to make use of them with along with a compatible laptop.

Welcome to the eGPU Revolution!

With newer, faster versions of technologies like Thunderbolt 3 on the way, the future off eGPU technology looks bright. It allows us to extend the lifespan of our mobile computers, share powerful GPUs among multiple users and overcome some of the performance limitations inherent to the laptop form factor. Given how much the cost of eGPU enclosures have already dropped, their popularity is likely to go nowhere but up from here.

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